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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(a) Every citizen has the right to acquire, own, inherit, transfer or otherwise transact of such property.
(b) Private property shall be inviolable,
… (Art. 40) - Dhivehi(ހ) މުދާ ހޯދުމާއި، މިލްކުކުރުމާއި، ވާރުތަކުރުމާއި، ދިނުމާއި، މުދަލުން މުޢާމަލާތުކުރުމުގެ ޙައްޤު ކޮންމެ ރައްޔިތަކަށްމެ ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
(ށ) މީސްމީހުންގެ މުދަލަކީ ނިގުޅައިގަނެގެންވާނޭ ތަކެއްޗެއް ނޫނެވެ.
... (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 40 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishHer Majesty the Queen of England confirms and guarantees to the Chiefs and Tribes of New Zealand and to the respective families and individuals thereof the full exclusive and undisturbed possession of their Lands and Estates Forests Fisheries and other properties which they may collectively or individually possess so long as it is their wish and desire to retain the same in their possession; but the Chiefs of the United Tribes and the individual Chiefs yield to Her Majesty the exclusive right of Preemption over such lands as the proprietors thereof may be disposed to alienate at such prices as may be agreed upon between the respective Proprietors and persons appointed by Her Majesty to treat with them in that behalf. (Treaty of Waitangi, Article the Second)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishAll have the right to the security of their person and of their kin [proches], and to the protection of their assets.
… (Art. 21) - Arabicلكلّ فرد الحق في سلامة شخصه وأقربائه، وحماية ممتلكاته.
... (الفصل 21)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishEvery person has the right to dignified and socially useful work. To this effect, the creation of jobs [empleos] and the social organization of work shall be promoted, in accordance with the law.
The Congress of the Union, without contravening the following bases[,] must adopt laws concerning work, which will govern:
A. Among the workers, day laborers, domestic servants, artisans and in a general manner any contract of labor:
…
XXVIII. The laws will determine the assets that constitute the patrimony of the family, the assets that will be inalienable, [that] may not be subject to encumbrances [gravámenes reales] or attachments [embargos], and that will be transferable by titles of inheritance with simplification of the formalities of the proceedings of succession [juicios sucesorios].
… (Art. 123) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho al trabajo digno y socialmente útil; al efecto, se promoverán la creación de empleos y la organización social de trabajo, conforme a la ley.
El Congreso de la Unión, sin contravenir a las bases siguientes deberá expedir leyes sobre el trabajo, las cuales regirán:
A. Entre los obreros, jornaleros, empleados domésticos, artesanos y de una manera general, todo contrato de trabajo:
…
XXVIII. Las leyes determinarán los bienes que constituyan el patrimonio de la familia, bienes que serán inalienables, no podrán sujetarse a gravámenes reales ni embargos, y serán transmisibles a título de herencia con simplificación de las formalidades de los juicios sucesorios.
… (Art. 123)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) The Federal Parliament shall make necessary laws in relation to the rights of the trust and the farmers enjoying possessory rights over trust lands in a manner not to be prejudicial to the basic norms of the trusts.
… (Art. 290) - Nepali(१) गुठीको मूलभूत मान्यतामा प्रतिकूल असर नपर्नेगरी गुठी जग्गामा भोगाधिकार भैरहेका किसान एवं गुठीको अधिकारका सम्बन्धमा संघीय संसदले आवश्यक कानून बनाउनेछ ।
... (धारा २९०)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishSince it appears to be the will of God that man should be free as He has made all men of one blood therefore shall the people of Tonga and all who sojourn or may sojourn in this Kingdom be free for ever. And all men may use their lives and persons and time to acquire and possess property and to dispose of their labour and the fruit of their hands and to use their own property as they will. (Clause 1)
- TonganKo e me‘a ‘i he ha mai ko e finangalo ‘o e ‘Otua ke tau‘atāina ‘a e tangata ko e me‘a ‘i he ‘ene ngaohi ‘o toto pe taha ‘a e kakai kotoa pe ko ia ‘e tau‘ataina ‘o ta‘engata ‘a e kakai Tonga mo e kakai kotoa pe ‘oku nofo ni pea ‘e nofo ‘i he Pule’anga ni. Pea ‘e ‘atā ki he kakai kotoa pe ‘enau mo‘ui mo honau sino mo honau taimi ke kumi mo ma‘u koloa pea ke fa‘iteliha ki he ngaue mo e fua ‘o honau nima pea ke pule‘i tāfataha pe ‘e kinautolu ‘a e ngaahi me‘a ‘anautolu. (Kupu 1)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate ownership of land and other rights related to land are granted by the State.
A law determines modalities of concession, transfer and use of land. (Art. 35) - KinyarwandaUmutungo bwite w'ubutaka n'ubundi burenganzira ku butaka bitangwa na Leta.
Itegeko rigena uburyo bwo kubutanga, kubuhererekanya no kubukoresha. (Ingingo ya 35) - FrenchLa propriété foncière privée et d’autres droits réels grevant la propriété foncière sont concédés par l’Etat.
Une loi détermine les modalités de concession, de transfert et d’exploitation de la propriété foncière. (Art. 35)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe indigenous peoples have [the] right to communal ownership of the land [propiedad comunitaria], in [an] extension and quality sufficient for the preservation and the development of their particular [peculiares] forms of lifestyles. The State will provide them gratuitously with these lands, which will be non-seizable [inembargables], indivisible, non-transferrable, imprescriptible, not susceptible to guarantee contractual obligations nor to be leased; likewise, they will be exempt from taxes.
… (Art. 64) - SpanishLos pueblos indígenas tienen derecho a la propiedad comunitaria de la tierra, en extensión y calidad suficientes para la conservación y el desarrollo de sus formas peculiares de vida. El Estado les proveerá gratuitamente de estas tierras, las cuales serán inembargables, indivisibles, intransferibles, imprescriptibles, no susceptibles de garantizar obligaciones contractuales ni de ser arrendadas; asimismo, estarán exentas de tributo.
… (Art. 64)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property is inviolable; … (Art. 27)
- Arabicالملكية الخاصّة مصونة … (المادّة 27)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
Private property is guaranteed.
...
The right of inheritance is guaranteed.
Wakf assets and foundations are recognized; their objectives are protected by the law (Art. 60) - Arabic
الملكيّة الخاصّة مضمونة.
...
حقّ الإرث مضمون.
الأملاك الوقفيّة وأملاك الجمعيّات الخيريّة مُعترَف بها، ويحمي القانون تخصيصها. (المادة 60) - French
La propriété privée est garantie.
...
Le droit d'héritage est garanti.
Les biens « wakf » et les fondations sont reconnus ; leur destination est protégée par la loi. (Art. 60)