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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishFor multi-person elections, the law shall establish an electoral system in line with the principles of proportionality, equality of vote, equity, parity and rotation of power between women and men and shall determine the voting precincts inside and outside the country. (Art. 116)
- SpanishPara las elecciones pluripersonales, la ley establecerá un sistema electoral conforme a los principios de proporcionalidad, igualdad del voto, equidad, paridad y alternabilidad entre mujeres y hombres; y determinará las circunscripciones electorales dentro y fuera del país. (Art. 116)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
The law establishes the rules concerning:
…
- the promotion of gender;
… (Art. 101) - French
La loi fixe les règles concernant:
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- la promotion du genre;
… (Art. 101)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
The law favors the equal access and the participation of women and men in public employment and to the functions in the domain of the political, economical and social life. (Art. 6) - French
...
La loi favorise l’égal accès et la participation des femmes et des hommes aux emplois publics et aux fonctions dans le domaine de la vie politique, économique et sociale. (Art. 6)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
...
(6) A federal law shall provide that in filing candidacy by political parties for the election to the Provincial Assembly under the proportional electoral system, representation shall be ensured on the basis of a closed list also from women,
... (Art. 176) - Nepali
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(६) समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम हुने प्रदेश सभाको निर्वाचनकालागि राजनीतिक दलले उम्मेदवारी दिंदा जनसंख्याको आधारमा महिला, ... समेतबाट बन्द सूचीका आधारमा प्रतिनिधित्व हुने व्यवस्था संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ ।
... (धारा १७६)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English1. Women shall be accorded full and equal dignity of the person with men.
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5. Without prejudice to article 32 of this Constitution, women shall have the right to affirmative action for the purpose of redressing the imbalances created by history, tradition or custom. (Art. 33)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
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(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision—
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(d) whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) may be subjected to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage that, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
… (Sec. 13)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English… Measures determined by the State in order to eliminate an obstacle to or to promote a person’s ability to exercise their rights or liberties on the same basis as other persons or to protect or facilitate children, women, the elderly, persons with disabilities or underprivileged persons shall not be deemed as unjust discrimination under paragraph three. ... (Sec. 27)
- Thai… มาตรการที่รัฐกําหนดขึ้นเพื่อขจัดอุปสรรคหรือส่งเสริมให้บุคคลสามารถใช้สิทธิหรือเสรีภาพได้เช่นเดียวกับบุคคลอื่น หรือเพื่อคุ้มครองหรืออํานวยความสะดวกให้แก่เด็ก สตรี ผู้สูงอายุ คนพิการ หรือผู้ด้อยโอกาส ย่อมไม่ถือว่าเป็นการเลือกปฏิบัติโดยไม่เป็นธรรมตามวรรคสาม ... (มาตรา ๒๗)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
(4) In the composition of the Government, women shall be fairly represented.
… (Sec. 214)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishMen and women have equal civil, political, social, economic and cultural rights. The State will promote the conditions and will create the adequate mechanisms for, making equality real and effective, by leveling [allanando] the obstacles that prevent or hinder its exercise and facilitating the participation of women in all areas [ámbitos] of the national life. (Art. 48)
- SpanishEl hombre y la mujer tienen iguales derechos civiles, políticos, sociales, económicos y culturales. El Estado promoverá las condiciones y creará los mecanismos adecuados para que la igualdad sea real y efectiva, allanando los obstáculos que impidan o dificulten su ejercicio y facilitando la participación de la mujer en todos los ámbitos de la vida nacional. (Art. 48)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
The State works for the realization of parity between men and women.
An Authority for parity and the struggle against all forms of discrimination is created, to this effect. (Art. 19) - Arabic…
تسعى الدّولة إلى تحقيق مبدأ المناصفة بين الرّجال والنساء.
وتُحدث لهذه الغاية، هيئة للمناصفة ومكافحة كلّ أشكال التّمييز. (الفصل 19)