Belize

WHEREAS the people of Belize-
…
(c) believe that the will of the people shall form the basis of government in a democratic society in which the government is freely elected by universal adult suffrage and in which all persons may, to the extent of their capacity, play some part in the institutions of national life and thus develop and maintain due respect for lawfully constituted authority;
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(e) require policies of state … which protect … the right to vote in elections
… (Preamble)

Whereas every person in Belize is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
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(b) freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association;
… (Sec. 3)

(1) Except with his own consent, a person shall not be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of assembly and association, that is to say, his right to assemble freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to trade unions or other associations for the protection of his interests or to form or belong to political parties or other political associations.
… (Sec. 13)

At any general election-
(a) every citizen of Belize or a citizen of any Commonwealth Country who has attained the age of eighteen years and who satisfies the requirements of the Representation of the People Act shall have the right to vote;
(b) no person shall be entitled to more than one vote; and
(c) votes shall be cast in a secret ballot. (Sec. 92)

(1) There shall be an Elections and Boundaries Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members who shall be persons of integrity and high national standing.
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(13) The Commission shall be responsible for the direction and supervision of the registration of voters and the conduct of elections, referenda and all matters connected therewith.
… (Sec. 88)

There shall be a Governor-General of Belize who shall be a citizen of Belize appointed by Her Majesty and shall hold office during Her Majesty's pleasure and who shall be Her Majesty's representative in Belize. (Sec. 30)

(1) The executive authority of Belize is vested in Her Majesty.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive authority of Belize may be exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by the Governor-General either directly or through officers subordinate to him.
... (Sec. 36)

(1) There shall be a Prime Minister of Belize who shall be appointed by the Governor-General.
(2) Whenever the Governor-General has occasion to appoint a Prime Minister he shall appoint a member of the House of Representatives who is the leader of the political party which commands the support of the majority of the members of that House; and if no political party has an overall majority, he shall appoint a member of that House who appears to him likely to command the support of the majority of the members of that House:
… (Sec. 37)

(1) There shall be, in addition to the office of Prime Minister, such other offices of Minister of the Government as may be established by the National Assembly or, subject to the provisions of any law enacted by the National Assembly, by the Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
(2) Appointments to the office of Minister shall be made by the Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister, from among members of the House of Representatives and of the Senate:
Provided that persons holding the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives or President of the Senate may not be appointed to the office of Minister:
Provided further that the Cabinet shall be comprised of -
(a) not more than two-thirds of the elected Members of the party that obtains the majority seats in the House of Representatives following the holding of a general election; and
(b) not more than four Senators:
Provided further that, subject to section 42(3) of this Constitution, a national of Belize may be appointed as Attorney General whether or not that person is a member of either House of the National Assembly.
… (Sec. 40)

(1) There shall be a Cabinet of Ministers for Belize which shall consist of the Prime Minister and the other Ministers:
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(2) The Cabinet shall be the principal executive instrument of policy with general direction and control of the Government and shall be collectively responsible to the National Assembly … (Sec. 44)

There shall be in and for Belize a Legislature which shall consist of a National Assembly comprising two Houses, that is to say, a House of Representatives and a Senate. (Sec. 55)

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the House of Representatives shall consist of thirty-one members who shall be elected in the manner provided by law.
… (Sec. 56)

Subject to the provisions of section 58 of this Constitution, a person shall be qualified to be elected as a member of the House of Representatives if, and shall not be qualified to be so elected unless, he-
(a) is a citizen of Belize of the age of eighteen years or upwards; and
(b) has resided in Belize for a period of at least one year immediately before the date of his nomination for election. (Sec. 57)

(1) Subject to subsection (2), the Senate shall consist of thirteen members (in this Constitution referred to as “Senators”) who shall be appointed by the Governor-General in accordance with the provisions of this section.
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(4) Of the thirteen Senators-
(a) six shall be appointed by the Governor-General acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister;
(b) three shall be appointed by the Governor-General acting in accordance with the advice of the Leader of the Opposition;
(c) one shall be appointed by the Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Belize Council of Churches and Evangelical Association of Churches;
(d) one shall be appointed by the Governor-General acting in accordance with the advice of the Belize Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Belize Business Bureau; and
(e) one shall be appointed by the Governor-General acting in accordance with the advice of the National Trade Union Congress and the Civil Society Steering Committee.
(f) one shall be appointed by the Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the non-governmental organisations.
... (Sec. 61)

Subject to the provisions of section 63 of this Constitution, a person shall be qualified to be appointed as a Senator if, and shall not be qualified to be so appointed unless, he-
(a) is a citizen of Belize of the age of eighteen years or upwards; and
(b) has resided in Belize for a period of at least one year immediately before the date of his appointment. (Sec. 62)

Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the National Assembly may make laws for the peace, order and good government of Belize. (Sec. 68)