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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Limitations and/or Derogations
Paraguay
- EnglishThe enunciation of the rights and guarantees contained in this Constitution must not be understood as the negation of others that, being inherent to the human personality, do not expressively figure in it. The lack of [a] regulatory law may not be invoked to deny or to curtail any right or guarantee. (Art. 45)
- SpanishLa enunciación de los derechos y garantías contenidos en esta Constitución no debe entenderse como negación de otros que, siendo inherentes a la personalidad humana, no figuren expresamente en ella. La falta de ley reglamentaria no podrá ser invocada para negar ni para menoscabar algún derecho o garantía. (Art. 45)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Maldives
- English(a) The enumeration of rights and freedoms in this Chapter are guaranteed equally to female and male persons.
(b) The enumeration of rights and freedoms individually in this Chapter shall not be construed to deny or negate other rights retained by the people which are not specified in this Chapter. (Art. 62) - Dhivehi(ހ) މ ބާބުގައި ބަޔާންކުރެވިފައިވާ އެންމެހައި ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން އަންހެނުންނަށާއި ފިރިހެންނުންނަށް ހަމަހަމަކަމާއެކު ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
(ށ) މި ބާބުގައި ވަކިވަކީން ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން ކަނޑައެޅި، ބަޔާންކުރެވިފައިވުމަކީ މި ބާބުގައި ނުހިމެނޭ އެހެނިހެން ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން ހޯދުމަށް ނުވަތަ ލިބިގަތުމަށް ހުރަސްއަޅާ ކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ . (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 62 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Micronesia, Federated States of
- English(a) If required to preserve public peace, health, or safety at a time of extreme emergency caused by civil disturbance, natural disaster, or immediate threat of war, or insurrection, the President may declare a state of emergency and issue appropriate decrees.
(b) A civil right may be impaired only to the extent actually required for the preservation of peace, health, or safety. A declaration of emergency may not impair the power of the judiciary except that the declaration shall be free from judicial interference for 30 days after it is first issued.
… (Art. X, Sec. 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Trinidad and Tobago
- English(1) An Act to which this section applies may expressly declare that it shall have effect even though inconsistent with sections 4 and 5 and if any such Act does so declare, it shall have effect accordingly unless the Act is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in a society that has a proper respect for the rights and freedoms of the individual.
(2) An Act to which this section applies is one the Bill for which has been passed by both Houses of Parliament and at the final vote thereon in each House has been supported by the votes of not less than three-fifths of all the members of that House.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) the number of members of the Senate shall, notwithstanding the appointment of temporary members in accordance with section 44, be deemed to be the number of members specified in section 40(l). (Sec. 13)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Qatar
- EnglishProvisions pertaining to rights and public liberties may not be subject to amendment save for the purpose of granting more rights and guarantees for the interest of the citizen. (Art. 146)
- Arabicالأحكام الخاصّة بالحقوق و الحرّيات العامة لا يجوز طلب تعديلها الّا في الحدود التّي يكون الغرض منها منح مزيد من الحقوق و الضّمانات لصالح المواطن. (المادّة 146)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Vanuatu
- English(1) The Republic of Vanuatu recognises, that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on non-citizens, all persons are entitled to the following fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual without discrimination on the grounds of race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions, language or sex but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to the legitimate public interest in defence, safety, public order, welfare and health –
… (Art. 5) - French1) Sous réserve des restrictions que la Loi peut imposer aux non-citoyens et aux détenteurs de la double nationalité qui ne sont pas indigènes ou citoyens naturalisés et dans le respect des droits et libertés d'autrui et de l'intérêt public légitime en matière de défense, de sécurité, d'ordre public, de prospérité et de santé, la République de Vanuatu reconnaît que toute personne, sans distinction de race, lieu d'origine, croyances religieuses ou traditionnelles, opinions politiques, langue ou sexe jouit des droits fondamentaux et les libertés individuelles suivants:
... (Art. 5)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Senegal
- EnglishThe declaration of war is authorized by the National Assembly.
The rights and duties of the citizens, during war or in case of invasion or of attack of the national territory by forces from the exterior, are made the object of an organic law. (Art. 70) - FrenchLa déclaration de guerre est autorisée par l'Assemblée nationale.
Les droits et devoirs des citoyens, pendant la guerre ou en cas d'invasion ou d'attaque du territoire national par des forces de l'extérieur, font l'objet d'une loi organique. (Art. 70)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Armenia
- English…
2. The restrictions of fundamental rights and freedoms may not exceed the restrictions stipulated by the international treaties of the Republic of Armenia. (Art. 81) - Armenian…
2. Հիմնական իրավունքների և ազատությունների սահմանափակումները չեն կարող գերազանցել Հայաստանի Հանրապետության միջազգային պայմանագրերով սահմանված սահմանափակումները: (Հոդված 81)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Timor-Leste
- English1. Laws revising the Constitution shall respect:
…
b) The rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens;
… (Sec. 156) - Tetum1. Lei kona-ba hala’o revizaun ba Lei-Inan tenke respeita:
…
b) Sidadaun sira-nia direitu, liberdade no garantia;
… (Art. 156) - Portuguese1. As leis de revisão constitucional têm que respeitar:
…
b) Os direitos, liberdades e garantias dos cidadãos;
… (Art. 156)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Cabo Verde
- English...
2. The ambit and the essential content of constitutional rules with respect to rights, liberties and guarantees may not be restrained by way of interpretation.
...
4. The law may restrict rights, liberties and guarantees only in cases expressly foreseen in the Constitution.
5. Restrictive laws of rights, liberties and guarantees shall necessarily be of a general and abstract nature, shall not have retroactive effect, may not diminish the ambit and the essential content of constitutional rules and must be strictly limited to the safeguard of other constitutionally protected rights. (Art. 17) - Portuguese...
2. A extensão e o conteúdo essencial das normas constitucionais relativas aos direitos, liberdades e garantias não podem ser restringidos pela via da interpretação.
...
4. Só nos casos expressamente previstos na Constituição poderá a lei restringir os direitos, liberdades e garantias.
5. As leis restritivas dos direitos, liberdades e garantias serão obrigatoriamente de carácter geral e abstracto, não terão efeitos retroactivos, não poderão diminuir a extensão e o conteúdo essencial das normas constitucionais e deverão limitar-se ao necessário para a salvaguarda de outros direitos constitucionalmente protegidos. (Art. 17)