Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation 1999, as amended to 2023
Limitations and/or Derogations
  • English

    1 Restrictions on fundamental rights must have a legal basis. Significant restrictions must have their basis in a federal act. The foregoing does not apply in cases of serious and immediate danger where no other course of action is possible.
    2 Restrictions on fundamental rights must be justified in the public interest or for the protection of the fundamental rights of others.
    3 Any restrictions on fundamental rights must be proportionate.
    4 The essence of fundamental rights is sacrosanct. (Art. 36)

  • French

    1 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être fondée sur une base légale. Les restrictions graves doivent être prévues par une loi. Les cas de danger sérieux, direct et imminent sont réservés.
    2 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être justifiée par un intérêt public ou par la protection d’un droit fondamental d’autrui.
    3 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être proportionnée au but visé.
    4 L’essence des droits fondamentaux est inviolable. (Art. 36)

  • German

    1 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten bedürfen einer gesetzlichen Grundlage. Schwerwiegende Einschränkungen müssen im Gesetz selbst vorgesehen sein. Ausgenommen sind Fälle ernster, unmittelbarer und nicht anders abwendbarer Gefahr.
    2 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten müssen durch ein öffentliches Interesse oder durch den Schutz von Grundrechten Dritter gerechtfertigt sein.
    3 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten müssen verhältnismässig sein.
    4 Der Kerngehalt der Grundrechte ist unantastbar. (Art. 36)

  • Italian

    1 Le restrizioni dei diritti fondamentali devono avere una base legale. Se gravi, devono essere previste dalla legge medesima. Sono eccettuate le restrizioni ordinate in caso di pericolo grave, immediato e non altrimenti evitabile.
    2 Le restrizioni dei diritti fondamentali devono essere giustificate da un interesse pubblico o dalla protezione di diritti fondamentali altrui.
    3 Esse devono essere proporzionate allo scopo.
    4 I diritti fondamentali sono intangibili nella loro essenza. (Art. 36)

Limitations and/or Derogations
  • English

    1 All significant provisions that establish binding legal rules must be enacted in the form of a federal act. These include in particular fundamental provisions on:
    …
    b. the restriction of constitutional rights;
    … (Art. 164)

  • French

    1 Toutes les dispositions importantes qui fixent des règles de droit doivent être édictées sous la forme d’une loi fédérale. Appartiennent en particulier à cette catégorie les dispositions fondamentales relatives:
    …
    b. à la restriction des droits constitutionnels;
    … (Art. 164)

  • German

    1 Alle wichtigen rechtsetzenden Bestimmungen sind in der Form des Bundesgesetzes zu erlassen. Dazu gehören insbesondere die grundlegenden Bestimmungen über:
    …
    b. die Einschränkungen verfassungsmässiger Rechte;
    … (Art. 164)

  • Italian

    1 Tutte le disposizioni importanti che contengono norme di diritto sono emanate sotto forma di legge federale. Vi rientrano in particolare le disposizioni fondamentali in materia di:
    …
    b. restrizioni dei diritti costituzionali;
    … (Art. 164)

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According to Art. 41: “... 3 They shall endeavour to achieve these social objectives within the scope of their constitutional powers and the resources available to them. 4 No direct right to state benefits may be established on the basis of these social objectives.”

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According to Art. 176 (2): "The President and the Vice-President of the Federal Council are elected by the Federal Assembly from the members of the Federal Council ..."

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According to Art. 176 (2): "The President and the Vice-President of the Federal Council are elected by the Federal Assembly from the members of the Federal Council ..."