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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make provision -
(a) …
(v) for the extraction from the lists and declaration of names of the candidates who have been elected, and for such provision for extraction to take into account the proportion that women form of the electorate;
…
(b) …
(iii) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s list and in all party’s lists taken together;
(iv) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s lists for geographical constituencies taken individually or together;
(v) for the maximum percentage or the number of geographical constituencies a party can contest in which its lists contain no female candidate.
… (Art. 160)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
(4) In the composition of the Government, women shall be fairly represented.
… (Sec. 214)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
The unconditional equality of all Nicaraguans in the enjoyment of political rights[,] is established; in the exercise of them and in the fulfillment of their duties and responsibilities, [there] exists absolute equality between the man and the woman.
It is the obligation of the State to eliminate the obstacles that impede the actuality [hecho] of equality among Nicaraguans and their effective participation in the political, economic and social life of the country. (Art. 48) - Spanish
Se establece la igualdad incondicional de todos los nicaragüenses en el goce de sus derechos políticos; en el ejercicio de los mismos y en el cumplimiento de sus deberes y responsabilidades, existe igualdad absoluta entre el hombre y la mujer.
Es obligación del Estado eliminar los obstáculos que impidan de hecho la igualdad entre los nicaragüenses y su participación efectiva en la vida política, económica y social del país. (Art. 48)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
The law establishes the rules concerning:
…
- the promotion of gender;
… (Art. 101) - French
La loi fixe les règles concernant:
…
- la promotion du genre;
… (Art. 101)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishParliament shall enact legislation to promote the representation in Parliament of—
(a) women;
(b) persons with disabilities;
(c) youth;
(d) ethnic and other minorities; and
(e) marginalised communities. (Art. 100) - SwahiliBunge litatunga sheria ili kuimarisha uwakilishi Bungeni wa—
(a) wanawake;
(b) watu wenye ulemavu;
(c) vijana;
(d) kabila na watu wengine wenye uwakilishi mdogo katika jamii; na
(e) jamii zilizotengwa. (Kifungu cha 100)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) The State shall endeavour to ensure equality of opportunity to all citizens.
(2) The State shall adopt effective measures to remove social and economic inequality between man and man and to ensure the equitable distribution of wealth among citizens, and of opportunities in order to attain a uniform level of economic development throughout the Republic.
(3) The State Shall endeavour to ensure equality of opportunity and participation of women in all spheres of national life. (Art. 19) - Bengali(১) সকল নাগরিকের জন্য সুযোগের সমতা নিশ্চিত করিতে রাষ্ট্র সচেষ্ট হইবেন৷
(২) মানুষে মানুষে সামাজিক ও অর্থনৈতিক অসাম্য বিলোপ করিবার জন্য, নাগরিকদের মধ্যে সম্পদের সুষম বন্টন নিশ্চিত করিবার জন্য এবং প্রজাতন্ত্রের সর্বত্র অর্থনৈতিক উন্নয়নের সমান স্তর অর্জনের উদ্দেশ্যে সুষম সুযোগ-সুবিধাদান নিশ্চিত করিবার জন্য রাষ্ট্র কার্যকর ব্যবস্থা গ্রহণ করিবেন৷
(৩) জাতীয় জীবনের সর্বস্তরে মহিলাদের অংশগ্রহণ ও সুযোগের সমতা রাষ্ট্র নিশ্চিত করিবেন। (অনুচ্ছেদ ১৯)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe State assures to all equality before the law without distinction of origin, of race, of sex, of religion, of political opinion or of social position.
It has the duty to see to the elimination of all the forms of discrimination with regard to women and to assure the protection of their rights in all the domains of private and public life. (Art. 14) - Arabicتضمن الدولة المساواة للجميع دون تمييز على أساس الأصل، العنصر، النوع الاجتماعي، الدين، الرأي السياسي أو المركز الاجتماعي. ومن مهامها الحرص على القضاء على جميع أشكال التمييز ضد المرأة وضمان
حماية حقوقها في جميع مجالات الحياة الخاصة والعامة. (المادة 14) - FrenchL'Etat assure à tous l'égalité devant la loi sans distinction d'origine, de race, de sexe, de religion, d'opinion politique ou de position sociale.
Il a le devoir de veiller à l'élimination de toutes les formes de discrimination à l'égard de la femme et d'assurer la protection de ses droits dans tous les domaines de la vie privée et publique. (Art. 14)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
The Constitutional Council is an entity whose sole purpose is to discuss and approve a proposed text for a new Constitution, in accordance with the procedure set forth in this section. Its members will be elected by popular vote, and their composition will be gender-balanced.
...
2. ... The list of a political party or electoral coalition must indicate the order of precedence that the candidates will have on the ballot for each senatorial constituency, starting with a woman and alternating subsequently between men and women. In each senatorial constituency, the lists or electoral coalitions must always declare an even number of candidates, consisting of an equal number of women and men.
...
3. The following rules shall be followed for the distribution and allocation of seats in the Constitutional Council:
a) The electoral system for the Constitutional Council shall aim to achieve equitable representation of women and men, understood as 25 women and 25 men.
... (Art. 144) - Spanish
...
El Consejo Constitucional es un órgano que tiene por único objeto discutir y aprobar una propuesta de texto de nueva Constitución, de acuerdo al procedimiento fijado en el presente epígrafe. Sus integrantes serán electos en votación popular y su conformación será paritaria.
...
2. ...
La lista de un partido político o pactos electorales deberán señalar el orden de precedencia que tendrán los candidatos en la cédula para cada circunscripción senatorial, comenzando por una mujer y alternándose, sucesivamente, éstas con hombres.
En cada circunscripción senatorial, las listas o pactos electorales deberán declarar siempre un número par de candidatos, integrados por el mismo número de mujeres y hombres.
...
3. Para la distribución y asignación de escaños del Consejo Constitucional se seguirán las siguientes reglas:
a) El sistema electoral para el Consejo Constitucional se orientará a conseguir una representación equitativa de mujeres y hombres, entendiéndose esto como 25 mujeres y 25 hombres.
... (Art. 144)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
6. There shall be a substantial representation of women in the Judiciary having regard to competence, integrity, credibility and impartiality.
… (Art. 122)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishFor multi-person elections, the law shall establish an electoral system in line with the principles of proportionality, equality of vote, equity, parity and rotation of power between women and men and shall determine the voting precincts inside and outside the country. (Art. 116)
- SpanishPara las elecciones pluripersonales, la ley establecerá un sistema electoral conforme a los principios de proporcionalidad, igualdad del voto, equidad, paridad y alternabilidad entre mujeres y hombres; y determinará las circunscripciones electorales dentro y fuera del país. (Art. 116)