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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Religious Law
Gabon
- EnglishGabon is an indivisible, secular, democratic and social Republic. It affirms the separation of State and religion and recognizes all beliefs, under the reserve of respect for public order.
… (Art. 2) - FrenchLe Gabon est une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale. Il affirme la séparation de l’Etat et des religions et reconnaît toutes les croyances, sous réserve du respect de l’ordre public.
… (Art. 2)
Religious Law
Nepal
- English…
(3) No woman shall be subjected to physical, mental, sexual, psychological or other form of violence or exploitation on grounds of religion, social, cultural tradition, practice or on any other grounds. Such act shall be punishable by law, and the victim shall have the right to obtain compensation in accordance with law.
… (Art. 38) - Nepali…
(३) महिला विरुद्व धार्मिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक परम्परा, प्रचलन वाअन्य कुनै आधारमा शारीरिक, मानसिक, यौनजन्य, मनोवैज्ञानिक वा अन्यकुनै किसिमको हिंसाजन्य कार्य वा शोषण गरिने छैन । त्यस्तो कार्य कानून बमोजिम दण्डनीय हुनेछ र पीडितलाई कानून बमोजिम क्षतिपूर्ति पाउने हक हुनेछ ।
... (धारा ३८)
Religious Law
Cyprus
- English…
3. Nothing in this Article contained shall, in any way, affect the rights, other than those on marriage, of the Greek-Orthodox Church or of any religious group to which the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 2 shall apply with regard to their respective members as provided in this Constitution. (Art. 22) - Greek…
3. Ουδέν των εν τω παρόντι άρθρω περιλαμβανομένων επηρεάζει καθ’ οιονδήποτε τρόπον τα δικαιώματα, πλην των εις τον γάμον αναφερομένων, της ελληνικής ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας ως προς τους ανήκοντας εις αυτήν ή οιασδήποτε θρησκευτικής ομάδος, δι’ ην εφαρμόζονται αι διατάξεις της τρίτης παραγράφου του άρθρου 2, ως προς τα μέλη αυτής, ως εν τω Συντάγματι ορίζεται. (Αρθρον 22) - Turkish...
3.Bu Maddede yer alan hiçbir şey, rum-ortodoks kilisesinin veya madde 2'nin 3. fıkrası hükümlerinin bu Anayasa'da belirtildiği şekilde ilgili üyelerine göre geçerli olduğu herhangi bir dini grubun evlilik dışındaki haklarını hiçbir şekilde etkilemeyecektir. (Madde 22)
Religious Law
Uganda
- EnglishUganda shall not adopt a State religion. (Art. 7)
Religious Law
Pakistan
- English(1) All existing laws shall be brought in conformity with the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah, in this part17 referred to as the Injunctions of Islam, and no law shall be enacted which is repugnant to such injunctions.
[Explanation.-- In the application of this clause to the personal law of any Muslim sect, the expression “Quran and Sunnah” shall mean the Quran and Sunnah as interpreted by the sect.]
(2) Effect shall be given to the provisions of clause (1) only in the manner provided in this Part.
(3) Nothing in this Part shall affect the personal laws of non-Muslim citizens or their status as citizens. (Art. 227) - Urdu(۱) تمام موجودہ قوانین کو قرآن پاک اور سنت میں منضبط اسلامی احکام کے مطابق بنایا جائے گا، جن کا اس حصہ میں بطور اسلامی احکام حوالہ دیا گيا ہے، اور ایسا کوئی قانون وضع نہیں کیا جائے گا جو مذکورہ احکام کے منافی ہو۔
[تشریح:- کسی مسلم فرقے کے قانون شخصی پر اس شق کا اطلاق کرتے ہوئے، عبارت "قرآن و سنت" سے مراد مذکورہ فرقے کی کی ہوئی توضیح کے مطابق قرآن اور سنت ہو گی۔]
(۲) شق (۱) کے احکام کو صرف اس طریقہ کے مطابق نافذ کیا جائے گا جو اس حصہ میں منضبط ہے۔
(۳) اس حصہ میں کسی امر کا غیر مسلم شہریوں کے قوانین شخصی یا شہریوں کے بطور ان کی حیثیت پر اثر نہیں پڑے گا- (آرٹیکل ۲۲۷)
Religious Law
Kenya
- EnglishThere shall be no State religion. (Art. 8)
- SwahiliHakutakuwa na dini ya serikali. (Kifungu cha 8)
Religious Law
Saudi Arabia
- EnglishOwnership, capital and labour are the fundamentals of the Kingdom's economic and social life. They are private rights that serve a social function in conformity with Islamic Shari'ah. (Basic Law, Art. 17)
- Arabicالملكية ورأس المال والعمل مقومات أساسية في الكيان الاقتصادي والاجتماعي للمملكة وهي حقوق خاصة تؤدي وظيفة اجتماعية وفق الشريعة الإسلامية. (النظام الأساسي، المادّة 17)
Religious Law
Madagascar
- EnglishThe State affirms its neutrality concerning the different religions.
The secularism of the Republic is based on the principle of the separation of the affairs of the State and of the religious institutions and of their representatives.
The State and the religious institutions prohibit themselves from any infringement of their respective domains.
No Head of Institution nor any member of the Government may be part of the directing authority of a religious Institution, under penalty of being relieved by the High Constitutional Court or being removed, of office, from their mandate or their function. (Art. 2) - FrenchL’Etat affirme sa neutralité à l’égard des différentes religions.
La laïcité de la République repose sur le principe de la séparation des affaires de l’Etat et des institutions religieuses et de leurs représentants.
L’Etat et les institutions religieuses s’interdisent toute immixtion dans leurs domaines respectifs.
Aucun Chef d’Institution ni membre de Gouvernement ne peuvent faire partie des instances dirigeantes d’une Institution religieuse, sous peine d’être déchu par la Haute Cour Constitutionnelle ou d’être démis d’office de son mandat ou de sa fonction. (Art. 2)
Religious Law
Morocco
- EnglishThe King, Commander of the Faithful [Amir Al Mouminine], sees to the respect for Islam. He is the Guarantor of the free exercise of beliefs [cultes].
He presides over the Superior Council of the Ulema [Conseil superieur des Oulema], charged with the study of questions that He submits to it.
The Council is the sole instance enabled [habilitee] to comment [prononcer] on the religious consultations (Fatwas) before being officially agreed to, on the questions to which it has been referred [saisi] and this, on the basis of the tolerant principles, precepts and designs of Islam.
The attributions, the composition and the modalities of functioning of the Council are established by Dahir [Royal Decree].
The King exercises by Dahirs the religious prerogatives inherent in the institution of the Emirate of the Faithful [Imarat Al Mouminine] which are conferred on Him in exclusive manner by this Article. (Art. 41) - Arabicالملك، أمير المؤمنين وحامي حمى الملّة والدين، والضامن لحرية ممارسة الشؤون الدينية.
يرأس الملك، أمير المؤمنين، مجلس العلماء الأعلى، الذي يتولّى دراسة القضايا التي يعرضها عليه.
ويعتبر المجلس الجهة الوحيدة المؤهلة لإصدار الفتاوى التي تعتمد رسميا، في شأن المسائل المحالة إليه، استنادا إلى مبادئ وأحكام الدين الإسلامي الحنيف، ومقاصده السمحة.
تحدد اختصاصات المجلس وتأليفه وكيفيات سيره بظهير.
يمارس الملك الصلاحيات الدينية المتعلّقة بإمارة المؤمنين، والمخوّلة له حصريّا، بمقتضى هذا الفصل، بواسطة ظهائر. (الفصل41)
Religious Law
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- English… The State is independent of religion. (Art. 4)
- Spanish… El Estado es independiente de la religión. (Art. 4)