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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. Foreigners may acquire Bolivian nationality by naturalization if they are legally in the country for more than three years of uninterrupted residence under the supervision of the State, and they expressly manifest their desire to obtain Bolivian nationality and comply with the requisites established by law.
II. The time of residence shall be reduced to two years in the case of foreigners who are in one of the following situations:
1. They have a Bolivian spouse, a Bolivian child or children, or Bolivian adoptive parents. Foreign citizens who acquire citizenship by marriage with Bolivian citizens do not lose it in the case of widowhood or divorce.
… (Art. 142) - SpanishI. Podrán adquirir la nacionalidad boliviana por naturalización las extranjeras y los extranjeros en situación legal, con más de tres años de residencia ininterrumpida en el país bajo supervisión del Estado, que manifiesten expresamente su voluntad de obtener la nacionalidad boliviana y cumplan con los requisitos establecidos en la ley.
II. El tiempo de residencia se reducirá a dos años en el caso de extranjeras y extranjeros que se encuentren en una de las situaciones siguientes:
1. Que tengan cónyuge boliviana o boliviano, hijas bolivianas o hijos bolivianos o padres sustitutos bolivianos. Las ciudadanas extranjeras o los ciudadanos extranjeros que adquieran la ciudadanía por matrimonio con ciudadanas bolivianas o ciudadanos bolivianos no la perderán en caso de viudez o divorcio.
… (Art. 142)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- EnglishThe following persons shall become citizens on 19th September 1983:
(a) every person who, having been born in Saint Christopher and Nevis, was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen;
(b) every person who, having been born outside Saint Christopher and Nevis, was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen by virtue of registration or naturalization in Saint Christopher and Nevis or by virtue of his or her adoption in Saint Christopher and Nevis in a manner recognized by law;
(c) every other person who was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and either of whose parents becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a), (b) or (d);
(d) every other person who was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and who is or has been married to a person who becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a), (b) or (c);
(e) every other person who, having been born, adopted in a manner recognised by law, registered or, as the case may be, naturalized in Anguilla before 19th December 1980 and having been ordinarily resident in Saint Christopher and Nevis since a date earlier than that date, was immediately before 19th September 1983 a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen;
(f) any person who was immediately before 19th September 1983 a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and one of whose grandparents becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a) or (b);
(g) every other person who immediately before that date by virtue of section 113(10) of the Constitution then in force belonged to Saint Christopher and Nevis for the purposes of that Constitution; and
(h) every other person who was immediately before that date under the age of eighteen years and is the child of a person who becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of any of the preceding paragraphs. (Sec. 90)
Citizenship and Nationality
Honduras
- EnglishHonduran nationality is acquired by birth or by naturalization. (Art. 22)
- SpanishLa nacionalidad hondureña se adquiere por nacimiento y por naturalización. (Art. 22)
Citizenship and Nationality
Bahamas
- EnglishParliament may make provision-
a. for the acquisition of citizenship of The Bahamas by persons who do not become citizens of The Bahamas by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter3;
b. for depriving of his citizenship of The Bahamas any person who is a citizen of The Bahamas otherwise than by virtue of paragraphs (1) or (2) of Articles 6 or 8 of this Constitution; or
c. for the certification of citizenship of The Bahamas for persons who have acquired that citizenship and who desire such certification. (Art. 13)
Citizenship and Nationality
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishThe substantive and procedural rules relating to the acquisition, election, renunciation and recovery of the Venezuelan nationality, as well as the revocation and withdrawal of naturalization, shall be determined by law, in compliance with the foregoing provisions. (Art. 38)
- SpanishLa ley dictará, de conformidad con las disposiciones anteriores, las normas sustantivas y procesales relacionadas con la adquisición, opción, renuncia y recuperación de la nacionalidad venezolana, así como con la revocación y nulidad de la naturalización. (Art. 38)
Citizenship and Nationality
Barbados
- English(1) Every person who, having been born in Barbados, is on 29th November, 1966 a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall become a citizen of Barbados on 30th November, 1966.
(2) Every person who, having been born outside Barbados, is on 29th November, 1966 a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall, if his father becomes or would but for his death have become a citizen of Barbados in accordance with the provisions of subsection (1), become a citizen of Barbados on 30th November, 1966.
(3) Any person who on 29th November 1966 is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies,
(a) having become such a citizen under the British Nationality Act 1948 by virtue of his having been naturalised in Barbados as a British subject before that Act came into force; or
(b) having become such a citizen by virtue of his having been naturalised or registered in Barbados under that Act, shall become a citizen of Barbados on 30th November 1966. (Sec. 2)
Citizenship and Nationality
Paraguay
- EnglishThe exercise of citizenship is suspended:
1. because of the adoption of another nationality, excepting international reciprocity;
… (Art. 153) - SpanishSe suspende el ejercicio de la ciudadanía:
1. por la adopción de otra nacionalidad, salvo reciprocidad internacional;
… (Art. 153)
Citizenship and Nationality
Grenada
- English(1) Parliament may make provision for the acquisition of citizenship of Grenada by persons who are not eligible or who are no longer eligible to become citizens of Grenada under the provisions of this Chapter2.
(2) Parliament may make provision for depriving of his citizenship of Grenada any person who is a citizen of Grenada otherwise than by virtue of section 94, section 96 or section 97 of this Constitution.
(3) Parliament may make provision for the renunciation by any person of his citizenship of Grenada. (Sec. 99)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jamaica
- EnglishEvery person born outside Jamaica shall become a citizen of Jamaica-
a. on the sixth day of August, 1962, in the case of a person born before that date; or
b. on the date of his birth, in the case of a person born on or after the sixth day of August, 1962,
if, at that date, his father or mother is a citizen of Jamaica by birth, descent or registration by virtue of marriage to a citizen of Jamaica. (Sec. 3C)
Citizenship and Nationality
Colombia
- EnglishColombian nationals are:
1. By birth:
a. The natives [naturales] of Colombia, with one of two conditions: that the father or the mother have been natives or Colombian nationals or that, being children of aliens, any of their parents should have been domiciled in the Republic at the moment of birth.
b. The children of a Colombian father or mother who have born in a foreign land and later domiciled in Colombian territory or registered in a consular office of the Republic.
2. By adoption:
a. Aliens who apply for and obtain [a] card of naturalization, in accordance with the law, which will establish the cases in which Colombian nationality is lost through adoption.
b. Latin Americans and Caribbeans by birth domiciled in Colombia, who, with the authorization of the Government and in accordance with the law and the principle of reciprocity, request to be registered as Colombians before the municipality where they are established.
c. Members of the indigenous peoples who share frontier territories, with application of the principle of reciprocity according to public treaties.
No Colombian by birth may be deprived of their nationality.
The quality of Colombian nationality is not lost by the act of acquiring another nationality. Nationals by adoption will not be obligated to renounce their nationality of origin or adoption.
Those who have renounced their Colombian nationality may recover it in accordance with the law. (Art. 96) - SpanishSon nacionales colombianos:
Por nacimiento:
a) Los naturales de Colombia, que con una de dos condiciones: que el padre o la madre hayan sido naturales o nacionales colombianos o que, siendo hijos de extranjeros, alguno de sus padres estuviere domiciliado en la República en el momento del nacimiento y;
b) Los hijos de padre o madre colombianos que hubieren nacido en tierra extranjera y fuego se domiciliaren en territorio colombiano o registraren en una oficina consular de la República.
2. Por adopción:
a) Los extranjeros que soliciten y obtengan carta de naturalización, de acuerdo con la ley, la cual establecerá los casos en los cuales se pierde la nacionalidad colombiana por adopción;
b) Los Latinoamericanos y del Caribe por nacimiento domiciliados en Colombia, que con autorización del Gobierno y de acuerdo con la ley y el principio de reciprocidad, pidan ser inscritos como colombianos ante la municipalidad donde se establecieren, y;
c) Los miembros de los pueblos indígenas que comparten territorios fronterizos, con aplicación del principio de reciprocidad según tratados públicos.
Ningún colombiano por nacimiento podrá ser privado de su nacionalidad. La calidad de nacional colombiano no se pierde por el hecho de adquirir otra nacionalidad. Los nacionales por adopción no estarán obligados a renunciar a su nacionalidad de origen o adopción.
Quienes hayan renunciado a la nacionalidad colombiana podrán recobrarla con arreglo a la ley. (Art. 96)