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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
United Arab Emirates
- EnglishThe citizens of the UAE shall have a single nationality specified by law and shall enjoy abroad the protection of the Federal Government in accordance with the generally-accepted international principles.
A citizen’s nationality may not be divested or withdrawn except as may be provided in law. (Art. 8) - Arabicيكون لمواطني الاتحاد جنسية واحدة يحددها القانون، ويتمتعون في الخارج بحماية حكومة الاتحاد وفقا للأصول الدولية المرعية
لا يجوز إسقاط الجنسية عن المواطن، أﻭ ﺳﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ، اﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ التي ينص عليها القانون (المادّة 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) Any citizen of Singapore of or over the age of 21 years and of sound mind who is also or is about to become a citizen of another country may renounce his citizenship of Singapore by declaration registered by the Government, and shall upon such registration cease to be a citizen of Singapore.
(2) The Government may withhold the registration of a declaration under this Article —
(a) if the declaration is made during any war in which Singapore is engaged; or
(b) if the declaration is made by a person subject to the Enlistment Act (Cap. 93) unless he has —
(i) discharged his liability for full-time service under section 12 of that Act;
(ii) rendered at least 3 years of operationally ready national service under section 13 of that Act in lieu of such full-time service; or
(iii) complied with such conditions as may be determined by the Government.
(3) This Article applies to a woman under the age of 21 years who has been married as it applies to a person of or over that age. (Art. 128)
Citizenship and Nationality
Kazakhstan
- English1. Citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan shall be acquired and terminated, as prescribed by law and shall be indivisible and equal regardless of the grounds of its acquisition.
2. A citizen of the Republic shall not be deprived of citizenship, the right to change such citizenship, and also may not be expelled from Kazakhstan. Deprivation of citizenship is allowed only by a court decision for the commission of terrorist crimes, as well as for causing other grave harm to the vital interests of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
3. Foreign citizenship of a citizen of the Republic shall not be recognized. (Art. 10) - Kazak1. Қазақстан Республикасының азаматтығы заңға сәйкес алынады және тоқтатылады, ол қандай негізде алынғанына қарамастан, бірыңғай және тең болып табылады.
2. Республиканың азаматын азаматтығынан, өзінің азаматтығын өзгерту құқығынан айыруға, сондай-ақ оны Қазақстаннан тыс жерлерге аластауға болмайды. Азаматтықтан айыруға террористік қылмыстар жасағаны, сондай-ақ Қазақстан Республикасының өмірлік маңызы бар мүдделеріне өзге де ауыр зиян келтіргені үшін соттың шешімімен ғана жол беріледі.
3. Республика азаматының басқа мемлекеттің азаматтығында болуы танылмайды. (10-бап)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishNo person shall be a citizen of India by virtue of article 5, or be deemed to be a citizen of India by virtue of article 6 or article 8, if he has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of any foreign State. (Art. 9)
- Hindiयदि किसी व्यक्ति ने किसी विदेशी राज्य की नागरिकता स्वेच्छा से अर्जित कर ली है तो वह अनुच्छेद 5 के आधार पर भारत का नागरिक नहीं होगा अथवा अनुच्छेद 6 या अनुच्छेद 8 के आधार पर भारत का नागरिक नहीं समझा जाएगा। (अनुच्छेद 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English(1) Subject to Clause (9), the Federal Government may, upon application made by any person of or over the age of twenty-one years who is not a citizen, grant a certificate of naturalization to that person if satisfied—
(a) that—
(i) he has resided in the Federation for the required periods and intends, if the certificate is granted, to do so permanently;
(ii) (repealed);
(b) that he is of good character; and
(c) that he has an adequate knowledge of the Malay language.
… (Art. 19) - Malay(1) Tertakluk kepada Fasal (9), apabila permohonan dibuat oleh mana-mana orang yang berumur dua puluh satu tahun atau lebih yang bukan warganegara, maka Kerajaan Persekutuan boleh memberi orang itu suatu perakuan naturalisasi jika Kerajaan Persekutuan berpuas hati—
(a) bahawa—
(i) dia telah bermastautin di Persekutuan selama tempoh yang dikehendaki dan berniat hendak berbuat demikian secara tetap jika diberi perakuan itu;
(ii) (Dimansuhkan);
(b) bahawa dia berkelakuan baik; dan
(c) bahawa dia mempunyai pengetahuan yang memadai dalam bahasa Melayu.
… (Perkara 19)
Citizenship and Nationality
Pakistan
- English…
4. Nationality, citizenship and naturalisation.
… (Fourth Schedule, Federal Legislative List, Part I) - Urdu…
(۴) قومیت، شہریت اور عطائے حقوق شہریت۔
…(جدول چہارم، وفاقی قانون کی فہرست، حصہ اول)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English...
6. Any notice to be given by the Minister to any person under Article 133(1) may be sent to that person at his last known address or, in the case of a person under the age of 18 years (not being a married woman) to his parent or guardian at the last known address of the parent or guardian; and if an address at which the notice may be sent to any person under this paragraph is not known and cannot after reasonable inquiry be ascertained, the notice may be given by publication in the Gazette.
…
15. (1) For the purposes of Part X, references to a person’s father or to his parent or to one of his parents shall, in relation to a person who is illegitimate, be construed as references to his mother.
… (Third Schedule)
Citizenship and Nationality
Kyrgyzstan
- English...
2. No one may be deprived of his/her citizenship and denied the right to change his/her citizenship otherwhise than in cases and according to procedures established by the constitutional law. Persons who are citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic shall enjoy recognition of affiliation to the citizenship of another state in accordance with the law and international treaties to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party.
3. The Kyrgyz people residing outside the Kyrgyz Republic shall have the right, regardless of their citizenship of another State, to acquire citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic under a simplified procedure.
The procedure and conditions for granting citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic shall be defined by law.
… (Art. 50) - Russian...
2. Ни один гражданин не может быть лишен своего гражданства и права изменить свое гражданство иначе, как в случаях и порядке, установленных конституционным законом. За лицами, являющимися гражданами Кыргызской Республики, признается принадлежность к гражданству другого государства в соответствии с законами и международными договорами, участницей которых является Кыргызская Республика.
3. Кыргызы, проживающие за пределами Кыргызской Республики, вне зависимости от наличия гражданства другого государства, вправе получить гражданство Кыргызской Республики в упрощенном порядке.
Порядок и условия предоставления гражданства Кыргызской Республики определяются законом.
... (Статья 50) - Kyrgyz...
2. Бир дагы жаран конституциялык мыйзамда белгиленген учурлардан жана тартиптен тышкары өзүнүн жарандыгынан жана өзүнүн жарандыгын өзгөртүү укугунан ажыратылышы мүмкүн эмес. Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандары болуп эсептелген адамдардын мыйзамдарга жана Кыргыз Республикасы катышуучу болуп саналган эл аралык келишимдерге ылайык башка мамлекеттин жарандыгына тийиштүүлүгү да таанылат.
3. Кыргыз Республикасынын чегинен тышкары жашаган кыргыздар башка мамлекеттин жараны болгондугуна карабастан жөнөкөйлөштүрүлгөн тартипте Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандыгын алууга укуктуу.
Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандыгын берүүнүн тартиби жана шарты мыйзам менен аныкталат.
… (50-берене)
Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English(1) For the purposes of the foregoing provisions of this Chapter—4
…
(b) a woman who before that day became a federal citizen or a citizen of the Federation by registration as a citizen, or in consequence of her registration as the subject of a Ruler, under any provision of the said Agreement or of any State law authorizing the registration of women married to citizens of the Federation or to subjects of the Ruler shall be treated as a citizen by registration under Clause (1) of Article 15;
… (Art. 28) - Malay(1) Bagi maksud peruntukan yang terdahulu dalam Bab ini—
…
(b) seseorang perempuan yang sebelum Hari Merdeka menjadi warganegara persekutuan atau warganegara bagi Persekutuan melalui pendaftaran sebagai warganegara, atau berikutan dengan pendaftarannya sebagai rakyat seseorang Raja, di bawah mana-mana peruntukan Perjanjian tersebut atau mana-mana peruntukan mana-mana undang-undang Negeri yang membenarkan pendaftaran perempuan yang berkahwin dengan warganegara bagi Persekutuan atau dengan rakyat Raja hendaklah dikira sebagai warganegara melalui pendaftaran di bawah Fasal (1) Perkara 15;
… (Perkara 28)
Citizenship and Nationality
Bahrain
- Englisha. Bahraini nationality shall be determined by law. A person inherently enjoying his Bahraini nationality cannot be stripped of his nationality except in case of treason, and such other cases as prescribed by law.
... (Art. 17) - Arabicأ - الجنسية البحرينية يحددها القانون، ولا يجوز إسقاطها عمّن يتمتّع بها إلا في حالة الخيانة العظمى، والأحوال الأخرى التي يحددها القانون.
... (المادّة 17)