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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The remedy of judicial review is and shall not be available in Brunei Darussalam.
(2) For the avoidance of doubt, there is and shall be no judicial review in any court of any act, decision, grant, revocation or suspension, or refusal or omission to do so, any exercise of or refusal or omission to exercise any power, authority or discretion by His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan, or any party acting on his behalf or under his authority or in the performance of any public function, under the provisions of this Constitution or any written law or otherwise, including any question relating to compliance with any procedural requirement governing such act or decision.
(3) In this Article, “judicial review” means proceedings instituted by any manner whatsoever including, but not limited to, proceedings by way of —
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(d) any other suit or action relating to or arising out of any act, decision, grant, revocation or suspension, or refusal or omission to do so, any exercise of or refusal or omission to exercise any power, authority or discretion conferred on His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan, or any party acting on his behalf or under his authority or in the performance of any public function, under the provisions of this Constitution or any written law or otherwise.
(4) Save as provided in this Constitution, His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan shall not be required to assign any reason for any act, decision, grant, revocation or suspension, or refusal or omission to do so, any exercise of or refusal or omission to exercise any power, authority or discretion under the provisions of this Constitution or any written law or otherwise. (Sec. 84C) - Malay(1) Remedi bagi kajian semula kehakiman tiada dan tidak boleh didapati di Negara Brunei Darussalam.
(2) Bagi mengelakkan kewahaman, kajian semula kehakiman tiada dan tidak boleh diadakan di dalam mana-mana mahkamah mengenai apa-apa perbuatan, keputusan, pemberian, pembatalan atau penggantungan, atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada berbuat demikian, sebarang perjalanan atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada menjalankan sebarang kuasa, autoriti atau budibicara oleh Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan, atau mana-mana pihak yang bertindak bagi pihak Baginda atau dengan titah perkenan Baginda atau dalam melaksanakan sebarang tugas awam, di bawah peruntukan-peruntukan Perlembagaan ini atau sebarang undang-undang bertulis atau pun selainnya, termasuk apa jua perkara yang berhubung dengan pematuhan sebarang kehendak prosedur yang mengawal perbuatan atau keputusan tersebut.
(3) Dalam Perkara ini, “kajian semula kehakiman” bermakna perbicaraan yang dimulakan dengan apa jua cara pun termasuk, tetapi tidak terhad kepada, perbicaraan dengan cara —
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(d) mana-mana guaman atau tindakan lain berhubung dengan atau berbangkit dari apa-apa perbuatan, keputusan, pemberian, pembatalan atau penggantungan, atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada berbuat demikian, sebarang perjalanan atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada menjalankan sebarang kuasa, autoriti atau budibicara yang diberikan kepada Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan, atau mana-mana pihak yang bertindak bagi pihak Baginda atau dengan titah perkenan Baginda atau dalam melaksanakan sebarang tugas awam, di bawah peruntukan-peruntukan Perlembagaan ini atau sebarang undang-undang bertulis atau pun selainnya.
(4) Kecuali sebagaimana yang diperuntukkan dalam Perlembagaan ini, Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan tidak boleh dikehendaki untuk memberi sebarang alasan kerana apa-apa perbuatan, keputusan, pemberian, pembatalan atau penggantungan,atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada berbuat demikian, sebarang perjalanan atau keengganan atau peninggalan daripada menjalankan sebarang kuasa, autoriti atau budibicara di bawah peruntukan-peruntukan Perlembagaan ini atau sebarang undang-undang bertulis atau pun selainnya. (Sec. 84C)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Government, not less than 1/5 of all the Members of the Seimas, and courts shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court concerning the acts specified in the first paragraph of Article 105.
Not less than 1/5 of all the Members of the Seimas and courts shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court concerning the conformity of the acts of the President of the Republic with the Constitution and laws.
Not less than 1/5 of all the Members of the Seimas, courts, as well as the President of the Republic, shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court concerning the conformity of the acts of the Government with the Constitution and laws.
Every person shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court concerning the acts specified in the first and second paragraphs of Article 105 if a decision adopted on the basis of these acts has violated the constitutional rights or freedoms of the person and the person has exhausted all legal remedies. The procedure for implementing this right shall be established by the Law on the Constitutional Court.
An application by the President of the Republic to the Constitutional Court, or a resolution of the Seimas, asking for an investigation into the conformity of an act with the Constitution shall suspend the validity of the act.
... (Art. 106) - LithuanianTeisę kreiptis į Konstitucinį Teismą dėl 105 straipsnio pirmojoje dalyje nurodytų aktų turi Vyriausybė, ne mažiau kaip 1/5 visų Seimo narių, taip pat teismai.
Dėl Respublikos Prezidento aktų sutikimo su Konstitucija ir įstatymais į Konstitucinį Teismą turi teisę kreiptis ne mažiau kaip 1/5 visų Seimo narių ir teismai.
Dėl Vyriausybės aktų sutikimo su Konstitucija ir įstatymais į Konstitucinį Teismą gali kreiptis ne mažiau kaip 1/5 visų Seimo narių, teismai, taip pat Respublikos Prezidentas.
Kiekvienas asmuo turi teisę kreiptis į Konstitucinį Teismą dėl Konstitucijos 105 straipsnio pirmojoje ir antrojoje dalyse nurodytų aktų, jeigu jų pagrindu priimtas sprendimas pažeidė šio asmens konstitucines teises ar laisves ir šis asmuo išnaudojo visas teisinės gynybos priemones. Šios teisės įgyvendinimo tvarką nustato Konstitucinio Teismo įstatymas.
Respublikos Prezidento teikimas Konstituciniam Teismui ar Seimo nutarimas ištirti, ar aktas sutinka su Konstitucija, sustabdo šio akto galiojimą.
... (106 straipsnis)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Constitutional Court is an independent court, separate from the judicial authority. It is competent to oversee the constitutionality of laws and measures, protect rights and freedoms, and adjudicate constitutional disputes.
(2) The Constitutional Court is formed and its competencies and powers is defined by law. (Art. 30) - Arabic1.المحكمة الدستورية محكمه مستقلة ومنفصلة عن السلطة القضائيه، تختص برقابة دستورية الثوانين والتدابير و حماية الحقوق والحريات والفصل في النزاعات الدستورية
2.تشكل المحكمة الدستورية وتحدد إختصاصاتها قوفقا للقانون. (الماده 31)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishOrganic laws are those whose purpose is to specify or supplement the provisions relating to the organization or operation of the institutions, structures and systems planned or qualified as such by the Constitution.
They are voted on and amended under the following conditions:
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• organic laws may only be promulgated after the Constitutional Council has declared their compliance with the Constitution. (Art. 102) - FrenchLes lois organiques sont celles qui ont pour objet de préciser ou de compléter les dispositions relatives à l’organisation ou au fonctionnement des Institutions, structures et systèmes prévus ou qualifiés comme tels par la Constitution.
Elles sont votées et modifiées dans les conditions suivantes :
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- les lois organiques ne peuvent être promulguées qu'après la déclaration par le Conseil constitutionnel de leur conformité à la Constitution. (Art. 102)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall repeal or invalidate a law if it determines that the law does not conform to the Constitution. The Constitutional Court shall repeal or invalidate a collective agreement, other regulation or enactment, statute or programme of a political party or association, if it determines that it does not conform to the Constitution or law. The decisions of the Constitutional Court are final and executive. (Art. 112)
- MacedonianУставниот суд ќе укине или поништи закон ако утврди дека не е во согласност со Уставот. Уставниот суд ќе укине или поништи друг пропис или општ акт, колективен договор, статут или програма на политичка партија или здружение, ако утврди дека тие не се во согласност со Уставот или со закон. Одлуките на Уставниот суд се конечни и извршни. (Член 112)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Court of Appeal to Her Majesty in Council as of right in the following cases-
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c. final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings which involve a question as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
… (Sec. 122)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishI. The Action for Constitutional Protection shall be presented by the person who believes him or herself affected, by another with sufficient power to act in his or her name, or by the corresponding authority pursuant to the Constitution, to any judge or competent court, provided that there is no other existing means or legal recourse for the immediate protection of the rights and guarantees that have been restricted, suppressed or threatened.
… (Art. 129) - SpanishI. La Acción de Amparo Constitucional se interpondrá por la persona que se crea afectada, por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente o por la autoridad correspondiente de acuerdo con la Constitución, ante cualquier juez o tribunal competente, siempre que no exista otro medio o recurso legal para la protección inmediata de los derechos y garantías restringidos, suprimidos o amenazados.
... (Art. 129)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Constitutional Court on the appeal of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Chairman of the Senate, the Chairman of the Majilis, at least one fifth of the total number of deputies of the Parliament, the Prime Minister shall:
1) decide, in case of a dispute, the issue of correctness of holding elections of the President of the Republic, deputies of the Parliament and holding a republican referendum;
2) consider the laws adopted by the Parliament for their compliance with the Constitution of the Republic before signing by the President;
2-1) consider the resolutions adopted by the Parliament and its Chambers for compliance with the Constitution of the Republic;
3) consider international treaties of the Republic for their compliance with Constitution before ratification;
4) give an official interpretation of the norms of the Constitution;
5) give conclusions in the cases provided for by paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 47 of the Constitution.
2. The Constitutional Court shall consider the appeals of the President of the Republic in the cases provided for by subparagraph 10-1) of Article 44 of the Constitution, as well as the appeals of the courts in the cases established by Article 78 of the Constitution.
3. The Constitutional Court on the appeals of citizens, shall consider the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan that directly affect their rights and freedoms, enshrined in the Constitution for compliance with the Constitution of the Republic.
The procedure and conditions for the appeals of citizens to the Constitutional Court shall be determined by the constitutional law.
4. The Constitutional Court, upon the appeals of the Prosecutor General of the Republic shall consider the issues specified in subparagraphs 3) and 4) of paragraph 1 of this article, as well as the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan for their compliance with the Constitution of the Republic.
5. The Constitutional Court, on the appeal of the Commissioner for Human Rights shall consider the regulatory legal acts affecting the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen enshrined in the Constitution for compliance with the Constitution of the Republic. (Art. 72) - Kazak
1. Конституциялық Сот Қазақстан Республикасы Президентінің, Сенат Төрағасының, Мәжіліс Төрағасының, Парламент депутаттары жалпы санының кемінде бестен бір бөлігінің, Премьер-Министрдің өтініші бойынша:
1) дау туған жағдайда Республика Президентінің, Парламент депутаттарының сайлауын өткізудің дұрыстығы және республикалық референдум өткізу туралы мәселені шешеді;
2) Парламент қабылдаған заңдардың Республика Конституциясына сәйкестігін Президент қол қойғанға дейін қарайды;
2-1) Парламент және оның палаталары қабылдаған қаулылардың Республика Конституциясына сәйкестігін қарайды;
3) Республиканың халықаралық шарттарын бекіткенге дейін олардың Конституцияға сәйкестігін қарайды;
4) Конституцияның нормаларына ресми түсіндірме береді;
5) Конституцияның 47-бабының 1 және 2-тармақтарында көзделген реттерде қорытындылар береді.
2. Конституциялық Сот Конституцияның 44-бабының 10-1) тармақшасында көзделген жағдайларда – Республика Президентінің өтiнiштерiн, сондай-ақ Конституцияның 78-бабында белгiленген жағдайларда соттардың өтiнiштерiн қарайды.
3. Конституциялық Сот азаматтардың Конституцияда бекітілген құқықтары мен бостандықтарын тікелей қозғайтын Қазақстан Республикасының нормативтік құқықтық актілерінің Республика Конституциясына сәйкестігін олардың өтініштері бойынша қарайды.
Азаматтардың Конституциялық Сотқа жүгіну тәртібі мен шарттары конституциялық заңда айқындалады.
4. Конституциялық Сот осы баптың 1-тармағының 3) және 4) тармақшаларында көрсетілген мәселелерді, сондай-ақ Қазақстан Республикасының нормативтік құқықтық актілерінің Республика Конституциясына сәйкестігін Республика Бас Прокурорының өтініштері бойынша қарайды.
5. Конституциялық Сот Конституцияда бекітілген адамның және азаматтың құқықтары мен бостандықтарын қозғайтын нормативтік құқықтық актілердің Республика Конституциясына сәйкестігін Адам құқықтары жөніндегі уәкілдің өтініші бойынша қарайды. (72-бап)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court shall decide on:
1. compliance of laws and other general acts with the Constitution, generally accepted rules of the international law and ratified international treaties,
2. compliance of ratified international treaties with the Constitution,
3. compliance of other general acts with the Law,
4. compliance of the Statute and general acts of autonomous provinces and local self-government units with the Constitution and the Law,
5. compliance of general acts of organizations with delegated public powers, political parties, trade unions, civic associations and collective agreements with the Constitution and the Law.
The Constitutional Court shall:
1. decide on the conflict of jurisdictions between courts and state bodies,
2. decide on the conflict of jurisdictions between republic and provincial bodies or bodies of local self-government units,
3. decide on the conflict of jurisdictions between provincial bodies and bodies of local self-government units,
4. decide on the conflict of jurisdictions between bodies of different autonomous provinces or bodies of different local self-government units,
5. decide on electoral disputes for which the court jurisdiction has not been specified by the Law,
6. perform other duties stipulated by the Constitution and the Law.
The Constitutional Court shall decide on the banning of a political party, trade union organization or civic association.
The Constitutional Court shall perform other duties stipulated by the Constitution.3 (Art. 167) - Serbian Cyrillic
Уставни суд одлучује о:
1. сагласности закона и других општих аката са Уставом, општеприхваћеним правилима међународног права и потврђеним међународним уговорима,
2. сагласности потврђених међународних уговора са Уставом,
3. сагласности других општих аката са законом,
4. сагласности статута и општих аката аутономних покрајина и јединица локалне самоуправе са Уставом и законом,
5. сагласности општих аката организација којима су поверена јавна овлашћења, политичких странака, синдиката, удружења грађана и колективних уговора са Уставом и законом.
Уставни суд:
1. решава сукоб надлежности између судова и других државних органа,
2. решава сукоб надлежности између републичких органа и покрајинских органа или органа јединица локалне самоуправе,
3. решава сукоб надлежности између покрајинских органа и органа јединица локалне самоуправе,
4. решава сукоб надлежности између органа различитих аутономних покрајина или различитих јединица локалне самоуправе,
5. одлучује о изборним споровима за које законом није одређена надлежност судова,
6. врши и друге послове одређене Уставом и законом.
Уставни суд одлучује о забрани рада политичке странке, синдикалне организације или удружења грађана.
Уставни суд обавља и друге послове предвиђене Уставом. (Члан 167)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe following duties correspond to the National Assembly of People's Power:
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b. To issue a general and obligatory interpretation of the Constitution and the laws, in necessary cases, in correspondence with the procedure prescribed by the law;
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e. To ensure the constitutionality of the laws, decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, and other general provisions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the law;
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g. To completely or partially revoke decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, agreements, and general provisions that contradict the Constitution or the laws;
h. To completely or partially revoke the agreements or rulings of the municipal assemblies of the People's Power that violate the Constitution,
… (Art. 108) - SpanishCorresponde a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular:
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b) dar a la Constitución y a las leyes, en caso necesario, una interpretación general y obligatoria, en correspondencia con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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e) ejercer el control de constitucionalidad sobre las leyes, decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos y demás disposiciones generales, de conformidad con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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g) revocar total o parcialmente los decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos, acuerdos o disposiciones generales que contradigan la Constitución o las leyes;
h) revocar total o parcialmente los acuerdos o disposiciones de las asambleas municipales del Poder Popular que contravengan la Constitución,
… (Art. 108)