SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Somalia
- English...
2) If a case is presented before a court and the case concerns a constitutional matter, the court may refer the case to the Constitutional Court.
(a) Any court with judicial powers can decide on whether a matter brought before it is a constitutional matter or not, if this will not contradict the exclusive powers of the Constitutional Court, as stipulated in Article 109C of the Constitution;
(b) The Constitutional Court is the final authority in constitutional matters;
(c) The Constitutional Court shall have sole jurisdiction on matters of interpretation of the Constitution which have not arisen out of court litigation;
(d) Any individual or group, or the government may submit a reference application directly to the Constitutional Court on matters concerning the public interest.
… (Art. 109) - Somali...
(2) Maxkamad haddii la horgeeyo dacwad oo ay sharci ahaan dacwadaas quseyso arin Dastuuri ah, maxkamadaasi waxay u celin kartaa dacwadaasi maxkamada Dastuuriga si ay uga gaarto go’aan:
(a) Maxkamad walba oo awood Garsoor lihi wey go’aamin kartaa in arrini la hor keenay ay tahay mid dastuuri ah iyo in kale, mar haddii aanay ka hor imanayn awoodaha gaarka aah ee Maxkamadda Dastuurka sida kuxusan Qodobka 109C ee Dastuurka.
(b) Maxkamadda Dastuurka ayaa ah garsooraha kama danbeysta ah ee arrimaha dastuurka;
(c) Maxkamadda Dastuurka keliya ayaa leh awoodda garsoor ee qeexidda arrimaha dastuurka ee aan ka iman kiisaska maxkamadeed;
(d) Shakhsi ama koox ama dawladdiba si toos ah ayeey ugu gudbin karaan maxkamadd Dastuurka codsi tixraac ah oo la xiriira arrimaha khuseeya danaha dadaweynaha.
… (Qodobka 109aad.)
Jurisdiction and Access
China
- EnglishThe Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress exercises the following functions and powers:
(1) to interpret the Constitution and supervise its enforcement;
...
(7) To annul those administrative rules and regulations, decisions or orders of the State Council that contravene the Constitution or the statutes;
(8) To annul those local regulations or decisions of the organs of state power of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government that contravene the Constitution, the statutes or the administrative rules and regulations;
… (Art. 67) - Chinese全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使下列职权:
(一)解释宪法,监督宪法的实施;
…
(七)撤销国务院制定的同宪法、法律相抵触的行政法规、决定和命令;
(八)撤销省、自治区、直辖市国家权力机关制定的同宪法、法律和行政法规相抵触的地方性法规和决议;
… (第六十七条)
Jurisdiction and Access
France
- EnglishIf, during proceedings in progress before a court of law, it is claimed that a legislative provision infringes the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, the matter may be referred by the Conseil d’État or by the Cour de Cassation to the Constitutional Council which shall rule within a determined period.
… (1958 Constitution, Art. 61-1) - FrenchLorsque, à l'occasion d'une instance en cours devant une juridiction, il est soutenu qu'une disposition législative porte atteinte aux droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, le Conseil constitutionnel peut être saisi de cette question sur renvoi du Conseil d'État ou de la Cour de cassation qui se prononce dans un délai déterminé.
… (Constitution 1958, Art. 61-1)
Jurisdiction and Access
Cameroon
- EnglishThe Constitutional Council shall have jurisdiction in matters pertaining to the Constitution. It shall rule on the constitutionality of laws. It shall be the organ regulating the functioning of the institutions. (Art. 46)
- FrenchLe Conseil Constitutionnel est l’instance compétente en matière constitutionnelle. Il statue sur la constitutionnalité des lois. Il est l’organe régulateur du fonctionnement des institutions. (Art. 46)
Jurisdiction and Access
Zambia
- English…
5. A matter relating to this Constitution shall be heard by the Constitutional Court. (Art. 1)
Jurisdiction and Access
Malta
- English(1) There shall be in and for Malta such Superior Courts having such powers and jurisdiction as may be provided by any law for the time being in force in Malta.
(2) One of the Superior Courts, composed of such three judges as could, in accordance with any law for the time being in force in Malta, compose the Court of Appeal, shall be known as the Constitutional Court and shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine –
(a) such questions as are referred to in article 63 of the Constitution;
(b) any reference made to it in accordance with article 56 of this Constitution and any matter referred to it in accordance with any law relating to the election of members of the House of Representatives;
(c) appeals from decisions of the Civil Court, First Hall, under article 46 of this Constitution;
(d) appeals from decisions of any court of original jurisdiction in Malta as to the interpretation of this Constitution other than those which may fall under article 46 of this Constitution;
(e) appeals from decisions of any court of original jurisdiction in Malta on questions as to the validity of laws other than those which may fall under article 46 of this Constitution; and
(f) any question decided by a court of original jurisdiction in Malta together with any of the questions referred to in the foregoing paragraphs of this sub-article on which an appeal has been made to the Constitutional Court:
Provided that nothing in this paragraph shall preclude an appeal being brought separately before the Court of Appeal in accordance with any law for the time being in force in Malta.
… (Art. 95) - Maltese(1) Għandu jkun hemm f’MaIta u għal Malta dawk il-Qrati Superjuri li jkollhom dawk is-setgħat u ġurisdizzjoni kif ikun provdut b’xi liġi li għal dak iż-żmien tkun isseħħ f’Malta.
(2) Waħda mill-Qrati Superjuri, magħmula minn tlieta mill-imħallfin li jkunu jistgħu, skont xi liġi li għal dak iż-żmien tkun isseħħ f ’Malta, joqgħodu fil-Qorti tal-Appell, għandha tkun magħrufa bħala l-Qorti Kostituzzjonali u jkollha ġurisdizzjoni li tisma’ u tiddeċidi -
(a) dawk il-kwistjonijiet li huma msemmija fl-artikolu 63 tal-Kostituzzjoni;
(b) kull ħaġa riferita lilha skont l-artikolu 56 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni u kull ħaġa riferita lilha skont kull liġi dwar l-elezzjoni tal-membri tal-Kamra tad-Deputati;
(ċ) appelli minn deċiżjonijiet tal-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili skont l-artikolu 46 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni;
(d) appelli minn deċiżjonijiet ta’ xi qorti ta’ ġurisdizzjoni oriġinali f’Malta fuq kwistjonijiet dwar interpretazzjoni ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni li ma jkunux dawk li jistgħu jaqgħu taħt l-artikolu 46 ta’ din il- Kostituzzjoni;
(e) appelli minn deċiżjonijiet ta’ xi qorti ta’ ġurisdizzjoni oriġinali f’Malta fuq kwistjonijiet dwar il-validità ta’ liġijiet li ma jkunux dawk li jistgħu jaqgħu taħt l-artikolu 46 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni; u
(f) kull kwistjoni deċiża minn qorti ta’ ġurisdizzjoni oriġinali f’Malta flimkien ma’ xi waħda mill-kwistjonijiet imsemmija fil-paragrafi ta’ qabel ta’ dan is-subartikolu li minnha jkun sar appell lill-Qorti Kostituzzjonali:
Iżda ebda ħaġa li tinsab f’dan il-paragrafu ma ttellef li appell jinġieb separatament quddiem il-Qorti tal-Appell skont xi liġi li għal dak iż-żmien ikun hemm isseħħ f’Malta.
… (Art. 95)
Jurisdiction and Access
Côte d’Ivoire
- EnglishThe Constitutional Council is a constitutional jurisdiction. It is independent and impartial.
The Constitutional Council is the organ regulating the functioning of public bodies.
The Constitutional Council is the judge of the conformity of the law with the constitutionality block.
The Constitutional Council is the judge of the supervision of the presidential and parliamentary elections. (Art. 126) - FrenchLe Conseil constitutionnel est une juridiction constitutionnelle. Il est indépendant et impartial.
Le Conseil constitutionnel est l'organe régulateur du fonctionnement des pouvoirs publics.
Le Conseil constitutionnel est juge de la conformité de la loi au bloc de constitutionnalité.
Le Conseil constitutionnel est juge du contrôle de l’élection présidentielle et des élections parlementaires. (Art. 126)
Jurisdiction and Access
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The Action for Compliance (Accion de Cumplimiento) shall apply to the case of non compliance with provisions of the constitutional or the law on the part of public servants, and has as its objective the guaranteeing of the execution of the norm.
II. The action shall be filed by the affected individual or collective, or by another with sufficient power in name of the affected party, before a competent judge or court, and shall be processed in the same manner as the Action for Constitutional Protection.
… (Art. 134) - SpanishI. La Acción de Cumplimiento procederá en caso de incumplimiento de disposiciones constitucionales o de la ley por parte de servidores públicos, con el objeto de garantizar la ejecución de la norma omitida.
II. La acción se interpondrá por la persona individual o colectiva afectada, o por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente, ante juez o tribunal competente, y se tramitará de la misma forma que la Acción de Amparo Constitucional.
… (Art. 134)
Jurisdiction and Access
Poland
- English…
2. The President of the Republic, before ratifying an international agreement may refer it to the Constitutional Tribunal with a request to adjudicate upon its conformity to the Constitution.
… (Art. 133) - Polish…
2. Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej przed ratyfikowaniem umowy międzynarodowej może zwrócić się do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z wnioskiem w sprawie jej zgodności z Konstytucją.
… (Art. 133)
Jurisdiction and Access
Dominica
- English(1) Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in any court of law established for Dominica (other than the Court of Appeal, the High Court or a court- martial) and the court is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court shall refer the question to the High Court.
… (Sec. 104)