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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Head of State
Philippines
- EnglishNo person may be elected President unless he is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, able to read and write, at least forty years of age on the day of the election, and a resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election. (Art. VII, Sec. 2)
- FilipinoHindi maaaring mahalal na Pangulo ang sino mang tao matangi kung siya ay isang katutubong inianak na mamamayan ng Pilipinas, isang reshistradong botante, nakababasa at nakasusulat, apatnapung taon man lamang ang gulang sa araw ng halalan, at isang residente ng Pilipinas sa loob ng sampung taon man lamang kagyat bago ang gayong halalan. (Art. VII, Seksyon 2)
Head of State
Senegal
- EnglishAny candidate to the Presidency of the Republic must be exclusively of Senegalese nationality, enjoying his civil and political rights, [and] be thirty-five (35) years of age at least and seventy-five (75) years at most [on] the day of the ballot. He must know how to write, to read and to fluently speak the official language. (Art. 28)
- FrenchTout candidat à la Présidence de la République doit être exclusivement de nationalité sénégalaise, jouir de ses droits civils et politiques, être âgé de trente cinq (35) ans au moins et de soixante quinze (75) ans au plus le jour du scrutin. Il doit savoir écrire, lire et parler couramment la langue officielle. (Art. 28)
Head of State
Botswana
- English(1) A person shall be qualified for election as President if, and shall not be qualified unless, he or she-
(a) is a citizen of Botswana by birth or descent;
(b) has attained the age of 30 years; and
(c) is qualified to be elected as a Member of the National Assembly.
(2) Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, for the purposes of this section and section 39-
(a) the term "citizen by birth" shall be understood to include only those persons who became citizens of Botswana prior to the amendment of the law relating to citizenship by the Citizenship Act;
(b) any person who, although his or her father was a citizen of Botswana at the time of that person's birth, had, by virtue of his or her having been born outside Botswana, to be registered as a citizen of Botswana, under the law relating to citizenship in force at that time, shall be regarded as a citizen by descent. (Sec. 33)
Head of State
Belgium
- EnglishI. – The provisions of Article 85 will for the first time be applicable to the progeny of H.R.H. Prince Albert, Felix, Humbert, Theodore, Christian, Eugene, Marie, Prince of Liege, Prince of Belgium, it being understood that the marriage of H.R.H. Princess Astrid, Josephine, Charlotte, Fabrizia, Elisabeth, Paola, Marie, Princess of Belgium to Lorenz, Archduke of Austria-Este, is regarded as having obtained the consent described in Article 85, second paragraph.
Until such time, the following provisions remain in effect.
The constitutional powers of the King are hereditary through the direct, natural and legitimate descent from H.M. Leopold, George, Christian, Frederick of Saxe-Coburg, from male to male, by order of primogeniture and with the permanent exclusion of women and of their descendants.
… (Title IX) - DutchI. — De bepalingen van artikel 85 zullen voor het eerst toepassing vinden op de nakomelingschap van Z.K.H. Prins Albert, Felix, Humbert, Theodoor, Christiaan, Eugène, Marie, Prins van Luik, Prins van België, met dien verstande dat het huwelijk van H.K.H. Prinses Astrid, Josephine, Charlotte, Fabrizia, Elisabeth, Paola, Marie, Prinses van België, met Lorenz, Aartshertog van Oostenrijk-Este, geacht wordt de in artikel 85, tweede lid, bedoelde toestemming te hebben verkregen.
Tot dan blijven de hiernavolgende bepalingen van toepassing.
De grondwettelijke macht van de Koning gaat bij erfopvolging over op de natuurlijke en wettige nakomelingschap, in de rechte lijn, van Z.M. Leopold, Joris, Christiaan, Frederik van Saksen-Coburg, van man op man, volgens eerstgeboorterecht en met altijddurende uitsluiting van de vrouwen en van hun nakomelingschap.
... (Titel IX) - FrenchI. Les dispositions de l’article 85 seront pour la première fois d’application à la descendance de S.A.R. le Prince Albert, Félix, Humbert, Théodore, Christian, Eugène, Marie, Prince de Liège, Prince de Belgique, étant entendu que le marriage de S.A.R. la Princesse Astrid, Joséphine, Charlotte, Fabrizia, Elisabeth, Paola, Marie, Princesse de Belgique, avec Lorenz, Archiduc d’Autriche-Este, est censé avoir obtenu le consentement visé à l’article 85, alinéa 2.
Jusqu’à ce moment, les dispositions suivantes restent d’application.
Les pouvoirs constitutionnels du Roi sont héréditaires dans la descendance directe, naturelle et légitime de S.M. Léopold, Georges, Chrétien, Frédéric de Saxe-Cobourg, de mâle en mâle, par ordre de primogéniture et à l’exclusion perpétuelle des femmes et de leur descendance.
… (Titre IX) - GermanI. Die Bestimmungen von Artikel 85 werden zum ersten Mal Anwendung finden auf die Nachkommenschaft S.K.H. Prinz Albert, Felix, Humbert, Theodor, Christian, Eugen, Maria, Prinz von Lüttich, Prinz von Belgien, wobei als vereinbart gilt, dass davon auszugehen ist, dass die Heirat I.K.H. Prinzessin Astrid, Josephine, Charlotte, Fabrizia, Elisabeth, Paola, Maria, Prinzessin von Belgien, mit Lorenz, Erzherzog von Österreich-Este die in Artikel 85 Absatz 2 erwähnte Zustimmung erhalten hat.
Bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt kommen folgende Bestimmungen weiterhin zur Anwendung:
Die verfassungsmäßige Gewalt des Königs geht durch Erbfolge in gerader Linie über auf die leibliche und legitime Nachkommenschaft S.M. Leopold, Georg, Christian, Friedrich von Sachsen-Coburg, und zwar in männlicher Linie, nach dem Recht der Erstgeburt und unter immerwährendem Ausschluss der Frauen und ihrer Nachkommenschaft.
... (Titel IX)
Head of State
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of
- English
The First Chairman of the State Affairs Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is the supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, who represents the State. (Art. 100)
- Korean
조선민주주의인민공화국 국무위원회 위원장은 국가를 대표하는 조선민주주의인민공화국의 최고령도자이다. (제100조)
Head of State
Qatar
- EnglishThe Emir shall, by an Emiri Order, appoint an Heir Apparent after consultation with the members of the Ruling Family and the people of wisdom (Ahal Alhal wal agd) in the State. The Heir Apparent must be a Muslim of a Qatari Muslim Mother. (Art. 9)
- Arabicيعيّن الأمير ولي العهد بأمر أميري و ذلك بعد التّشاور مع العائلة الحاكمة و أهل الحلّ و العقد في البلاد. و يشترط في وليّ العهد أم يكون مسلما من أم قطرية مسلمة. (المادّة 9)
Head of State
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishThe election of the President of the Republic shall be by universal suffrage by direct and secret ballot, in accordance with law. The candidate who has received a majority of the valid votes cast shall be proclaimed elected. (Art. 228)
- SpanishLa elección del Presidente o Presidenta de la República se hará por votación universal, directa y secreta, en conformidad con la ley. Se proclamará electo o electa el candidato o la candidata que hubiere obtenido la mayoría de votos válidos (Art. 228)
Head of State
Honduras
- EnglishTo be President or Vice President of the Republic it is required:
1. To be Honduran by birth;
2. To be more than thirty (30) years [of age];
3. To be in the enjoyment of the rights of citizens; and,
4. To be of secular estate. (Art. 238) - SpanishPara ser Presidente o Designado a la Presidencia, se requiere:
1. Ser hondureño por nacimiento;
2. Ser mayor de treinta (30) años;
3. Estar en el goce de los derechos del ciudadano; y,
4. Ser del Estado seglar (Art. 238)
Head of State
Seychelles
- EnglishThere shall be a President of Seychelles who shall be the Head of State, Head of Government and Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Forces of Seychelles. (Art. 50)
Head of State
Kuwait
- EnglishKuwait is a hereditary Amirate held in succession in the descendants of the Mubarak Al Sabah.
The Heir Apparent shall be appointed within a period not exceeding one year from the date of the Amir's investiture, and his appointment shall follow his nomination by the Amir and the swearing of fealty to him by a consenting majority of the members composing the National Assembly sitting in special session.
Where the appointment does not proceed as indicated above, the Amir shall nominate at least three of the above-mentioned lineage to the heirdom and the Assembly shall swear fealty to one of them as Heir Apparent.
To qualify, the Heir Apparent must have attained the age of majority, must be endowed with reason and must be a legitimate son of Muslim parents.
All of the provisions governing the succession to the Principality shall be set out in a special Ordinance to be promulgated within one year from the coming into force of this Constitution. This special Ordinance shall have force of constitutional law and may not therefore be amended save in the manner prescribed for the amendment of the Constitution itself. (Art. 4) - Arabicالكويت إمارة وراثية في ذرية المغفور له مبارك الصباح.
ويعين ولي العهد خلال سنة على الأكثر من تولية الأمير، ويكون تعيينه بأمر أميري بناء على تزكية الأمير ومبايعة من مجلس الأمة تتم في جلسة خاصة، بموافقة أغلبية الأعضاء الذين يتألف منهم المجلس.
وفي حالة عدم التعيين على النحو السابق يزكي الأمير لولاية العهد ثلاثة على الأقل من الذرية المذكورة فيبايع المجلس أحدهم ولياً للعهد.
ويشترط في ولي العهد أن يكون رشيداً عاقلاً وابناً شرعياً لأبوين مسلمين.
وينظم سائر الأحكام الخاصة بتوارث الإمارة قانون خاص يصدر في خلال سنة من تاريخ العمل بهذا الدستور، وتكون له صفة دستورية، فلا يجوز تعديله إلا بالطريقة المقررة لتعديل الدستور. (المادّة 4)