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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of the State. He is the guarantor of the national independence and [national] unity, of the territorial integrity, of the respect for the Constitution and of the international treaties and Agreements. … (Art. 58)
- FrenchLe Président de la République est le Chef de l'Etat. Il est garant de l'indépendance et de l'unité nationales, de l'intégrité territoriale, du respect de la Constitution et des traités et accords internationaux. … (Art. 58)
Head of State
- EnglishAll Powers, Authorities, and Functions which under any Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or of the Legislature of Upper Canada, Lower Canada, Canada, Nova Scotia, or New Brunswick, are at the Union vested in or exerciseable by the respective Governors or Lieutenant Governors of those Provinces, with the Advice, or with the Advice and Consent, of the respective Executive Councils thereof, or in conjunction with those Councils, or with any Number of Members thereof, or by those Governors or Lieutenant Governors individually, shall, as far as the same continue in existence and capable of being exercised after the Union in relation to the Government of Canada, be vested in and exerciseable by the Governor General, with the Advice or with the Advice and Consent of or in conjunction with the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada, or any Members thereof, or by the Governor General individually, as the Case requires, subject nevertheless (except with respect to such as exist under Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) to be abolished or altered by the Parliament of Canada. (Constitution Act 1867, Sec. 12)
- FrenchTous les pouvoirs, attributions et fonctions qui, — par une loi du parlement de la Grande-Bretagne, ou du parlement du Royaume-Uni de la Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande, ou de la législature du Haut-Canada, du Bas-Canada, du Canada, de la Nouvelle-Écosse ou du Nouveau-Brunswick, lors de l’union, — sont conférés aux gouverneurs ou lieutenants-gouverneurs respectifs de ces provinces ou peuvent être par eux exercés, de l’avis ou de l’avis et du consentement des conseils exécutifs de ces provinces, ou avec la coopération de ces conseils, ou d’aucun nombre de membres de ces conseils, ou par ces gouverneurs ou lieutenants-gouverneurs individuellement, seront, — en tant qu’ils continueront d’exister et qu’ils pourront être exercés, après l’union, relativement au gouvernement du Canada, — conférés au gouverneur-général et pourront être par lui exercés, de l’avis ou de l’avis et du consentement ou avec la coopération du Conseil Privé de la Reine pour le Canada ou d’aucun de ses membres, ou par le gouverneur-général individuellement, selon le cas; mais ils pourront, néanmoins (sauf ceux existant en vertu de lois de la Grande- Bretagne ou du parlement du Royaume-Uni de la Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande), être révoqués ou modifiés par le parlement du Canada. (Loi constitutionnelle de 1867, Sec. 12)
Head of State
- EnglishThe executive power in the Republic of Azerbaijan belongs to the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan. (Art. 99)
- AzerbaijaniAzərbaycan Respublikasında icra hakimiyyəti Azərbaycan Respublikası Prezidentinə mənsubdur. (Maddə 99)
Head of State
- English
(1) The highest executive organs are the Federal President, the Federal Ministers and the state secretaries, and the members of the Provincial Governments.
… (Art. 19) - German
(1) Die obersten Organe der Vollziehung sind der Bundespräsident, die Bundesminister und Staatssekretäre sowie die Mitglieder der Landesregierungen.
… (Art. 19)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President shall be the chief executive of the national government. (Art. VIII, Sec. 1)
Head of State
- English(1) The executive authority of Saint Vincent is vested in Her Majesty.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive authority of Saint Vincent may be exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by the Governor-General either directly or through officers subordinate to him.
… (Sec. 50)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is elected by universal direct suffrage for a mandate of seven years renewable.
… (Art. 97) - KirundiUmukuru w’Igihugu yitorerwa n’abarundi bo nyene ubwabo, akamara muri iryo banga ikiringo c’imyaka indwi gishobora kwisubiriza.
… (Ingingo ya 97) - FrenchLe Président de la République est élu au suffrage universel direct pour un mandat de sept ans renouvelable.
… (Art. 97)
Head of State
- English1. A person qualifies to be nominated as a candidate for election as President if that person—
a. is a citizen by birth or descent;
b. has been ordinarily resident in Zambia;
c. is at least thirty-five years old;
d. is a registered voter;
e. has obtained, as a minimum academic qualification, a grade twelve certificate or its equivalent;
f. is fluent in the official language;
g. has paid that person’s taxes or has made arrangements, satisfactory to the appropriate tax authority, for the payment of the taxes;
h. declares that person’s assets and liabilities, as prescribed;
i. pays the prescribed election fee on, or before, the date fixed for the delivery of nomination papers; and
j. is supported by at least one hundred registered voters from each Province.
... (Art. 100)
Head of State
- EnglishSovereign power belongs to the Thai people. The King as Head of State shall exercise such power through the National Assembly, the Council of Ministers and the Courts in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. ... (Sec. 3)
- Thaiอํานาจอธิปไตยเป็นของปวงชนชาวไทย พระมหากษัตริย์ผู้ทรงเป็นประมุขทรงใช้อํานาจนั้นทางรัฐสภา คณะรัฐมนตรี และศาล ตามบทบัญญัติแห่งรัฐธรรมนูญ … (มาตรา ๓)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Imperial Throne shall be dynastic and succeeded to in accordance with the Imperial House Law passed by the Diet. (Art. 2)
- Japanese皇位は、世襲のものであつて、国会の議決した皇室典範の定めるところにより、これを継承する。(第2条)