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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Education
Estonia
- EnglishEveryone has the right to education. Education for school-age children is compulsory to the extent specified by the law, and is free of charge in general schools established by the national government and by local authorities.
In order to make education accessible, the national government and local authorities maintain a requisite number of educational institutions. Other educational institutions, including private schools, may also be established and maintained pursuant to the law.
Parents have the deciding say in the choice of education for their children.
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The provision of education is overseen by the national government. (Sec. 37) - EstonianIgaühel on õigus haridusele. Õppimine on kooliealistel lastel seadusega määratud ulatuses kohustuslik ning riigi ja kohalike omavalitsuste üldhariduskoolides õppemaksuta.
Et teha haridus kättesaadavaks, peavad riik ja kohalikud omavalitsused ülal vajalikul arvul õppeasutusi. Seaduse alusel võib avada ja pidada ka muid õppeasutusi, sealhulgas erakoole.
Laste hariduse valikul on otsustav sõna vanematel.
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Hariduse andmine on riigi järelevalve all. (§ 37)
Education
Gambia
- English(1) The State shall endeavour to provide adequate educational opportunities at all levels of study for all citizens.
(2) The State shall pursue policies to ensure basic education for all citizens and shall endeavour to provide adequate resources so that such tuition for basic education shall be free for all citizens.
(3) The State shall endeavour to provide skills training centres.
(4) The State shall take measures to create an adult literacy programme, rehabilitative vocational training for the disabled, and continuing education programmes. (Sec. 217)
Education
Guyana
- English(1) Every child is entitled to free primary and secondary education in schools owned or funded by the State.
(2) The right conferred in paragraph (1) does not imply a right to free education at a specific school.
(3) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of paragraph (1) to the extent that the law in question makes provision for standards or qualifications, not being standards or qualifications which are discriminatory within the meaning of article 149(2), to be required for admission to a specific school. (Art. 149H)
Education
Liechtenstein
- English1) The entire system of education and instruction shall be under the supervision of the State, without prejudice to the inviolability of church teachings.
2) Education shall be universal and compulsory.
3) The State shall ensure that adequate compulsory instruction in the elementary subjects is given free of charge in public schools.
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5) Nobody shall allow young persons in their charge to leave school without the degree of schooling prescribed for public elementary schools.
… (Art. 16) - German1) Das gesamte Erziehungs- und Unterrichtswesen steht, unbeschadet der Unantastbarkeit der kirchlichen Lehre, unter staatlicher Aufsicht.
2) Es besteht allgemeine Schulpflicht.
3) Der Staat sorgt dafür, dass der obligatorische Unterricht in den Elementarfächern in genügendem Ausmass in öffentlichen Schulen unentgeltlich erteilt wird.
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5) Niemand darf die unter seiner Aufsicht stehende Jugend ohne den für die öffentlichen Elementarschulen vorgeschriebenen Grad von Unterricht lassen.
… (Art. 16)
Education
Madagascar
- EnglishEvery child has the right to instruction and to education under the responsibility of the parents within respect for their freedom of choice.
The State engages itself to develop professional training. (Art. 23) - FrenchTout enfant a droit à l’instruction et à l’éducation sous la responsabilité des parents dans le respect de leur liberté de choix.
L’Etat s’engage à développer la formation professionnelle. (Art. 23)
Education
Jamaica
- English…
2. Subject to sections 18 and 49, and to subsections (9) and (12) of this section, and save only as may be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society-
a. this Chapter3 guarantees the rights and freedoms set out in subsections (3) and (6) of this section and in sections 14, 15, 16 and 17; and
b. Parliament shall pass no law and no organ of the State shall take any action which abrogates, abridges or infringes those rights.
3. The rights and freedoms referred to in subsection (2) are as follows-
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k. the right of every child-
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ii. who is a citizen of Jamaica, to publicly funded tuition in a public educational institution at the pre-primary and primary levels;
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13. In this section "public educational institution" means an all-age school, a pre-primary school or a primary school that is maintained or assisted by the Government. (Sec. 13)
Education
North Macedonia
- EnglishEveryone has a right to education. Education is accessible to everyone under equal conditions. Primary education is compulsory and free. (Art. 44)
- MacedonianСекој има право на образование. Образованието е достапно на секого под еднакви услови. Основното образование е задолжително и бесплатно. (Член 44)
Education
India
- EnglishThe State shall endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. (Art. 45)
- Hindiराज्य, सभी बालकों के लिए छह वर्ष की आयु पूरी करने तक, प्रारंभिक बाल्यावस्था देख-रेख और शिक्षा देने के लिए उपबंध करने का प्रयास करेगा। (अनुच्छेद 45)
Education
Paraguay
- EnglishAll persons have [the] right to [a] complete [integral] and permanent education, which[,] as a system and [a] process[,] is accomplished within the context of the culture of the community. Its goals [fines] are the full development of the human personality and the promotion of freedom and peace, social justice, solidarity, cooperation and the integration of the peoples; the respect for human rights and the democratic principles; the affirmation of the commitment to the Fatherland [Patria], to the cultural identity and the intellectual, moral, and civic training, as well as the elimination of the educational contents of a discriminatory character.
The eradication of illiteracy and the preparation [capacitación] for work are permanent objectives of the educational system. (Art. 73) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a la educación integral y permanente, que como sistema y proceso se realiza en el contexto de la cultura de la comunidad. Sus fines son el desarrollo pleno de la personalidad humana y la promoción de la libertad y la paz, la justicia social, la solidaridad, la cooperación y la integración de los pueblos; el respeto a los derechos humanos y los principios democráticos; la afirmación del compromiso con la Patria, de la identidad cultural y la formación intelectual, moral y cívica, así como la eliminación de los contenidos educativos de carácter discriminatorio.
La erradicación del analfabetismo y la capacitación para el trabajo son objetivos permanentes del sistema educativo. (Art. 73)
Education
Russian Federation
- English1. The Government of the Russian Federation:
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c) shall ensure the implementation in the Russian Federation of a uniform socially-oriented State policy in the sphere of … education,
… (Art. 114) - Russian1. Правительство Российской Федерации:
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в) обеспечивает проведение в Российской Федерации единой социально ориентированной государственной политики в области ... образования,
… (Статья 114)