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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Obligations of Private Parties
- English
If the activities of constitutional authorities or the application of legal rules have become ineffective, every citizenshall have the right to resist anyone who would abolish the democratic functioning of human rights and fundamental freedoms set forth in this Constitution. (Art. 32)
- Slovak
Občania majú právo postaviť sa na odpor proti každému, kto by odstraňoval demokratický poriadok základných ľudských práv a slobôd uvedených v tejto ústave, ak činnosť ústavných orgánov a účinné použitie zákonných prostriedkov sú znemožnené. (Čl. 32)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English
(1) Each provision of this Part3 applies, as far as may be
(a) between individuals as well as between governmental bodies and individuals; and
(b) to and in relation to corporations and associations (other than governmental bodies) in the same way as it applies to and in relation to individuals, except where, or to the extent that, the context requires otherwise.
(2) Except in relation to any act that is done under a valid law which accords with traditional standards, values and practices, any act that is done under a valid law but that in the particular case
(a) is harsh or oppressive; or
(b) is not reasonable in the circumstances; or
(c) is otherwise not reasonably justifiable in a democratic society having a proper respect for human rights and dignity, is an unlawful act.
(3) The burden of showing that subsection (2) applies in respect of an act is on the party claiming that it does apply.
... (Sec. 12)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English…
Each citizen has the right to the full development [épanouissement] of his person within respect for the rights of others, of the public order, of ethics [morales] and of morals [bonne mœurs].
… (Art. 8) - French…
Chaque citoyen a droit au plein épanouissement de sa personne dans le respect des droits d’autrui, de l’ordre public, de la morale et des bonnes mœurs.
… (Art. 8)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English1. Constitutional principles relating to the rights, liberties and guarantees are directly applicable and binding on both public and private entities.
… (Art. 30) - Portuguese1 - Os preceitos constitucionais respeitantes aos direitos, liberdades e garantias são directamente aplicáveis e vinculam as entidades públicas e privadas.
… (Art. 30)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English
This Chapter5 shall not be interpreted so as to confer on any person or group the right to engage in any activity aimed at the suppression of a right or freedom contained in the Charter6. (Art. 45)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English…
(2) All Zimbabwean citizens are equally entitled to the rights, privileges and benefits of citizenship and are equally subject to the duties and obligations of citizenship.
… (Sec. 35)
Obligations of Private Parties
- EnglishThe fundamental rights recognized in this Constitution determine the existence of an order of judicial and moral responsibility that rules the conduct of men and women in society.
… (Art. 75) - SpanishLos derechos fundamentals reconocidos en esta Constitución determinan la existencia de un orden de responsabilidad jurídica y moral, que obliga la conducta del hombre y la mujer en sociedad.
… (Art. 75)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English
…
3. In exercising his/her rights and freedoms one shall not infringe the national security, rights and freedoms of others, and violate public order. (Art. 19) - Mongolian
…
3. Хүн эрх, эрх чөлөөгөө эдлэхдээ үндэсний аюулгүй байдал, бусад хүний эрх, эрх чөлөөг хохироож, нийгмийн хэв журмыг гажуудуулж болохгүй. (Арван есдүгээр зүйл)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English…
III. Rights and freedoms also include commitments to society and other individuals. Abuse of rights is not allowed. (Art. 24) - Azerbaijani…
III. Hüquqlar və azadlıqlar hər kəsin cəmiyyət və başqa şəxslər qarşısında məsuliyyətini və vəzifələrini də əhatə edir. Hüquqlardan sui-istifadəyə yol verilmir. (Maddə 24)
Obligations of Private Parties
- English…
The rights, freedoms and duties set out in the Constitution extend to legal persons in so far as this is in accordance with the purpose of legal personality and with the nature of such rights, freedoms and duties. (Sec. 9) - Estonian…
Põhiseaduses loetletud õigused, vabadused ja kohustused laienevad juriidilistele isikutele niivõrd, kui see on kooskõlas juriidiliste isikute üldiste eesmärkide ja selliste õiguste, vabaduste ja kohustuste olemusega. (§ 9)