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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Head of State
Haiti
- EnglishThe President of the Republic, who is the Head of State, shall see to the respect for and enforcement of the Constitution and the stability of the institutions. He shall ensure the regular operations of the public authorities and the continuity of the State. (Art. 136)
- FrenchLe Président de la République, Chef de l'Etat, veille au respect et à l'exécution de la Constitution et à la stabilité des institutions. Il assure le fonctionnement régulier des pouvoirs publics ainsi que la continuité de l'Etat. (Art. 136)
Head of State
Kuwait
- EnglishKuwait is a hereditary Amirate held in succession in the descendants of the Mubarak Al Sabah.
The Heir Apparent shall be appointed within a period not exceeding one year from the date of the Amir's investiture, and his appointment shall follow his nomination by the Amir and the swearing of fealty to him by a consenting majority of the members composing the National Assembly sitting in special session.
Where the appointment does not proceed as indicated above, the Amir shall nominate at least three of the above-mentioned lineage to the heirdom and the Assembly shall swear fealty to one of them as Heir Apparent.
To qualify, the Heir Apparent must have attained the age of majority, must be endowed with reason and must be a legitimate son of Muslim parents.
All of the provisions governing the succession to the Principality shall be set out in a special Ordinance to be promulgated within one year from the coming into force of this Constitution. This special Ordinance shall have force of constitutional law and may not therefore be amended save in the manner prescribed for the amendment of the Constitution itself. (Art. 4) - Arabicالكويت إمارة وراثية في ذرية المغفور له مبارك الصباح.
ويعين ولي العهد خلال سنة على الأكثر من تولية الأمير، ويكون تعيينه بأمر أميري بناء على تزكية الأمير ومبايعة من مجلس الأمة تتم في جلسة خاصة، بموافقة أغلبية الأعضاء الذين يتألف منهم المجلس.
وفي حالة عدم التعيين على النحو السابق يزكي الأمير لولاية العهد ثلاثة على الأقل من الذرية المذكورة فيبايع المجلس أحدهم ولياً للعهد.
ويشترط في ولي العهد أن يكون رشيداً عاقلاً وابناً شرعياً لأبوين مسلمين.
وينظم سائر الأحكام الخاصة بتوارث الإمارة قانون خاص يصدر في خلال سنة من تاريخ العمل بهذا الدستور، وتكون له صفة دستورية، فلا يجوز تعديله إلا بالطريقة المقررة لتعديل الدستور. (المادّة 4)
Head of State
United States of America
- EnglishThe executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, …
No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States. … (Art. II, Sec. 1)
Head of State
Denmark
- EnglishThe form of government shall be that of a constitutional monarchy. Royal authority shall be inherited by men and women in accordance with the provisions of the Act of Succession to the Throne of March 27th 1953. (Sec. 2)
- DanishRegeringsformen er indskrænket-monarkisk. Kongemagten nedarves til mænd og kvinder efter de i tronfølgeloven af 27. marts 1953 fastsatte regler. (§ 2)
Head of State
Guinea
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is elected by universal direct suffrage.
… (Art. 27) - FrenchLe président de la République est élu au suffrage universel direct.
… (Art. 27)
Head of State
China
- EnglishThe National People’s Congress exercises the following functions and powers:
…
(4) To elect the President and the Vice-President of the People's Republic of China;
… (Art. 62) - Chinese全国人民代表大会行使下列职权:
…
(四)选举中华人民共和国主席、副主席;
… (第六十二条)
Head of State
Nigeria
- English(1) There shall be for the Federation a President.
(2) The President shall be the Head of State, the Chief Executive of the Federation and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federation. (Sec. 130)
Head of State
Kenya
- English(1) The President—
(a) is the Head of State and Government;
(b) exercises the executive authority of the Republic, with the assistance of the Deputy President and Cabinet Secretaries;
…
(2) The President shall-
(a) respect, uphold and safeguard this Constitution;
...
(e) ensure the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms and the rule of law.
... (Art. 131) - Swahili(1) Rais-
(a) ni Mkuu wa Nchi na Serikali;
(b) anatekeleza mamlaka ya juu ya Jamhuri, kwa kusaidiwa na Makamu wa Rais na Makatibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri;
…
(2) Rais-
(a) ataheshimu, kuitetea na kuilinda Katiba hii;
...
(e) atahakikisha ulinzi wa haki za binadamu na uhuru wa msingi na utawala wa sheria.
... (Kifungu cha 131)
Head of State
Chile
- EnglishThe President of the Republic will be elected by direct vote and by absolute majority of the suffrage validly emitted.
… (Art. 26) - SpanishEl Presidente de la República será elegido en votación directa y por mayoría absoluta de los sufragios válidamente emitidos.
… (Art. 26)
Head of State
Rwanda
- EnglishA candidate for the office of the President of the Republic must:
1° be of Rwandan nationality by origin;
2° not hold any other nationality;
3° be irreproachable in his or her conduct and social relations;
4° not have been definitively sentenced to an imprisonment of six (6) months or more;
5° not have been deprived of civil and political rights by a Court decision;
6° be at least thirty five (35) years old at the time of his or her candidacy;
7° reside in Rwanda at the time of submitting his or her candidacy. (Art. 99) - KinyarwandaUmukandida ku mwanya wa Perezida wa Repubulika agomba kuba:
1° afite ubwenegihugu nyarwanda bw’inkomoko;
2° nta bundi bwenegihugu afite;
3° indakemwa mu myifatire no mu mibanire ye n’abandi;
4° atarigeze akatirwa burundu igihano cy'igifungo kingana cyangwa kirenze amezi atandatu (6);
5° atarambuwe n’inkiko uburenganzira mbonezamubano n’ubwa politiki;
6° afite nibura imyaka mirongo itatu n’itanu (35) y’amavuko mu gihe cyo kwiyamamariza uwo mwanya;
7° aba mu Rwanda igihe asaba kwiyamamariza uwo mwanya. (Ingingo ya 99) - FrenchPour être candidat à la Présidence de la République, il faut remplir les conditions suivantes:
1° être de nationalité rwandaise d’origine;
2° ne détenir aucune autre nationalité;
3° être irréprochable dans sa conduite et ses relations sociales;
4° n’avoir pas été condamné définitivement à une peine d'emprisonnement égale ou supérieure à six (6) mois;
5° n’avoir pas été déchu par décision judiciaire des droits civiques et politiques;
6° être âgé de trente-cinq (35) ans au moins au moment de sa candidature;
7° résider sur le territoire du Rwanda au moment du dépôt de candidature. (Art. 99)