Links to all sites last visited 28 February 2024
Political Constitution of the Republic of Panama 1972, as amended to 2004
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
There shall be no public or private privileges, or discrimination, by reason of race, birth, social class, handicap, sex, religion or political ideology. (Art. 19)
- Spanish
No habrá fueros o privilegios ni discriminación por razón de raza, nacimiento, discapacidad, clase social, sexo, religión o ideas políticas. (Art. 19)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
All Panamanians and aliens are equal before the Law, but the Law, for reasons of labor, health, morality, public security and national economy, may subject to special conditions, or may deny the exercise of specific activities to aliens in general. … (Art. 20)
- Spanish
Los panameños y los extranjeros son iguales ante la Ley, pero ésta podrá, por razones de trabajo, de salubridad, moralidad, seguridad pública y economía nacional, subordinar a condiciones especiales o negar el ejercicio de determinadas actividades a los extranjeros en general. … (Art. 20)
1
Political Constitution of the Republic of Panama 1972, as amended to 2004 (English). According to Art. 7: “Spanish is the official language of the Republic.”
3
Chapter 3 on Work.
4
Chapter 8 on Agrarian System.
5
Chapter 8 on Agrarian System.