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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Obligations of the State
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the peace, order and good government of Malta in conformity with full respect for human rights,
… (Art. 65) - Maltese(1) Bla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni, il-Parlament jista’ jagħmel liġijiet għall-paċi, ordni u gvernar tajjeb ta’ Malta b’mod konformi ma’ rispett sħiħ għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem,
… (Art. 65)
Obligations of the State
- EnglishThe enunciation of the rights and guarantees contained in the Constitution and in the international agreements in effect must not be understood as a negation of others which, being inherent to the human person, are not expressly mentioned in them. (Art. 94)
- SpanishLa enunciación de los derechos y garantías contenidos en la Constitución y en los convenios internacionales vigentes, no debe entenderse como negación de otros que, siendo inherentes a la persona humana, no figuren expresamente en ellos. (Art. 94)
Obligations of the State
- English...
B. Lebanon has an Arab identity and belonging. It is a founding active member of the Arab League, committed to its Charter; as it is a founding active member of the United Nations Organization, committed to its Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The State embodies these principles in all sectors and scopes without exception.
C. Lebanon is a democratic parliamentary republic based upon the respect of public freedoms, freedom of opinion and freedom of belief; and of social justice and equality in rights and duties among all citizens, without distinction or preference.
… (Preamble) - Arabic...
ب. لبنان عربي الهوية والانتماء وهو عضو مؤسس وعامل في جامعة الدول العربية وملتزم بميثاقها، كما هو عضو مؤسس وعامل في منظمة الأمم المتحدة وملتزم بميثاقها وبالإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان وتجسّد الدّولة هذه المبادئ في جميع الحقوق والمجالات دون استثناء.
ج. لبنان جمهوريّة ديمقراطيّة برلمانيّة، تقوم على احترام الحرّيات العامّة وفي طليعتها حرّية الرأي والمعتقد، وعلى العدالة الاجتماعية والمساواة في الحقوق والواجبات بين جميع المواطنين دون تمييز أو تفضيل.
... (التّوطئة)
Obligations of the State
- English1. This Constitution is founded upon the following underlying principles—
…
d. the inherent dignity and worth of each human being requires that the State and all persons shall recognize and protect human rights and afford the fullest protection to the rights and views of all individuals, groups and minorities whether or not they are entitled to vote;
… (Sec. 12)
Obligations of the State
- EnglishThe authorities of the State shall respect and ensure human rights as they are expressed in this Constitution and in the treaties concerning human rights that are binding for Norway. (Art. 92)
- NorwegianStatens myndigheter skal respektere og sikre menneskerettighetene slik de er nedfelt i denne grunnlov og i for Norge bindende traktater om menneskerettigheter. (§ 92)
Obligations of the State
- EnglishThe exercise of rights shall be governed by the following principles:
1. Rights can be exercised, promoted and enforced individually or collectively before competent authorities; these authorities shall guarantee their enforcement.
2. All persons are equal and shall enjoy the same rights, duties and opportunities.
…
3. The rights and guarantees set forth in the Constitution and in international human rights instruments shall be directly and immediately enforced by and before any civil, administrative or judicial servant, either by virtue of their office or at the request of the party.
For the exercise of rights and constitutional guarantees, no conditions or requirements shall be established other than those set forth in the Constitution or by law. Rights shall be fully actionable. Absence of a legal regulatory framework cannot be alleged to justify their infringement or ignorance thereof, to dismiss proceedings filed as a result of these actions or to deny their recognition.
4. No legal regulation can restrict the contents of rights or constitutional guarantees.
5. In terms of rights and constitutional guarantees, public, administrative or judicial servants must abide by the most favorable interpretation of their effective force.
6. All principles and rights are unalienable, obligatory, indivisible, interdependent and of equal importance.
7. Recognition of the rights and guarantees set forth in the Constitution and in international human rights instruments shall not exclude the other rights stemming from the dignity of persons, communities, peoples and nations that might be needed for their full development.
8. The contents of rights shall be developed progressively by means of standards, case law, and public policies. The State shall generate and guarantee the conditions needed for their full recognition and exercise.
Any deed or omission of a regressive nature that diminishes, undermines or annuls without justification the exercise of rights shall be deemed unconstitutional.
9. The State’s supreme duty consists of respecting and enforcing respect for the rights guaranteed in the Constitution.
The State, its delegates, concession holders and all persons acting in the exercise of public authority, shall be obligated to redress infringements of the rights of individuals for negligence or inadequacies in the provision of public services or for the deeds or omissions of their public officials and employees in the performance of their duties.
The State shall immediately exercise the right to file a claim for restoration against those persons responsible for the damage produced, without detriment to civil, criminal and administrative liabilities.
The State shall be held liable for arbitrary arrest and detention, miscarriage of justice, unjustified delay or inadequate administration of justice, violation of the right to effective protection of the court, and any violations of the principles and rules of due process of law.
When a final judgment of conviction is reversed or vacated, the State shall provide redress to the person who has sustained damages as a result of this judgment; when the responsibility for such acts by public, administrative or judicial servants is identified, they shall be duly charged to obtain restitution. (Art. 11) - SpanishEI ejercicio de los derechos se regirá por los siguientes principios:
1. Los derechos se podrán ejercer, promover y exigir de forma individual o colectiva ante las autoridades competentes; estas autoridades garantizarán su cumplimiento.
2. Todas las personas son iguales y gozarán de los mismos derechos, deberes y oportunidades.
…
3. Los derechos y garantías establecidos en la Constitución y en los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos serán de directa e inmediata aplicación por y ante cualquier servidora o servidor público, administrativo o judicial, de oficio o a petición de parte.
Para el ejercicio de los derechos y las garantías constitucionales no se exigirán condiciones o requisitos que no estén establecidos en la Constitución o la ley.
Los derechos serán plenamente justiciables. No podrá alegarse falta de norma jurídica para justificar su violación o desconocimiento, para desechar la acción por esos hechos ni para negar su reconocimiento.
4. Ninguna norma jurídica podrá restringir el contenido de los derechos ni de las garantías constitucionales.
5. En materia de derechos y garantías constitucionales, las servidoras y servidores públicos, administrativos o judiciales, deberán aplicar la norma y la interpretación que más favorezcan su efectiva vigencia.
6. Todos los principios y los derechos son inalienables, irrenunciables, indivisibles, interdependientes y de igual jerarquía.
7. El reconocimiento de los derechos y garantías establecidos en la Constitución y en los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos, no excluirá los demás derechos derivados de la dignidad de las personas, comunidades, pueblos y nacionalidades, que sean necesarios para su pleno desenvolvimiento.
8. El contenido de los derechos se desarrollará de manera progresiva a través de las normas, la jurisprudencia y las políticas públicas. El Estado generará y garantizará las condiciones necesarias para su pleno reconocimiento y ejercicio.
Será inconstitucional cualquier acción u omisión de carácter regresivo que disminuya, menoscabe o anule injustificadamente el ejercicio de los derechos.
9. El más alto deber del Estado consiste en respetar y hacer respetar los derechos garantizados en la Constitución.
El Estado, sus delegatarios, concesionarios y toda persona que actúe en ejercicio de una potestad pública, estarán obligados a reparar las violaciones a los derechos de los particulares por la falta o deficiencia en la prestación de los servicios públicos, o por las acciones u omisiones de sus funcionarias y funcionarios, y empleadas y empleados públicos en el desempeño de sus cargos.
El Estado ejercerá de forma inmediata el derecho de repetición en contra de las personas responsables del daño producido, sin perjuicio de las responsabilidades civiles, penales y administrativas.
El Estado será responsable por detención arbitraria, error judicial, retardo injustificado o inadecuada administración de justicia, violación del derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva, y por las violaciones de los principios y reglas del debido proceso.
Cuando una sentencia condenatoria sea reformada o revocada, el Estado reparará a la persona que haya sufrido pena como resultado de tal sentencia y, declarada la responsabilidad por tales actos de servidoras o servidores públicos, administrativos o judiciales, se repetirá en contra de ellos. (Art. 11)
Obligations of the State
- English
The Sultan shall undertake the following functions and powers:
– Preserving the independence of the country and its territorial integrity, protecting its security, safeguarding the rights and liberties of citizens, guaranteeing the rule of law and directing the public policy of the state.
... (Art. 49) - Arabic
يقوم السلطان بالمهام والصلاحيات الآتية:
– المحافظة على استقلال البلاد، ووحدة أراضيها، وحماية أمنها، ورعاية حقوق المواطنين وحرياتهم، وكفالة سيادة القانون، وتوجيه السياسة العامة للدولة.
… (المادّة ٤٩)
Obligations of the State
- EnglishThe fundamental objectives of the Republic of Mozambique shall be:
...
e. the defence and promotion of human rights and of the equality of citizens before the law;
… (Art. 11) - PortugueseO Estado moçambicano tem como objectivos fundamentais:
...
e) a defesa e a promoção dos direitos humanos e da igualdade dos cidadãos perante a lei;
... (Art. 11)
Obligations of the State
- English(1) Constitutional provisions concerning the citizens' rights and liberties shall be interpreted and enforced in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, with the covenants and other treaties Romania is a party to.
(2) Where any inconsistencies exist between the covenants and treaties on the fundamental human rights Romania is a party of, and the national laws, the international regulations shall take precedence, unless the Constitution or national laws comprise more favourable provisions. (Art. 20) - Romanian(1) Dispoziţiile constituţionale privind drepturile şi libertăţile cetăţenilor vor fi interpretate şi aplicate în concordanţă cu Declaraţia Universală a Drepturilor Omului, cu pactele şi cu celelalte tratate la care România este parte.
(2) Dacă există neconcordanţe între pactele şi tratatele privitoare la drepturile fundamentale ale omului, la care România este parte, şi legile interne, au prioritate reglementările internaţionale, cu excepţia cazului în care Constituţia sau legile interne conţin dispoziţii mai favorabile. (Art. 20)
Obligations of the State
- English
Whereas every person in Botswana is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his or her race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest to each and all of the following:
a. life, liberty, security of the person and the protection of the law;
b. freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association; and
c. protection for the privacy of his or her home and other property and from deprivation of property without compensation,
... (Sec. 3)