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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishIn order to redress the unjust and unfair pattern of land ownership that was brought about by colonialism, and to bring about land reform and the equitable access by all Zimbabweans to the country’s natural resources, policies regarding agricultural land must be guided by the following principles—
(a) land is a finite natural resource that forms part of Zimbabweans’ common heritage;
(b) subject to section 72, every Zimbabwean citizen has a right to acquire, hold, occupy, use, transfer, hypothecate, lease or dispose of agricultural land regardless of his or her race or colour;
(c) the allocation and distribution of agricultural land must be fair and equitable, having regard to gender balance and diverse community interests;
(d) the land tenure system must promote increased productivity and investment by Zimbabweans in agricultural land;
(e) the use of agricultural land should promote food security, good health and nutrition and generate employment, while protecting and conserving the environment for future generations;
(f) no person may be deprived arbitrarily of their right to use and occupy agricultural land. (Sec. 289)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe people shall own or control the instruments and means of production and distribution, and with this end in view ownership shall assume the following forms –
…
(b) co operative ownership, that is ownership by co operatives on behalf of their members within such limits as may be prescribed by law; and
(c) private ownership, that is ownership by individuals within such limits as may be prescribed by law. (Art. 13) - Bengaliউৎপাদনযন্ত্র, উৎপাদনব্যবস্থা ও বন্টনপ্রণালীসমূহের মালিক বা নিয়ন্ত্রক হইবেন জনগণ এবং এই উদ্দেশ্যে মালিকানা-ব্যবস্থা নিম্নরূপ হইবে:
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(খ) সমবায়ী মালিকানা, অর্থাৎ আইনের দ্বারা নির্ধারিত সীমার মধ্যে সমবায়সমূহের সদস্যদের পক্ষে সমবায়সমূহের মালিকানা; এবং
(গ) ব্যক্তিগত মালিকানা, অর্থাৎ আইনের দ্বারা নির্ধারিত সীমার মধ্যে ব্যক্তির মালিকানা৷ (অনুচ্ছেদ ১৩)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishNational reform in various areas shall be carried out to at least achieve the following results:
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g. Other Areas:
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2. ensuring a fair distribution of land holding, as well as an examination of ownership and holding of land throughout the country with a view to systemically solving the problems of land ownership and possessory rights;
... (Sec. 258) - Thaiให้ดําเนินการปฏิรูปประเทศอย่างน้อยในด้านต่างๆ ให้เกิดผลดังต่อไปนี้
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ช. ด้านอื่นๆ
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(๒) จัดให้มีการกระจายการถือครองที่ดินอย่างเป็นธรรม รวมทั้งการตรวจสอบกรรมสิทธิ์และการถือครองที่ดินทั้งประเทศ เพื่อแก้ไขปัญหากรรมสิทธิ์และสิทธิครอบครองที่ดินอย่างเป็นระบบ
... (มาตรา ๒๕๘)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
The law establishes the rules concerning:
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- … the state and capacity of persons, the matrimonial regimes;
- inheritance and gifts;
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The law determines the fundamental principles:
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- of the regime of property, of the rights of real property and of civil and commercial obligations;
… (Art. 101) - French
La loi fixe les règles concernant:
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- … l’état et la capacité des personnes, les régimes matrimoniaux;
- les successions et les libéralités;
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La loi détermine les principes fondamentaux:
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- du régime de la propriété, des droits réels et des obligations civiles et commerciales;
… (Art. 101)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishWhereas every person in Belize is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
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(c) protection for his family life, his personal privacy, the privacy of his home and other property and recognition of his human dignity;
… (Sec. 3)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
1. The economic system of the Republic of Albania is based on private and public property, as well as on a market economy and on freedom of economic activity.
2. Private and public property are equally protected by law.
… (Art. 11) - Albanian
1. Sistemi ekonomik i Republikës së Shqipërisë bazohet në pronën private e publike, si dhe në ekonominë e tregut dhe në lirinë e veprimtarisë ekonomike.
2. Prona private dhe publike mbrohen njëlloj me ligj.
… (Neni 11)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe rights of property and of succession are guaranteed.
… (Art. 23) - FrenchLes droits de propriété et de succession sont garantis.
… (Art. 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishBeneficiaries of distribution of rural land under the agrarian reform shall receive deeds of title or concessions of use that are nonnegotiable for a period of ten years.
SOLE PARAGRAPH
Deeds of title and concessions of use shall be granted to the man or woman, or to both, irrespective of their marital status, pursuant to the terms and conditions provided for by law. (Art. 189) - PortugueseOs beneficiários da distribuição de imóveis rurais pela reforma agrária receberão títulos de domínio ou de concessão de uso, inegociáveis pelo prazo de dez anos.
Parágrafo único. O título de domínio e a concessão de uso serão conferidos ao homem ou à mulher, ou a ambos, independentemente do estado civil, nos termos e condições previstos em lei. (Art. 189)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishSince the right to Property is inviolable and sacred, no one may be deprived thereof,
… (1789 Declaration, Art. 17) - FrenchLa propriété étant un droit inviolable et sacré, nul ne peut en être privé,
… (Déclaration 1789, Art. 17)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms of the individual enshrined in this Chapter13 are hereby declared and guaranteed, namely –
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(c) protection of the privacy of the home and other property rights of the individual;
… (Sec. 14)