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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) Every person shall have freedom to choose and change his residence and to choose his occupation to the extent that it does not interfere with the public welfare.
… (Art. 22) - Japanese1 何人も、公共の福祉に反しない限り、居住、移転及び職業選択の自由を有する。
… (第22条)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishEveryone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, protection at work and material assistance during temporary unemployment. Every job is open to all under equal conditions. Every employee has a right to appropriate remuneration. Every employee has the right to paid daily, weekly and annual leave. Employees cannot waive this right. The exercise of the rights of employees and their position are regulated by law and collective agreements. (Art. 32)
- MacedonianСекој има право на работа, слободен избор на вработување, заштита при работењето и материјална обезбеденост за време на привремена невработеност. Секому, под еднакви услови, му е достапно секое работно место. Секој вработен има право на соодветна заработувачка. Секој вработен има право на платен дневен, неделен и годишен одмор. Oд овие права вработените не можат да се откажат. Остварувањето на правата на вработените и нивната положба се уредуваат со закон и со колективни договори. (Член 32)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishNo one may be prejudiced in their work or in their employment for reason of gender, of age, of religion, of opinions, of origins, of belonging to a trade-union or of political convictions. (Art. 28)
- FrenchNul ne peut être lésé dans son travail ou dans son emploi en raison du sexe, de l'âge, de la religion, des opinions, des origines, de l'appartenance à une organisation syndicale ou des convictions politiques. (Art. 28)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishThe rights consigned in this section are irrenounceable for the workers, susceptible of being exceeded [superado] through individual or collective contracting, and in the form established by the law. For this objective the State will encourage and protect collective negotiation. The stipulations that call for the renunciation, reduction, distortion [tergiversación], or limitation of the rights recognized for the workers in the Constitution, in the law, in the international treaties ratified by Guatemala, in the regulations or in [any] other provisions with regards to work, will be void ipso jure and will not obligate the workers, even if they are expressed in a collective or individual labor contract, in an agreement or in another document.
In case of doubt in the interpretation or scope of [the] legal provisions, regulations, or contractual [provisions] within the labor matters, they will be interpreted in the most favorable sense for the workers. (Art. 106) - SpanishLos derechos consignados en esta sección son irrenunciables para los trabajadores, susceptibles de ser superados a través de la contratación individual o colectiva, y en la forma que fija la ley. Para este fin el Estado fomentará y protegerá la negociación colectiva. Serán nulas ipso jure y no obligarán a los trabajadores, aunque se expresen en un contrato colectivo o individual de trabajo, en un convenio o en otro documento, las estipulaciones que impliquen renuncia, disminución, tergiversación o limitación de los derechos reconocidos a favor de los trabajadores en la Constitución, en la ley, en los tratados internacionales ratificados por Guatemala, en los reglamentos u otras disposiciones relativas al trabajo.
En caso de duda sobre la interpretación o alcance de las disposiciones legales, reglamentarias o contractuales en materia laboral, se interpretarán en el sentido más favorable para los trabajadores. (Art. 106)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English...
2. Everyone shall have the right to economic freedom and free use of his/her abilities and property for any economic activity not prohibited by law.
3. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of labor, the use of his/her their abilities for work and choice of profession and occupation, labor protection and labor arrangements meeting safety and hygienic requirements as well as the right to remuneration for labor not less than minimum subsistence level. (Art. 42) - Russian...
2. Каждый имеет право на экономическую свободу, свободное использование своих способностей и своего имущества для любой экономической деятельности, не запрещенной законом.
3. Каждый имеет право на свободу труда, распоряжаться своими способностями к труду, на выбор профессии и рода занятий, охрану и условия труда, отвечающие требованиям безопасности и гигиены, а также право на вознаграждение за труд не ниже установленного законом прожиточного минимума. (Статья 42) - Kyrgyz...
2. Ар ким экономикалык эркиндикке ээ, өз жөндөмдүүлүгү менен мүлкүн мыйзамда тыюу салынбаган ар кандай экономикалык ишмердүүлүк үчүн эркин колдонууга укуктуу.
3. Ар ким эркин эмгектенүүгө, эмгекке жөндөмдүүлүгүн пайдаланууга, кесибин жана иштин түрүн тандоого, коопсуздуктун жана гигиенанын талаптарына жооп берген эмгектик коргоого жана эмгек шарттарына укуктуу, ошондой эле мыйзам менен белгиленген жашоо минимумунан төмөн болбогон эмгек акы алуу укугуна ээ. (42-берене)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) Parliament passes constitutional, organic, and ordinary laws.
…
(3) Organic laws shall regulate:
…
p) the general rules covering labour relations, trade unions, employers' associations, and social protection;
… (Art. 73) - Romanian(1) Parlamentul adoptă legi constituţionale, legi organice şi legi ordinare.
...
(3) Prin lege organică se reglementează:
...
p) regimul general privind raporturile de muncă, sindicatele, patronatele şi protecţia socială;
... (Art. 73)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English1. The laws of constitutional revision have to respect:
…
k. the rights of workers and syndical associations;
… (Art. 300) - Portuguese1. As leis de revisão constitucional têm de respeitar:
…
k) os direitos dos trabalhadores e das associações sindicais;
… (Art. 300)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishDomestics shall be protected by social legislation. Persons rendering domestic services in industrial, commercial, and social enterprises and in others of a similar nature shall be considered manual workers and have the rights granted to them. (Art. 131)
- SpanishLos trabajadores domésticos serán amparados por la legislación social. Quienes prestan servicios de carácter doméstico en empresas industriales, comerciales, sociales y demás equiparables, serán considerados como trabajadores manuales y tendrán los derechos reconocidos a éstos. (Art. 131)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English
(1) Every labourer shall have the right to fair labour practice.
Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, "labourer" means a labourer or worker who does physical or intellectual work for an employer in consideration for remuneration.
(2) Every labourer shall have the right to appropriate remuneration, facilities and contributory social security.
… (Art. 34) - Nepali
(१) प्रत्येक श्रमिकलाई उचित श्रम अभ्यासको हक हुनेछ ।
स्पष्टीकरणः यस धाराको प्रयोजनकालागि “श्रमिक” भन्नाले पारिश्रमिकलिई रोजगारदाताकालागि शारीरिक वा बौद्धिक कार्य गर्ने कामदार वा मजदूर सम्झनु पर्छ ।
(२) प्रत्येक श्रमिकलाई उचित पारिश्रमिक, सुविधा तथा योगदानमा आधारित सामाजिक सुरक्षाको हक हुनेछ ।
... (धारा ३४)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) All Spaniards have the duty to work and the right to work, to the free choice of profession or trade, to advancement through work, and to a sufficient remuneration for the satisfaction of their needs and those of their families. Under no circumstances may they be discriminated on account of their sex.
(2) The law shall regulate a Workers' Statute. (Sec. 35) - Spanish1. Todos los españoles tienen el deber de trabajar y el derecho al trabajo, a la libre elección de profesión u oficio, a la promoción a través del trabajo y a una remuneración suficiente para satisfacer sus necesidades y las de su familia, sin que en ningún caso pueda hacerse discriminación por razón de sexo.
2. La ley regulará un estatuto de los trabajadores. (Art. 35)