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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.
(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.
(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.
(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.
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(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category. (Art. 16) - Hindi(1) राज्य के अधीन किसी पद पर नियोजन या नियुक्ति से संबंधित विषयों में सभी नागरिकों के लिए अवसर की समता होगी।
(2) राज्य के अधीन किसी नियोजन या पद के संबंध में केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, लिंग, उद्भव, जन्मस्थान, निवास या इनमें से किसी के आधार पर न तो कोई नागरिक अपात्र होगा और न उससे विभेद किया जाएगा।
(3) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात संसद को कोई ऐसी विधि बनाने से निवारित नहीं करेगी जो किसी राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र की सरकार के या उसमें के किसी स्थानीय या अन्य प्राधिकारी के अधीन वाले किसी वर्ग या वर्गों के पद पर नियोजन या नियुक्ति के संबंध में ऐसे नियोजन या नियुक्ति से पहले उस राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र के भीतर निवास विषयक कोई अपेक्षा विहित करती है।
(4) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को पिछड़े हुए नागरिकों के किसी वर्ग के पक्ष में, जिनका प्रतिनिधित्व राज्य की राय में राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में पर्याप्त नहीं है, नियुक्तियों या पदों के आरक्षण के लिए उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी।
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(6) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को खंड (4) में उल्लिखित वर्गों के अतिरिक्त किन्हीं आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के पक्ष में वर्तमान आरक्षण के अतिरिक्त और प्रत्येक श्रेणी में पदों के अधिकतम दस प्रतिशत के शर्ताधीन नियुक्तियों अथवा पदों में आरक्षण का कोई प्रावधान करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी। (अनुच्छेद 16)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English...
The law determines equally the fundamental principles:
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– of the right to work, of Social Security, [and] of the syndical right;
… (Art. 70) - French...
La loi détermine également les principes fondamentaux :
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• du droit du travail, de la Sécurité Sociale, du droit syndical;
... (Art. 70)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishEveryone may freely choose a job or business, and shall have the right to have proper, safe, and healthy conditions at work, as well as to receive fair pay for work and social security in the event of unemployment.
The work of foreigners in the Republic of Lithuania shall be regulated by law.
Forced labour shall be prohibited.
Military service or alternative service performed instead of military service, as well as work performed by citizens in time of war, natural disaster, epidemics, or other extreme cases, shall not be considered forced labour.
In cases where persons convicted by a court perform work regulated by law, such work shall not be considered forced labour, either. (Art. 48) - LithuanianKiekvienas žmogus gali laisvai pasirinkti darbą bei verslą ir turi teisę turėti tinkamas, saugias ir sveikas darbo sąlygas, gauti teisingą apmokėjimą už darbą ir socialinę apsaugą nedarbo atveju.
Užsieniečių darbą Lietuvos Respublikoje reguliuoja įstatymas.
Priverčiamasis darbas draudžiamas.
Priverčiamuoju darbu nelaikoma tarnyba kariuomenėje ar ją pakeičianti alternatyvioji tarnyba, taip pat piliečių darbas karo, stichinės nelaimės, epidemijos ar kitais ypatingais atvejais.
Priverčiamuoju darbu nelaikomas ir įstatymo reguliuojamas teismo nuteistųjų darbas. (48 straipsnis)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishEvery employee of a private or public institution is entitled to a fair wage, to rest, to a paid annual vacation and to a bonus. (Art. 35-1)
- FrenchTout employé d'une institution privée ou publique a droit à un juste salaire, au repos, au congé annuel payé et au bonus. (Art. 35.1)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) Every person shall have freedom to choose and change his residence and to choose his occupation to the extent that it does not interfere with the public welfare.
… (Art. 22) - Japanese1 何人も、公共の福祉に反しない限り、居住、移転及び職業選択の自由を有する。
… (第22条)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English…
34. Labour, including trade unions, industrial relations; conditions, safety and welfare of labour; industrial disputes; prescribing a national minimum wage for the Federation or any part thereof; and industrial arbitration.
… (Second Schedule – Legislative Powers, Part I – Exclusive Legislative List)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishEveryone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, protection at work and material assistance during temporary unemployment. Every job is open to all under equal conditions. Every employee has a right to appropriate remuneration. Every employee has the right to paid daily, weekly and annual leave. Employees cannot waive this right. The exercise of the rights of employees and their position are regulated by law and collective agreements. (Art. 32)
- MacedonianСекој има право на работа, слободен избор на вработување, заштита при работењето и материјална обезбеденост за време на привремена невработеност. Секому, под еднакви услови, му е достапно секое работно место. Секој вработен има право на соодветна заработувачка. Секој вработен има право на платен дневен, неделен и годишен одмор. Oд овие права вработените не можат да се откажат. Остварувањето на правата на вработените и нивната положба се уредуваат со закон и со колективни договори. (Член 32)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English
The workers have the right to conditions of work that assure to them[,] especially:
1. Equal pay [salario] for equal work in identical conditions, adequate to their social responsibility, without discrimination for political, religious, [or] social reasons, [reasons] of sex or of any other type [clase], that assures to them a well being compatible with human dignity.
2. To be remunerated in legal tender at their place [centro] of work.
3. The minimum wage and social security payments [are] not attachable, except for protection of their [su] family and in the terms that the law establishes.
4. Conditions of work that guarantee to them physical integrity, health, hygiene and the minimization of occupational [profesionales] risks to make effective the occupational [ocupacional] security of the worker.
5. A work day of eight hours, weekly rest, vacations, remuneration for national holidays and a thirteenth month bonus [salario] in accordance with the law.
6. Stability in the job in accordance with the law[,] and equal opportunity to be promoted [promovido], without greater limitations than the factors of time [tiempo], service, capacity, efficiency and responsibility.
7. Social security for integral protection and measures of subsistence in cases of disability, age, occupational risks, illness or maternity, and to their relations in cases of death, in the form and conditions that the law determines. (Art. 82) - Spanish
Los trabajadores tienen derecho a condiciones de trabajo que les aseguren en especial:
1) Salario igual por trabajo igual en idénticas condiciones, adecuado a su responsabilidad social, sin discriminaciones por razones políticas, religiosas, sociales, de sexo o de cualquier otra clase, que les asegure un bienestar compatible con la dignidad humana.
2) Ser remunerado en moneda de curso legal en su centro de trabajo.
3) La inembargabilidad del salario mínimo y las prestaciones sociales, excepto para protección de su familia y en los términos que establezca la ley.
4) Condiciones de trabajo que les garanticen la integridad física, la salud, la higiene y la disminución de los riesgos profesionales para hacer efectiva la seguridad ocupacional del trabajador.
5) Jornada laboral de ocho horas, descanso semanal, vacaciones, remuneración por los días feriados nacionales y salario por décimo tercer mes de conformidad con la ley.
6) Estabilidad en el trabajo conforme a la ley e igual oportunidad de ser promovido, sin más limitaciones que los factores de tiempo, servicio, capacidad, eficiencia y responsabilidad.
7) Seguridad social para protección integral y medios de subsistencia en casos de invalidez, vejez, riesgos profesionales, enfermedad y maternidad; y a sus familiares en casos de muerte, en la forma y condiciones que determine la ley. (Art. 82)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English...
2. Everyone shall have the right to economic freedom and free use of his/her abilities and property for any economic activity not prohibited by law.
3. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of labor, the use of his/her their abilities for work and choice of profession and occupation, labor protection and labor arrangements meeting safety and hygienic requirements as well as the right to remuneration for labor not less than minimum subsistence level. (Art. 42) - Russian...
2. Каждый имеет право на экономическую свободу, свободное использование своих способностей и своего имущества для любой экономической деятельности, не запрещенной законом.
3. Каждый имеет право на свободу труда, распоряжаться своими способностями к труду, на выбор профессии и рода занятий, охрану и условия труда, отвечающие требованиям безопасности и гигиены, а также право на вознаграждение за труд не ниже установленного законом прожиточного минимума. (Статья 42) - Kyrgyz...
2. Ар ким экономикалык эркиндикке ээ, өз жөндөмдүүлүгү менен мүлкүн мыйзамда тыюу салынбаган ар кандай экономикалык ишмердүүлүк үчүн эркин колдонууга укуктуу.
3. Ар ким эркин эмгектенүүгө, эмгекке жөндөмдүүлүгүн пайдаланууга, кесибин жана иштин түрүн тандоого, коопсуздуктун жана гигиенанын талаптарына жооп берген эмгектик коргоого жана эмгек шарттарына укуктуу, ошондой эле мыйзам менен белгиленген жашоо минимумунан төмөн болбогон эмгек акы алуу укугуна ээ. (42-берене)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishEvery citizen has the right to choose their trade, occupation or profession freely. The practice of a trade, occupation or profession may be regulated by law. (Sec. 22)