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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following persons are Ecuadorians by naturalization:
1. Those who obtain the naturalization card.
2. Under-age foreigners adopted by a female or male Ecuadorian, who shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
3. Those born abroad of a mother or father who is Ecuadorian by naturalization, while they are minors, shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality, as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
4. Those who marry, or have a common-law marriage with, an Ecuadorian female or male, in accordance with the law.
5. Those who obtain Ecuadorian nationality for having provided important services to the country on the basis of their talent or individual effort.
Those who acquire the Ecuadorian nationality shall not be obligated to forfeit their nationality of origin.
Ecuadorian nationality acquired by naturalization shall be forfeited by express renunciation. (Art. 8) - SpanishCon ecuatorianas y ecuatorianos por naturalización las siguientes personas:
1. Las que obtengan la carta de naturalización.
2. Las extranjeras menores de edad adoptadas por una ecuatoriana o ecuatoriano, que conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana mientras no expresen voluntad contraria.
3. Las nacidas en el exterior de madre o padre ecuatorianos por naturalización, mientras aquéllas sean menores de edad; conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana si no expresan voluntad contraria.
4. Las que contraigan matrimonio o mantengan unión de hecho con una ecuatoriana o un ecuatoriano, de acuerdo con la ley.
5. Las que obtengan la nacionalidad ecuatoriana por haber prestado servicios relevantes al país con su talento o esfuerzo Individual.
Quienes adquieran la nacionalidad ecuatoriana no estarán obligados a renunciar a su nacionalidad de origen.
La nacionalidad ecuatoriana adquirida por naturalización se perderá por renuncia expresa. (Art. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Every person has the right:
…
21. To his nationality. No one may be deprived of it.
… (Art. 2) - Spanish
Toda persona tiene derecho:
…
21. A su nacionalidad. Nadie puede ser despojado de ella.
… (Art. 2)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe Venezuelan nationality is not lost upon electing or acquiring another nationality. (Art. 34)
- SpanishLa nacionalidad venezolana no se pierde al optar o adquirir otra nacionalidad. (Art. 34)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishChilean nationality is lost:
1. By voluntary renouncement manifested before a competent Chilean authority. This renunciation will only produce effects if the person, previously, has been naturalized in a foreign country;
2. By supreme decree, in the case of the provision of services during a foreign war to enemies of Chile or to their allies;
3. By cancellation of naturalization papers; and
4. By [a] law which revokes the naturalization conceded by grant.
Those who have lost Chilean nationality for any of the causes established in this Article, can only be rehabilitated by law. (Art. 11) - SpanishLa nacionalidad chilena se pierde:
1º.- Por renuncia voluntaria manifestada ante autoridad chilena competente. Esta renuncia sólo producirá efectos si la persona, previamente, se ha nacionalizado en país extranjero;
2º.- Por decreto supremo, en caso de prestación de servicios durante una guerra exterior a enemigos de Chile o de sus aliados;
3º.- Por cancelación de la carta de nacionalización, y
4º.- Por ley que revoque la nacionalización concedida por gracia.
Los que hubieren perdido la nacionalidad chilena por cualquiera de las causales establecidas en este artículo, sólo podrán ser rehabilitados por ley. (Art. 11)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe status [calidad] of Costa Rican is not lost and is irrenounceable. (Art. 16)
- SpanishLa calidad de costarricense no se pierde y es irrenunciable. (Art. 16)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishCongress is empowered:
…
12.- … to enact general laws of naturalization and nationality for the whole nation, based on the principle of nationality by birth or by option for the benefit of Argentina;
… (Sec. 75) - SpanishCorresponde al Congreso:
…
12. Dictar … leyes generales para toda la Nación sobre naturalización y nacionalidad, con sujeción al principio de nacionalidad natural y por opción en beneficio de la Argentina;
… (Art. 75)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishNeither marriage nor its dissolution shall affect the nationality of the spouses or their children. (Art. 27)
- SpanishNi el matrimonio ni su disolución afectan la nacionalidad de los cónyuges o de sus hijos. (Art. 27)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following are of natural Paraguayan nationality:
1. the persons born in the territory of the Republic;
2. the children of a Paraguayan father or mother who, being one or both at the service of the Republic, are born abroad;
3. the children of a Paraguayan father or mother born abroad, when they reside permanently in the Republic, and
4. the children of unknown [ignorados] parents, found in the territory of the Republic.
… (Art. 146) - SpanishSon de nacionalidad paraguaya natural:
1. las personas nacidas en el territorio de la República;
2. los hijos de madre o padre paraguayo quienes, hallándose uno o ambos al servicio de la República, nazcan en el extranjero;
3. los hijos de madre o padre paraguayo nacidos en el extranjero, cuando aquéllos se radiquen en la República en forma permanente, y
4. los infantes de padres ignorados, recogidos en el territorio de la República.
… (Art. 146)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishA person is a Cuban citizen through naturalization if:
a. They are a foreigner that acquires citizenship according to the provisions of the law.
b. Having been arbitrarily deprived of their citizenship in their country of origin, they obtain Cuban citizenship at the discretion of the President of the Republic. (Art. 35) - SpanishSon ciudadanos cubanos por naturalización:
a) los extranjeros que adquieren la ciudadanía de acuerdo con lo establecido en la ley;
b) los que obtengan la ciudadanía cubana por decisión del Presidente de la República. (Art. 35)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Foreigners may be naturalized, with prior renunciation of their nationality and by solicitation before the competent authority, when they fulfill the requirements and conditions that the law on the matter establishes. (Art. 19)
- Spanish
Los extranjeros pueden ser nacionalizados, previa renuncia a su nacionalidad y mediante solicitud ante autoridad competente, cuando cumplieren los requisitos y condiciones que establezcan las leyes de la materia. (Art. 19)