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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishIn as much as it is not contrary to the Constitution, the citizens may organize themselves along political, professional and union lines. They have the right to form associations in scientific, cultural, social and national unions in a way that serves the goals of the Constitution. The state shall guarantee these rights, and shall take the necessary measures to enable citizens to exercise them. The state shall guarantee freedom for the political, trade, cultural, scientific and social organizations. (Art. 58)
- Arabicللمواطنين في عموم الجمهورية - بما لا يتعارض مع نصوص الدستور- الحق في تنظيم أنفسهم سياسياً ومهنياً ونقابياً والحق في تكوين المنظمات العلمية والثقافية والاجتماعية والاتحادات الوطنية بما يخدم أهداف الدستور، وتضمن الدولة هذا الحق، كما تتخذ جميع الوسائل الضرورية التي تمكن المواطنين من ممارسته، وتضمن كافة الحريات للمؤسسات والمنظمات السياسية والنقابية والثقافية والعلمية والاجتماعية. (المادّة 58)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll persons who, on the date of an election, are 18 years of age or older and have Icelandic nationality have the right to vote in elections to Althingi. Permanent domicile in Iceland, on the date of an election, is also a requirement for voting, unless exceptions from this rule are stipulated in the law on elections to Althingi.
… (Art. 33) - IcelandicKosningarrétt við kosningar til Alþingis hafa allir sem eru 18 ára eða eldri þegar kosning fer fram og hafa íslenskan ríkisborgararétt. Lögheimili á Íslandi, þegar kosning fer fram, er einnig skilyrði kosningarréttar, nema undantekningar frá þeirri reglu verði ákveðnar í lögum um kosningar til Alþingis.
… (33. gr.)
Political Rights and Association
- English
The Nicaraguans who have completed 16 years of age are citizens.
Only citizens enjoy the political rights consigned in the Constitution and in the laws, without greater limitations than those that are established for reasons of age.
... (Art. 47) - Spanish
Son ciudadanos los nicaragüenses que hubieran cumplido dieciséis años de edad.
Sólo los ciudadanos gozan de los derechos políticos consignados en la Constitución y las leyes, sin más limitaciones que las que se establezcan por razones de edad.
... (Art. 47)
Political Rights and Association
- English...
(2) It is the responsibility of the public authorities to promote conditions ensuring that freedom and equality of individuals and of the groups to which they belong are real and effective, to remove the obstacles preventing or hindering their full enjoyment, and to facilitate the participation of all citizens in political, economic, cultural and social life.
… (Sec. 9) - Spanish...
2. Corresponde a los poderes públicos promover las condiciones para que la libertad y la igualdad del individuo y de los grupos en que se integra sean reales y efectivas; remover los obstáculos que impidan o dificulten su plenitud y facilitar la participación de todos los ciudadanos en la vida política, económica, cultural y social.
… (Art. 9)
Political Rights and Association
- English
Any person has the right to freely constitute associations, under reserve of conforming themselves to the law.
This same right is recognized for the creation of political parties.
… (Art. 14) - French
Toute personne a le droit de constituer librement des associations sous réserve de se conformer à la loi.
Ce même droit est reconnu pour la création de partis politiques.
… (Art. 14)
Political Rights and Association
- English
1. Every citizen who has attained the age of eighteen, even on the date of the elections, has the right to elect and be elected.
…
4. The vote is personal, equal, free and secret. (Art. 45) - Albanian
1. Çdo shtetas që ka mbushur tetëmbëdhjetë vjeç, qoftë edhe ditën e zgjedhjeve, ka të drejtën të zgjedhë dhe të zgjidhet.
…
4. Vota është vetjake, e barabartë, e lirë dhe e fshehtë. (Neni 45)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Elected organs of sovereignty and of local government shall be chosen by free, direct, secret, personal and regular universal suffrage.
2. Registration of voters shall be compulsory and officially initiated, single and universal, to be up-dated for each election.
3. Electoral campaigns shall be governed in accordance with the following principles:
a) Freedom to canvass;
b) Equality of opportunity and treatment for all candidacies;
c) Impartiality towards candidacies on the part of public bodies;
d) Transparency and supervision of electoral expenses.
4. Conversion of the votes into mandates shall observe the principle of proportional representation;
5. The electoral process shall be regulated by law.
… (Sec. 65) - Tetum1. Órgaun eleitu soberania nian ho podér lokál sei hili tuir eleisaun, hosi eleisaun universál, livre, diretu, sekretu ema ida votu ida, no periódiku.
2. Resenseamentu eleitorál ne’e obrigatóriu, ofisiál no ida de’it no universál no sei atualiza iha eleisaun ida-idak.
3. Kampaña eleitorál hala’o tuir PRINSÍPIU hirak tuirmai ne’e:
a) Liberdade ba propaganda eleitorál;
b) Oportunidade no tratamentu hanesan ba kandidatura hotu-hotu;
c) Imparsialidade na’in ulun boot públiku sira-nian kona-ba kandidatura;
d) Transparénsia no fiskalizasaun sura votu nian.
4. Konversaun votu nian iha mandatu hala’o tuir sistema reprezentasaun proporsionál.
5. Prosesu eleitorál sei regula tuir lei.
… (Art. 65) - Portuguese1. Os órgãos eleitos de soberania e do poder local são escolhidos através de eleições, mediante sufrágio universal, livre, directo, secreto, pessoal e periódico.
2. O recenseamento eleitoral é obrigatório, oficioso, único e universal, sendo actualizado para cada eleição.
3. As campanhas eleitorais regem-se pelos seguintes princípios:
a) Liberdade de propaganda eleitoral;
b) Igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento das diversas candidaturas;
c) Imparcialidade das entidades públicas perante as candidaturas;
d) Transparência e fiscalização das contas eleitorais.
4. A conversão dos votos em mandatos obedece ao sistema de representação proporcional.
5. O processo eleitoral é regulado por lei.
… (Art. 65)
Political Rights and Association
- English
…
Reaffirming our adherence and our attachment to the Conventions of the United Nations on the Rights of the Child and on the Rights of Women, particularly to the objective of the parity of man-woman representation within the institutions of the country as well as to the international instruments concerning the protection and promotion of human rights;
… (Preamble)8 - French
…
Réaffirmant notre adhésion et notre attachement à la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l’Homme, à la Charte Africaine des Droits de l’Homme et des Peuples, aux Conventions des Nations Unies sur les Droits de l’Enfant et sur les Droits de la Femme, particulièrement à l’objectif de la parité de représentation homme-femme au sein des institutions du pays ainsi qu’aux instruments internationaux relatifs à la protection et à la promotion des droits humains;
… (Préambule)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishIndividuals have the right to address public authorities. (Art. 46)
- Arabicلكل فرد الحق في مخاطبة السلطات العامة. (المادة 46)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
Suffrage may be direct or indirect as provided for by the Constitution. It shall always be universal, equal and secret.
All French citizens of either sex who have reached their majority and are in possession of their civil and political rights may vote as provided for by statute. (1958 Constitution, Art. 3) - French…
Le suffrage peut être direct ou indirect dans les conditions prévues par la Constitution. Il est toujours universel, égal et secret.
Sont électeurs, dans les conditions déterminées par la loi, tous les nationaux français majeurs des deux sexes, jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques. (Constitution 1958, Art. 3)