Political Constitution of the United Mexican States 1917, as amended to 2023
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    The right to assemble or associate peacefully for any licit objective may not be restricted; but only the citizens of the Republic may do so to take part in the political matters of the country.
    … (Art. 9)
  • Spanish
    No se podrá coartar el derecho de asociarse o reunirse pacíficamente con cualquier objeto lícito; pero solamente los ciudadanos de la República podrán hacerlo para tomar parte en los asuntos políticos del país.
    … (Art. 9)
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    The men and women who, having the status of Mexicans, meet, as well, the following requirements[,] are citizens of the Republic:
    I. Having reached eighteen years [of age], and
    II. Having an honest mode of living. (Art. 34)
  • Spanish
    Son ciudadanos de la República los varones y mujeres que, teniendo la calidad de mexicanos, reúnan, además, los siguientes requisitos:
    I. Haber cumplido 18 años, y
    II. Tener un modo honesto de vivir. (Art. 34)
Political Rights and Association
  • English

    Rights of the citizen are:
    I. To vote in the popular elections;
    II. To be able to be voted for in conditions of parity for all the offices [cargos] of popular election, having the qualifications [calidades] that the law establishes. The right to solicit registry as candidates [masculine] and candidates [feminine,] before the corresponding electoral authority[,] of the political parties, as well as of citizens [masculine] and citizens [feminine] that solicit their registration in independent manner and complying with the requirements, conditions and terms that the legislation determines;
    III. To associate individually and freely for taking part in a peaceful form in the political matters of the country;
    …
    VI. Having the qualifications that the law establishes, to be able to be appointed for any office [empleo] or commission of the public service;
    …
    VIII. To vote in the popular consultations concerning the subjects [temas] of national or regional transcendence,
    ... (Art. 35)

  • Spanish

    Son derechos de la ciudadanía:
    I. Votar en las elecciones populares;
    II. Poder ser votada en condiciones de paridad para todos los cargos de elección popular, teniendo las calidades que establezca la ley. El derecho de solicitar el registro de candidatos y candidatas ante la autoridad electoral corresponde a los partidos políticos, así como a los ciudadanos y las ciudadanas que soliciten su registro de manera independiente y cumplan con los requisitos, condiciones y términos que determine la legislación;
    III. Asociarse individual y libremente para tomar parte en forma pacífica en los asuntos políticos del país;
    …
    VI. Poder ser nombrado para cualquier empleo o comisión del servicio público, teniendo las calidades que establezca la ley;
    …
    VIII. Votar en las consultas populares sobre temas de trascendencia nacional o regional,
    … (Art. 35)

Political Rights and Association
  • English
    …
    I. The political parties are entities of public interest; … In the nomination [postulación] of their candidatures, the principle of parity of gender will be observed.
    The political parties have as [their] objective ... to promote the principle of parity of gender, ... in accordance with the programs, principles and ideas they postulate and by way of universal, free, secret and direct suffrage, as well as the regulations that the electoral law specifies [marque] to guarantee the parity of gender, in candidatures to the different offices of popular election. Only the citizens [masculine] and citizens [feminine] may form political parties and affiliate freely and individually with them;
    ... (Art. 41)
  • Spanish
    …
    I. Los partidos políticos son entidades de interés público; … En la postulación de sus candidaturas, se observará el principio de paridad de género.
    Los partidos políticos tienen como fin ... fomentar el principio de paridad de género, ... de acuerdo con los programas, principios e ideas que postulan y mediante el sufragio universal, libre, secreto y directo, así como con las reglas que marque la ley electoral para garantizar la paridad de género, en las candidaturas a los distintos cargos de elección popular. Sólo los ciudadanos y ciudadanas podrán formar partidos políticos y afiliarse libre e individualmente a ellos;
    … (Art. 41)
1

Political Constitution of the United Mexican States 1917, as amended to 2023 (English), available in HeinOnline World Constitutions Illustrated Library (2024).

2

Political Constitution of the United Mexican States 1917, as amended to 2023 (Spanish).

Links to all sites last visited 16 January 2024
3
Refer to the full provision of Art. 37 for other rules on the grounds of deprivation of nationality.
4
Refer to the full provision of Art. 123 for all measures regarding employment protection.
5

Refer to Sections A and B of Article 2 on rights of indigenous peoples.