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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Philippines
- EnglishSave in cases of hereditary succession, no private lands shall be transferred or conveyed except to individuals, corporations, or associations qualified to acquire or hold lands of the public domain. (Art. XII, Sec. 7)
- FilipinoHindi dapat malipat o masalin ang ano mang pribadong lupain maliban sa pagmamana, at sa mga tao, mga korporasyon o mga asosasyon na may karapatang magtamo o maghawak ng mga lupaing ari ng bayan. (Art. XII, Seksyon 7)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Guinea-Bissau
- English1. The Republic of Guinea-Bissau recognizes the following property titles:
…
c. Private property, which may be established over goods that do not belong to the State.
… (Art. 12) - Portuguese1 - Na República da Guiné-Bissau são reconhecidas as seguintes formas de propriedade:
...
c) A propriedade privada, que incide sobre bens distintos do Estado.
... (Art. 12)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Vanuatu
- EnglishOnly indigenous citizens of the Republic of Vanuatu who have acquired their land in accordance with a recognised system of land tenure shall have perpetual ownership of their land. (Art. 75)
- FrenchSeuls les citoyens indigènes de la République ayant acquis leur terre selon un système reconnu de tenure foncière jouissent des droits de propriété perpétuelle sur celle-ci. (Art. 75)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Ecuador
- EnglishAncestral, indigenous, Afro-Ecuadorian and coastal back-country (montubios) peoples can establish territorial districts for the preservation of their culture. The law shall regulate their establishment.
Communities (comunas) that have collective land ownership are recognized as an ancestral form of territorial organization. (Art. 60) - SpanishLos pueblos ancestrales, indígenas, afroecuatorianos y montubios podrán constituir circunscripciones territoriales para la preservación de su cultura. La ley regulará su conformación.
Se reconoce a las comunas que tienen propiedad colectiva de la tierra, como una forma ancestral de organización territorial. (Art. 60)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Tajikistan
- EnglishEveryone shall have the right to ownership and inheritance. … (Art. 32)
- RussianКаждый имеет право на собственность и право наследования. ... (Статья 32)
- TajikҲар кас ҳақ дорад соҳиби моликият ва мерос бошад. ... (Моддаи 32)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Liberia
- Englisha. The property which a person possesses at the time of marriage or which may afterwards be acquired as a result of one’s own labors shall not be held for or otherwise applied to the liquidation of the debts or other obligations of the spouse, whether contracted before or after marriage; nor shall the property which by law is to be secured to a man or a woman be alienated or be controlled by that person’s spouse save by free and voluntary consent.
b. The Legislature shall enact laws to govern the devolution of estates and establish rights of inheritance and descent for spouses of both statutory and customary marriages so as to give adequate protection to surviving spouses and children of such marriages. (Art. 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Botswana
- EnglishWhereas every person in Botswana is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his or her race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest to each and all of the following, namely-
...
(c) protection for the privacy of his or her home and other property and from deprivation of property without compensation,
... (Sec. 3)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Guyana
- EnglishWE, THE GUYANESE PEOPLE,
… proclaim this Constitution in order to:
…
Celebrate our cultural and racial diversity and strengthen our unity by eliminating any and every form of discrimination;
Value the special place in our nation of the Indigenous Peoples and recognize their right as citizens to land and security and to their promulgation of policies for their communities;
… (Preamble)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Viet Nam
- English1. Everyone has the right to ownership of his or her lawful income, savings, housing, chattels, means of production and capital contributions to enterprises or other economic entities.
2. The right to private ownership and the right to inheritance shall be protected by law.
… (Art. 32) - Vietnamese1. Mọi người có quyền sở hữu về thu nhập hợp pháp, của cải để dành, nhà ở, tư liệu sinh hoạt, tư liệu sản xuất, phần vốn góp trong doanh nghiệp hoặc trong các tổ chức kinh tế khác.
2. Quyền sở hữu tư nhân và quyền thừa kế được pháp luật bảo hộ.
… (Điều 32)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Mauritius
- English1. Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
3. In this section, 'discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, caste, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages that are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision
…
c. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law applicable to persons of that description.
… (Sec. 16)