Afghanistan

The citizens of Afghanistan shall have the right to elect and be elected. The conditions of exercising this right shall be regulated by law. (Art. 33)

To attain moral and material goals, the citizens of Afghanistan shall have the right to form associations in accordance with provisions of the law. The people of Afghanistan shall have the right, in accordance with provisions of the law, to form political parties, ... (Art. 35)

Members of the House of People shall be elected by the people through free, general, secret, and direct balloting. ... The elections law shall adopt measures to attain, through the electorate system, general and fair representation for all the people of the country, and proportionate to the population of every province, on average, at least two females shall be the elected members of the House of People from each province. (Art. 83)

Members of the House of Elders shall be elected and appointed as follows:
1. From amongst each provincial council members, one individual shall be elected by the respective council for a four year term;
2. From amongst district councils of each province, one individual, elected by the respective councils, for a three year term;
3. The remaining one third of the members shall be appointed by the President, for a five year term, from amongst experts and experienced personalities, including two members from amongst the impaired and handicapped, as well as two from nomads.
The President shall appoint 50 percent of these individuals from amongst women. The individual selected as a member of the House of Elders shall lose membership to the related Council, and, another individual shall be appointed in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 84)

To attain moral and material goals, the citizens of Afghanistan shall have the right to form associations in accordance with provisions of the law.
The people of Afghanistan shall have the right, in accordance with provisions of the law, to form political parties, provided that:
1. Their manifesto and charter shall not contravene the Holy religion of Islam and principles and values enshrined in this constitution;
2. Their organizations and financial resources shall be transparent;
3. They shall not have military or quasi-military aims and organizations; and
4. They shall not be affiliated with foreign political parties or other sources.
Formation and operation of a party on the basis of tribalism, parochialism, language, as well as religious sectarianism shall not be permitted. A party or association formed according to provisions of the law shall not be dissolved without legal causes and the order of an authoritative court. (Art. 35)

The Independent Elections Commission shall be established to administer and supervise every kind of elections as well as refer to general public opinion of the people in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 156)

The President shall be the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, executing his authorities in the executive, legislative and judiciary fields in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. … (Art. 60)

The President shall be elected by receiving more than fifty percent of votes cast by voters through free, general, secret and direct voting. ... (Art. 61)

The individual who becomes a presidential candidate shall have the following qualifications:
1. Shall be a citizen of Afghanistan, Muslim, born of Afghan parents and shall not be a citizen of another country;
2. Shall not be less than forty years old the day of candidacy;
3. Shall not have been convicted of crimes against humanity, a criminal act or deprivation of civil rights by court.
No individual shall be elected for more than two terms as President. The provision of this article shall also apply to Vice-Presidents. (Art. 62)

The President shall be the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, executing his authorities in the executive, legislative and judiciary fields in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. The President shall have two Vice-Presidents, first and second. The Presidential candidate shall declare to the nation names of both vice presidential running mates. … (Art. 60)

The individual who becomes a presidential candidate shall have the following qualifications:
1. Shall be a citizen of Afghanistan, Muslim, born of Afghan parents and shall not be a citizen of another country;
2. Shall not be less than forty years old the day of candidacy;
3. Shall not have been convicted of crimes against humanity, a criminal act or deprivation of civil rights by court.
No individual shall be elected for more than two terms as President. The provision of this article shall also apply to Vice-Presidents. (Art. 62)

The President shall have the following authorities and duties:
…
11. Appoint the Ministers,
… (Art. 64)

The Government shall be comprised of Ministers who work under the chairmanship of the President. The number of Ministers as well as their duties shall be regulated by law. (Art. 71)

The individual appointed as Minister shall have the following qualifications:
1. Shall have only the citizenship of Afghanistan; if the ministerial candidate has the citizenship of another country as well, the House of People shall have the right to approve or reject the nomination;
2. Shall have higher education, work experience, as well as a good reputation;
3. Shall not be less than 35 years of age;
4. Shall not have been convicted of crimes against humanity, a criminal act or deprivation of civil rights by a court. (Art. 72)

The Ministers shall be appointed from amongst members of the National Assembly or outside. … (Art. 73)

The National Assembly of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, as the highest legislative organ, shall manifest the will of its people as well as represent the entire nation.
… (Art. 81)

The National Assembly consists of two houses: House of People and House of Elders.
… (Art. 82)

Members of the House of People shall be elected by the people through free, general, secret, and direct balloting. ... The elections law shall adopt measures to attain, through the electorate system, general and fair representation for all the people of the country, and proportionate to the population of every province, on average, at least two females shall be the elected members of the House of People from each province. (Art. 83)

Members of the House of Elders shall be elected and appointed as follows:
1. From amongst each provincial council members, one individual shall be elected by the respective council for a four year term;
2. From amongst district councils of each province, one individual, elected by the respective councils, for a three year term;
3. The remaining one third of the members shall be appointed by the President, for a five year term, from amongst experts and experienced personalities, including two members from amongst the impaired and handicapped, as well as two from nomads.
The President shall appoint 50 percent of these individuals from amongst women. The individual selected as a member of the House of Elders shall lose membership to the related Council, and, another individual shall be appointed in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 84)

The individual who becomes a candidate or appointed to the membership of the National Assembly, in addition to the completion of the conditions of the election, shall have the following qualifications:
1. Shall be a citizen of Afghanistan or shall have obtained citizenship of the state of Afghanistan at least ten years prior to candidacy date or appointment;
2. Shall not have been convicted of crimes against humanity, as well as a crime or deprivation from civil rights by a court;
3. Shall have completed twenty-five years of age on candidacy day for the House of People, and thirty-five years on candidacy day or appointment for the House of Elders. (Art. 85)