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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, any person resident in Singapore of or over the age of 21 years may, on application being made therefor in the prescribed form, be registered as a citizen of Singapore if he satisfies the Government that he —
(a) is of good character;
(b) has resided in Singapore throughout the 12 months immediately preceding the date of his application;(c) has during the 12 years immediately preceding the date of his application resided in Singapore for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than 10 years:
Provided that the Government may exempt any applicant from compliance with this paragraph —
(i) where such applicant has during the 6 years immediately preceding the date of his application resided in Singapore for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than 5 years; or
(ii) where in any special case the Government considers fit to confer citizenship upon such applicant;
(d) intends to reside permanently in Singapore; and
(e) has an elementary knowledge of one of the following languages, namely, Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil:
Provided that the Government may exempt an applicant who has attained the age of 45 years or who is deaf or dumb from compliance with this paragraph.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, any woman who is married to a citizen of Singapore may, on making application therefor in the prescribed manner, be registered as a citizen of Singapore if she satisfies the Government —
(a) that she has resided continuously in Singapore for a period of not less than 2 years immediately preceding the date of the application;
(b) that she intends to reside permanently in Singapore; and
(c) that she is of good character. (Art. 123)
Citizenship and Nationality
Georgia
- English1. The following shall fall within the exclusive competence of the supreme state authorities of Georgia:
a) legislation on … Georgian citizenship, … (Art. 7) - Georgian1. საქართველოს უმაღლეს სახელმწიფო ორგანოთა განსაკუთრებულ გამგებლობას მიეკუთვნება:
ა) კანონმდებლობა ... საქართველოს მოქალაქეობის, … (მუხლი 7)
Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English…
(4) If the Federal Government is satisfied that any woman who is a citizen by registration under Clause (1) of Article 15 has acquired the citizenship of any country outside the Federation by virtue of her marriage to a person who is not a citizen, the Federal Government may by order deprive her of her citizenship. (Art. 24) - Malay…
(4) Jika Kerajaan Persekutuan berpuas hati bahawa mana-mana perempuan yang menjadi warganegara melalui pendaftaran di bawah Fasal (1) Perkara 15 telah memperoleh kewarganegaraan mana-mana negara di luar Persekutuan oleh sebab perkahwinannya dengan seseorang yang bukan warganegara, maka Kerajaan Persekutuan boleh melalui perintah melucutkan kewarganegaraan perempuan itu. (Perkara 24)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishCitizenship, naturalisation and aliens. (Seventh Schedule: List I – Union List, Art. 17)
- Hindiनागरिकता, समीकरण और विदेशी। (सातवीं अनुसूची: सूची I – संघ सूची, अनुच्छेद 17)
Citizenship and Nationality
Myanmar
- EnglishCitizenship, naturalization and revocation of citizenship shall be as prescribed by law. (Sec. 346)
- Burmeseနိုင်ငံသားဖြစ်ခြင်း၊ နိုင်ငံသားပြုခြင်းနှင့် နိုင်ငံသားအဖြစ်မှရပ်စဲခြင်းတို့သည် ဥပဒေဖြင့် ပြဌာန်းသည့်အတိုင်း ဖြစ်စေရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၄၆)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) The Government may, by order, deprive a citizen of Singapore of his citizenship if the Government is satisfied that —
(a) he has, while of or over the age of 18 years, at any time after 6th April 1960 acquired by registration, naturalisation or other voluntary and formal act (other than marriage) the citizenship of any country outside Singapore or having so acquired such citizenship before the age of 18 years continues to retain it after that age; or
(b) the citizen, being a woman who is a citizen of Singapore by registration under Article 123(2), has acquired the citizenship of any country outside Singapore by virtue of her marriage to a person who is not a citizen of Singapore.
… (Art. 134)
Citizenship and Nationality
Korea, Republic of
- English1. Nationality in the Republic of Korea shall be prescribed by law.
… (Art. 2) - Korean①대한민국의 국민이 되는 요건은 법률로 정한다.
... (제2조)
Citizenship and Nationality
Kazakhstan
- English1. Citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan shall be acquired and terminated, as prescribed by law and shall be indivisible and equal regardless of the grounds of its acquisition.
2. A citizen of the Republic shall not be deprived of citizenship, the right to change such citizenship, and also may not be expelled from Kazakhstan. Deprivation of citizenship is allowed only by a court decision for the commission of terrorist crimes, as well as for causing other grave harm to the vital interests of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
3. Foreign citizenship of a citizen of the Republic shall not be recognized. (Art. 10) - Kazak1. Қазақстан Республикасының азаматтығы заңға сәйкес алынады және тоқтатылады, ол қандай негізде алынғанына қарамастан, бірыңғай және тең болып табылады.
2. Республиканың азаматын азаматтығынан, өзінің азаматтығын өзгерту құқығынан айыруға, сондай-ақ оны Қазақстаннан тыс жерлерге аластауға болмайды. Азаматтықтан айыруға террористік қылмыстар жасағаны, сондай-ақ Қазақстан Республикасының өмірлік маңызы бар мүдделеріне өзге де ауыр зиян келтіргені үшін соттың шешімімен ғана жол беріледі.
3. Республика азаматының басқа мемлекеттің азаматтығында болуы танылмайды. (10-бап)
Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English1. Subject to the provisions of Part III5 of this Constitution, the following persons born on or after Malaysia Day are citizens by operation of law, that is to say:
(a) every person born within the Federation of whose parents one at least is at the time of the birth either a citizen or permanently resident in the Federation; and
(b) every person born outside the Federation whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen and either was born in the Federation or is at the time of the birth in the service of the Federation or of a State; and
(c) every person born outside the Federation whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen and whose birth is, within one year of its occurrence or within such longer period as the Federal Government may in any particular case allow, registered at a consulate of the Federation or, if it occurs in Brunei or in a territory prescribed for this purpose by order of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, registered with the Federal Government; and
(d) every person born in Singapore of whose parents one at least is at the time of the birth a citizen and who is not born a citizen otherwise than by virtue of this paragraph; and
(e) every person born within the Federation who is not born a citizen of any country otherwise than by virtue of this paragraph.
… (Second Schedule, Part II, [Article 14(1)(b)]) - Malay1. Tertakluk kepada peruntukan Bahagian III Perlembagaan ini, orang yang berikut yang lahir pada atau selepas Hari Malaysia ialah warganegara melalui kuat kuasa undang-undang, iaitu:
(a) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Persekutuan dan sekurang-kurangnya seorang daripada ibu bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara atau bermastautin secara tetap di Persekutuan; dan
(b) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di luar Persekutuan yang bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan sama ada telah lahir di Persekutuan atau pada masa kelahiran itu berada dalam perkhidmatan Persekutuan atau perkhidmatan sesuatu Negeri; dan
(c) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di luar Persekutuan yang bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan dalam masa satu tahun selepas kelahiran itu berlaku atau dalam masa apa-apa tempoh yang lebih lanjut sebagaimana yang dibenarkan oleh Kerajaan Persekutuan dalam mana-mana hal tertentu, kelahiran itu didaftarkan di suatu konsulat Persekutuan atau, jika kelahiran itu berlaku di Brunei atau di sesuatu wilayah yang ditetapkan bagi maksud ini melalui perintah Yang di-Pertuan Agong, didaftarkan dengan Kerajaan Persekutuan; dan
(d) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Singapura dan sekurang-kurangnya seorang daripada ibu bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan orang itu pada masa dia lahir tidak menjadi warganegara selain menurut kuasa perenggan ini; dan
(e) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Persekutuan dan pada masa dia lahir tidak menjadi warganegara mana-mana negara selain menurut kuasa perenggan ini.
… (Jadual Kedua, Bahagian II, [Perkara 14(1)(b)])
Citizenship and Nationality
Viet Nam
- EnglishThe President has the following tasks and powers:
…
4. ... to decide to permit naturalization in Vietnam, renunciation of Vietnamese citizenship, restoration of Vietnamese citizenship or deprivation of Vietnamese citizenship;
... (Art. 88) - VietnameseChủ tịch nước có những nhiệm vụ và quyền hạn sau đây:
…
4. ... quyết định cho nhập quốc tịch, thôi quốc tịch, trở lại quốc tịch hoặc tước quốc tịch Việt Nam;
… (Điều 88)