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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- English...
(2) The authorities responsible for the management of the State shall derive their powers from the people through election by direct or indirect universal suffrage, unless otherwise provided for in this Constitution.
(3) The vote shall be equal and secret, and every citizen aged twenty years and above shall be entitled to vote. (Art. 2) - French...
(2) Les autorités chargés de diriger l’Etat tiennent leurs pouvoirs du peuple par voie d’élections au suffrage universel direct ou indirect, sauf dispositions contraires de la présente Constitution.
(3) Le vote est égal et secret ; y participent tous les citoyens âgés d’au moins vingt (20) ans. (Art. 2)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishSuffrage is universal, equal and secret. It may be direct or indirect. All Togolese nationals of the two sexes, at least eighteen (18) years of age and enjoying their civil and political rights[,] are electors within the conditions established by the law. (Art. 5)
- FrenchLe suffrage est universel, égal et secret. Il peut être direct ou indirect. Sont électeurs dans les conditions fixées par la loi, tous les nationaux togolais des deux sexes, âgés de dix-huit (18) ans révolus et jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques. (Art. 5)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Every citizen of Lesotho shall enjoy the right—
a. to take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen representatives;
b. to vote or to stand for election at periodic elections under this Constitution under a system of universal and equal suffrage and secret ballot;
… (Sec. 20)
Political Rights and Association
- English
(1) In any referendum held pursuant to an Act of Parliament, every person who is entitled to vote in elections of Members of Parliament shall be entitled to vote at such referendum and no other person may so vote;
… (Sec. 37)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishA person shall enjoy the liberty to unite and form a political party under the democratic regime of government with the King as Head of State, as provided by law. … (Sec. 45)
- Thaiบุคคลย่อมมีเสรีภาพในการรวมกันจัดตั้งพรรคการเมืองตามวิถีทางการปกครองระบอบประชาธิปไตยอันมีพระมหากษัตริย์ทรงเป็นประมุขตามที่กฎหมายบัญญัติ … (มาตรา ๔๕)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe freedom to establish political parties, unions, and associations is guaranteed. … (Art. 35)
- Arabicحرّية تكوين الأحزاب والنقابات والجمعيات مضمونة. ... (الفصل 35)
- FrenchLa liberté de constituer des partis politiques, des syndicats et des associations est garantie. ... (Art. 35)
Political Rights and Association
- English
Any citizen shall have the right to freely establish political parties in order to contribute to the development of national policies through the democratic process. (Art. 49)
- Italian
Tutti i cittadini hanno diritto di associarsi liberamente in partiti per concorrere con metodo democratico a determinare la politica nazionale. (Art. 49)
Political Rights and Association
- English
...
For the case of the functionaries elected by popular vote through closed lists proposed by the political parties under the principle of proportionality, Deputies before the National Assembly, Deputies to the Central American Parliament, Municipal Concejales [Aldermen], Regional Concejales, the lists of candidates must be composed of fifty percent of men and fifty percent of women, ordered in equitable form and presented [in] alternate form; the same ratio of gender must be maintained between proprietary members [proprietarios] and substitutes when they exist [donde los hubiere].
... (Art. 131) - Spanish
...
Para el caso de los funcionarios electos mediante el voto popular por listas cerradas propuestas por los partidos políticos bajo el principio de la proporcionalidad, Diputados ante la Asamblea Nacional, Diputados al Parlamento Centroamericano, Concejales Municipales, Consejales Regionales, las listas de candidatos deberán estar integrados por un cincuenta por ciento de hombres y un cincuenta por ciento de mujeres, ordenados de forma equitativa y presentados de forma alterna; igual relación de género deberán mantener entre propietarios y suplentes donde los hubiere.
... (Art. 131)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEveryone has the right to freedom of association. (Bill of Rights Act 1990, Sec. 17)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishWHEREAS the people of Belize-
…
(c) believe that the will of the people shall form the basis of government in a democratic society in which the government is freely elected by universal adult suffrage and in which all persons may, to the extent of their capacity, play some part in the institutions of national life and thus develop and maintain due respect for lawfully constituted authority;
…
(e) require policies of state … which protect … the right to vote in elections
… (Preamble)