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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEvery Tongan subject of twenty-one years of age or more who is not a noble, is not insane or imbecile and is not disabled by the twenty-third clause shall, if registered as an elector, be entitled to vote in an election for representatives of the people to the Legislative Assembly and on the day appointed for election shall be exempt from summons for debt. A person resident outside of Tonga who is qualified to be an elector may vote at an election only if he is registered as an elector and present in Tonga for the election. (Clause 64)
- TonganKo e taha Tonga kotoa pe kuo kakato hono ta‘u uofulu ma taha pe lahi ange ‘oku ‘ikai ko ha nopele, ‘oku ‘ikai faha pe vale pea ‘oku ‘ikai fakatapui ia ‘e hono uofulu ma tolu ‘o e kupu, kapau kuo lesisita ko ha taha fili, ‘oku pau ke ngofua ke ne kau ‘i he fili ‘o e kau fakafofonga ‘o e kakai ki he Fale Alea, pea ‘i he ‘aho kuo tu‘utu‘uni ke fai ai ‘a e fili kuo pau ke faka‘ata ia mei hano faka‘ilo ko e ‘uhi ko ha mo‘ua. Ko ha taha ‘oku ‘ikai nofo ‘i Tonga ‘a ia ‘oku ngofua ke hoko ko e taha fili ‘e ngofua ke fili ‘i ha fili ‘o kapau pe ‘oku ‘osi lesisita ko e taha fili pea ‘oku lolotonga ‘i Tonga ki he fili. (Kupu 64)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll Salvadorans [that are] older than eighteen years of age are citizens. (Art. 71)
- SpanishSon ciudadanos todos los salvadoreños mayores de dieciocho años. (Art. 71)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll Haitians, regardless of sex or marital status, who have attained twenty-one years of age may exercise their political and civil rights if the meet the other conditions prescribed by the Constitution and by law. (Art. 17)
- FrenchLes haïtiens sans distinction de sexe et d'état civil, âgé de dix-huit (18) ans accomplis, peuvent exercer leurs droits civils et politiques s'ils réunissent les autres conditions prévues par la Constitution et par la loi. (Art. 17)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe woman has the same rights as the man.
The law guarantees parity and assures the promotion as well as the representativeness of women in all political, elective and administrative functions. (Art. 17) - FrenchLa femme a les mêmes droits que l’homme.
La loi garantit la parité et assure la promotion ainsi que la représentativité de la femme à toutes les fonctions politiques, électives et administratives. (Art. 17)
Political Rights and Association
- English
Citizens have [the] right to participate in public matters by means of referendum; legislative initiative; removal or revocation of authorities and [the] demand of rendition of accounts. They also have the right to be elected and to freely elect their representatives, in accordance with the conditions and procedures determined by organic law.
It is [a] right and duty of residents [vecinos] to participate in the municipal government of their jurisdiction. The law [establishes] norms and promotes the direct and indirect mechanisms of their participation. The citizen in enjoyment of his civil capacity has the right to vote. For the exercise of this right, to be inscribed in the corresponding register is required.
The vote is personal, equal, free, secret and obligatory up to the age of seventy years. It is optional after this age.
The law establishes the mechanisms to guarantee State neutrality during the electoral processes and the citizen participation.
Any act that prohibits or limits [the] citizen [in] the exercise of these rights is null and punishable. (Art. 31) - Spanish
Los ciudadanos tienen derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos mediante referéndum; iniciativa legislativa; remoción o revocación de autoridades y demanda de rendición de cuentas. Tienen también el derecho de ser elegidos y de elegir libremente a sus representantes, de acuerdo con las condiciones y procedimientos determinados por ley orgánica.
Es derecho y deber de los vecinos participar en el gobierno municipal de su jurisdicción. La ley norma y promueve los mecanismos directos e indirectos de su participación.
Tienen derecho al voto los ciudadanos en goce de su capacidad civil. Para el ejercicio de este derecho se requiere estar inscrito en el registro correspondiente.
El voto es personal, igual, libre, secreto y obligatorio hasta los setenta años. Es facultativo después de esa edad.
La ley establece los mecanismos para garantizar la neutralidad estatal durante los procesos electorales y de participación ciudadana.
Es nulo y punible todo acto que prohíba o limite al ciudadano el ejercicio de sus derechos. (Art. 31)
Political Rights and Association
- English
(1) Every person in Tuvalu is entitled, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, religious beliefs or lack of religious beliefs, disability, or sex, to the following fundamental rights and freedoms: -
…
(g) freedom of assembly and association (see section 25);
... (Sec. 11)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
In accordance with the conditions determined by law, electors are Monegasque citizens of either gender, at least eighteen years old, with the exception of those deprived of the right to vote for any of the causes set forth by law. (Art. 53) - French…
Sont électeurs, dans les conditions fixées par la loi, les citoyens de nationalité monégasque de l'un ou de l'autre sexe âgés de dix-huit ans au moins, à l'exception de ceux qui sont privés du droit de vote pour l'une des causes prévues par la loi. (Art. 53)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll persons, at all times, in an orderly and peaceable manner, shall have the right to assemble and consult upon the common good, to instruct their representatives, to petition the Government or other functionaries for the redress of grievances and to associate fully with others or refuse to associate in political parties, trade unions and other organizations. (Art. 17)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishWhereas every person in Saint Christopher and Nevis is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms, that is to say, the right, whatever his or her race, place of origin, birth, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely,
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(b) freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association;
… (Sec. 3)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Greeks shall have the right to form non-profit associations and unions, in compliance with the law, which, however, may never subject the exercise of this right to prior permission.
… (Art. 12) - Greek1. Oι Έλληνες έχουν το δικαίωμα να συνιστούν ενώσεις και μη κερδοσκοπικά σωματεία, τηρώντας τους νόμους, που ποτέ όμως δεν μπορούν να εξαρτήσουν την άσκηση του δικαιώματος αυτού από προηγούμενη άδεια.
… ('Αρθρο 12)