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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Land, which is by origin the property of the state, may be transferred to individuals or corporate bodies, with a view to its rational and full use, under the terms of the Constitution and the law.
2. Access to and use of land by local communities shall be recognised by law.
… (Art. 15) - Portuguese1. A terra, que constitui propriedade originária do Estado, pode ser transmitida para pessoas singulares ou colectivas, tendo em vista o seu racional e efectivo aproveitamento, nos termos da Constituição e da lei.
2. São reconhecidos às comunidades locais o acesso e o uso das terras, nos termos da lei.
… (Art. 15)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty is inviolable;
… (Art. 45) - SpanishLa propiedad es inviolable;
… (Art. 45)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe State shall take the necessary measures to maintain and develop efficient land cultivation, to prevent its loss through erosion, and to provide land to farmers with insufficient land of their own, or no land. For this purpose, the law may define the size of appropriate land units, according to different agricultural regions and types of farming. Provision of land to farmers with no or insufficient land shall not lead to a fall in production, or to the depletion of forests and other land and underground resources.
Lands distributed for this purpose shall neither be divided nor be transferred to others, except through inheritance, and shall be cultivated only by the farmers to whom the lands have been distributed, and their heirs. In the event of loss of these conditions, the principles relating to the recovery by the State of the land thus distributed shall be prescribed by law. (Art. 44) - TurkishDevlet, toprağın verimli olarak işletilmesini korumak ve geliştirmek, erozyonla kaybedilmesini önlemek ve topraksız olan veya yeter toprağı bulunmayan çiftçilikle uğraşan köylüye toprak sağlamak amacıyla gerekli tedbirleri alır. Kanun, bu amaçla, değişik tarım bölgeleri ve çeşitlerine göre toprağın genişliğini tespit edebilir. Topraksız olan veya yeter toprağı bulunmayan çiftçiye toprak sağlanması, üretimin düşürülmesi, ormanların küçülmesi ve diğer toprak ve yeraltı servetlerinin azalması sonucunu doğuramaz.
Bu amaçla dağıtılan topraklar bölünemez, miras hükümleri dışında başkalarına devredilemez ve ancak dağıtılan çiftçilerle mirasçıları tarafından işletilebilir. Bu şartların kaybı halinde, dağıtılan toprağın Devletçe geri alınmasına ilişkin esaslar kanunla düzenlenir. (Madde 44)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
(19) Ownership shall mean the right guaranteed to every person by law to use, enjoy and dispose of property.
… (Preamble) - French…
(19) La propriété est le droit d’user, de jouir et de disposer des biens garantis à chacun par la loi.
… (Préambule)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) Land in Kenya shall be held, used and managed in a manner that is equitable, efficient, productive and sustainable, and in accordance with the following principles—
(a) equitable access to land;
(b) security of land rights;
…
(f) elimination of gender discrimination in law, customs and practices related to land and property in land; and
(g) encouragement of communities to settle land disputes through recognised local community initiatives consistent with this Constitution.
(2) These principles shall be implemented through a national land policy developed and reviewed regularly by the national government and through legislation. (Art. 60) - Swahili(1) Ardhi nchini Kenya itashikiliwa, kutumiwa na kusimamiwa kwa namna ambayo ni ya usawa, fanisi, yenye tija na endelevu, na kwa kufuata kanuni zifuatazo-
(a) haki sawa ya kupata ardhi;
(b) amana ya haki za ardhi;
…
(f) kuondoa ubaguzi wa kijinsia katika sheria, mila na desturi zinazohusiana na ardhi na mali katika ardhi; na
(g) kuwahimiza jamii kumaliza migogoro ya ardhi kupitia hatua zinazochukuliwa na jamii bila kukiuka Katiba hii.
(2) Kanuni hizi zitatekelezwa kupitia sera ya ardhi ya kitaifa iliyoundwa na kupitiwa mara kwa mara na serikali ya kitaifa na kupitia sheria. (Kifungu cha 60)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishEvery person has the right to life, to physical and moral integrity, to liberty, to security, to work, to property and possession, and to be protected in the conservation and defense of the same.
… (Art. 2) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a la vida, a la integridad física y moral, a la libertad, a la seguridad, al trabajo, a la propiedad y posesión, y a ser protegida en la conservación y defensa de los mismos.
… (Art. 2)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty may be state-owned or private.
The State shall grant equal rights to all to conduct economic and other activities, except for those prohibited by law, and guarantee equal protection and equal conditions for the development of all forms of ownership.
… (Art. 13) - BelarusianУласнасць можа быць дзяржаўнай і прыватнай.
Дзяржава надае ўсім роўныя правы для ажыццяўлення гаспадарчай і іншай дзейнасці, акрамя забароненай законам, і гарантуе роўную абарону і роўныя ўмовы для развіцця ўсіх форм уласнасці.
… (Артыкул 13) - RussianСобственность может быть государственной и частной.
Государство предоставляет всем равные права для осуществления хозяйственной и иной деятельности, кроме запрещенной законом, и гарантирует равную защиту и равные условия для развития всех форм собственности.
... (Статья 13)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property is sacred.
The State guarantees the right to individual or collective property, acquired in conformity to the law or to custom.
… (Art. 34) - FrenchLa propriété privée est sacrée.
L’Etat garantit le droit à la propriété individuelle ou collective acquis conformément à la loi ou à la coutume.
… (Art. 34)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
In addition to the issues that are directed to it by other Articles of the Constitution:
I. The law establishes the rules concerning:
…
11°. the organization of the family, the state and the capacity of persons, the matrimonial regimes, inheritance and gifts;
12°. the juridical regime of property, of real rights,
… (Art. 95) - French
Outre les questions qui lui sont renvoyées par d’autres articles de la Constitution :
I – La loi fixe les règles concernant :
…
11. l’organisation de la famille, l’état et la capacité des personnes, les régimes matrimoniaux, les successions et les libéralités ;
12. le régime juridique de la propriété, des droits réels,
… (Art. 95)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property is recognized and guaranteed. The law specifies the manner of acquiring and enjoying it, and the limits placed upon it. (Art. 36)
- FrenchLa propriété privée est reconnue et garantie. La loi en détermine les modalités d'acquisition, de jouissance ainsi que les limites. (Art. 36)