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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Religious Law
Thailand
- EnglishThe King shall be enthroned in a position of revered worship and shall not be violated.
No person shall expose the King to any sort of accusation or action. (Sec. 6) - Thaiองค์พระมหากษัตริย์ทรงดํารงอยู่ในฐานะอันเป็นที่เคารพสักการะ ผู้ใดจะละเมิดมิได้
ผู้ใดจะกล่าวหาหรือฟ้องร้องพระมหากษัตริย์ในทางใดๆ มิได้ (มาตรา ๖)
Religious Law
Kenya
- English(1) There shall be a Chief Kadhi and such number, being not fewer than three, of other Kadhis as may be prescribed under an Act of Parliament.
(2) A person shall not be qualified to be appointed to hold or act in the office of Kadhi unless the person—
(a) professes the Muslim religion; and
(b) possesses such knowledge of the Muslim law applicable to any sects of Muslims as qualifies the person, in the opinion of the Judicial Service Commission, to hold a Kadhi’s court.
(3) Parliament shall establish Kadhis’ courts, each of which shall have the jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by legislation, subject to clause (5).
(4) The Chief Kadhi and the other Kadhis, or the Chief Kadhi and such of the other Kadhis (not being fewer than three in number) as may be prescribed under an Act of Parliament, shall each be empowered to hold a Kadhi’s court having jurisdiction within Kenya.
(5) The jurisdiction of a Kadhis’ court shall be limited to the determination of questions of Muslim law relating to personal status, marriage, divorce or inheritance in proceedings in which all the parties profess the Muslim religion and submit to the jurisdiction of the Kadhi’s courts. (Art. 170) - Swahili(1) Kutakuwa na Kadhi Mkuu na idadi hiyo, hiatakuwa chini ya Makadhi wengine watatu, kama inavyoweza kuamriwa chini ya Sheria ya Bunge.
(2) Mtu hatakuwa na sifa ya kuteuliwa kushikilia au kufanya kazi katika ofisi ya Kadhi isipokuwa mtu huyo—
(a) ni muumini wa dini ya Kiislamu; na
(b) anayo maarifa ya sheria ya Kiislamu inayotumika kwa madhehebu yoyote ya Waislamu yanayompa sifa mtu huyo, kwa maoni ya Tume ya Huduma ya Mahakama, ya kushikilia mahakama ya Kadhi.
(3) Bunge litaunda mahakama za Kadhi, ambazo kila moja itakuwa na mamlaka na madaraka yatakayotolewa na sheria, kwa mujibu wa ibara ya (5).
(4) Kadhi Mkuu na Makadhi wengineo, au Kadhi Mkuu na baadhi ya Makadhi wengine (hawatakuwa chini ya idadi ya watu watatu) kama inavyoweza kuamriwa chini ya Sheria ya Bunge, kila mmoja atawezeshwa kushikilia mahakama ya Kadhi yenye mamlaka ndani ya Kenya.
(5) Mamlaka ya Mahakama ya Kadhi yatakuwa na mipaka itakayoishia katika kuamua shauri la sheria ya Kiisilamu inayohusiana na hadhi binafsi, ndoa, talaka au urithi katika kesi ambazo kwazo pande zote ni waumini wa dini ya Kiislamu na wanaitii mamlaka ya mahakama za Kadhi. (Kifungu cha 170)
Religious Law
Indonesia
- English…
(2) The judicial power shall be implemented by a Supreme Court and judicial bodies underneath it in the form of public courts, religious affairs courts, military tribunals, and state administrative courts, and by a Constitutional Court.
… (Art. 24) - Indonesian…
(2) Kekuasaan kehakiman dilakukan oleh sebuah Mahkamah Agung dan badan peradilan yang berada di bawahnya dalam lingkungan peradilan umum, lingkungan peradilan agama, lingkungan peradilan militer, lingkungan peradilan tata usaha negara, dan oleh sebuah Mahkamah Konstitusi.
… (Pasal 24)
Religious Law
Andorra
- English...
3. The Constitution guarantees the Roman Catholic Church free and public exercise of its activities and the preservation of the relationship of special co-operation with the State in accordance with Andorran tradition.
The Constitution recognises the full legal capacity of the bodies of the Roman Catholic Church which have legal status in accordance with their own rules. (Art. 11) - Catalan...
3. La Constitució garanteix a l'Església Catòlica l'exercici lliure i públic de les seves activitats i el manteniment de les relacions de col.laboració especial amb l'Estat d'acord amb la tradició andorrana.
La Constitució reconeix a les entitats de l'Església Catòlica que tenen personalitat jurídica d'acord amb les seves pròpies normes la plena capacitat jurídica dins de l'àmbit de l'ordenament general andorrà. (Art. 11)
Religious Law
Algeria
- English
Islam is the religion of the State. (Art. 2)
- Arabic
الإسلام دين الدّولة. (المــادة 2)
- French
L'Islam est la religion de l'Etat. (Art. 2)
Religious Law
Mali
- English…
The republican form and the secularity of the State as well as the [regime of] plural-parties [multipartisme] cannot be the object of revision. (Art. 118) - French…
La forme républicaine et la laïcité de l'Etat ainsi que le multipartisme ne peuvent faire l'objet de révision. (Art. 118)
Religious Law
Iraq
- EnglishFirst: Islam is the official religion of the State and is a foundation source of legislation:
A. No law may be enacted that contradicts the established provisions of Islam.
B. No law may be enacted that contradicts the principles of democracy.
C. No law may be enacted that contradicts the rights and basic freedoms stipulated in this Constitution.
Second: This Constitution guarantees the Islamic identity of the majority of the Iraqi people and guarantees the full religious rights to freedom of religious belief and practice of all individuals such as Christians, Yazidis, and Mandean Sabeans. (Art. 2) - Arabicاولاً :ـ الاسلام دين الدولة الرسمي، وهو مصدرٌ اساس للتشريع:
أ ـ لا يجوز سن قانونٍ يتعارض مع ثوابت احكام الاسلام.
ب ـ لا يجوز سن قانونٍ يتعارض مع مبادئ الديمقراطية.
ج ـ لا يجوز سن قانونٍ يتعارض مع الحقوق والحريات الاساسية الواردة في هذا الدستور.
ثانياً :ـ يضمن هذا الدستور الحفاظ على الهوية الاسلامية لغالبية الشعب العراقي، كما ويضمن كامل الحقوق الدينية لجميع الافراد في حرية العقيدة والممارسة الدينية، كالمسيحيين، والايزديين، والصابئة المندائيين. (المادة 2)
Religious Law
Hungary
- English…
(4) The protection of the constitutional identity and Christian culture of Hungary shall be an obligation of every organ of the State. (Foundation, Art. R) - Hungarian…
(4) Magyarország alkotmányos önazonosságának és keresztény kultúrájának védelme az állam minden szervének kötelessége. (Alapvetés, R) cikk)
Religious Law
Bahamas
- English…
And Whereas the People of this Family of Islands recognizing that the preservation of their Freedom will be guaranteed by a national commitment to Self-discipline, Industry, Loyalty, Unity and an abiding respect for Christian values and the Rule of Law;
… (Preamble)
Religious Law
Kuwait
- EnglishThe religion of the State is Islam and Islamic Law shall be a main source of legislation. (Art. 2)
- Arabicدين الدولة الإسلام ، والشريعة الإسلامية مصدر رئيسي للتشريع. (المادّة 2)