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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- English…
2) The following principles shall be established in the municipal laws:
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d) the right of the municipality to grant citizenship
… (Art. 110) - German…
2) In den Gemeindegesetzen sind folgende Grundzüge festzulegen:
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d) Recht der Gemeinde zur Aufnahme von Bürgern
... (Art. 110)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) There is a common South African citizenship.
(2) All citizens are-
(a) equally entitled to the rights, privileges and benefits of citizenship; and
(b) equally subject to the duties and responsibilities of citizenship.
(3) National legislation must provide for the acquisition, loss and restoration of citizenship. (Sec. 3)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) A woman married to a man who is a citizen of Ghana or a man married to a woman who is a citizen of Ghana may, upon making an application in the manner prescribed by Parliament, be registered as a citizen of Ghana.
(2) Clause (1) of this article applies also to a person who was married to a person who, but for his or her death, would have continued to be a citizen of Ghana under clause (1) of article 6 of this Constitution.
(3) Where the marriage of a woman is annulled after she has been registered as a citizen of Ghana under clause (1) of this article, she shall, unless she renounces that citizenship, continue to be a citizen of Ghana.
(4) Any child of a marriage of a woman registered as a citizen of Ghana under clause (1) of this article to which clause (3) of this article applies, shall continue to be a citizen of Ghana unless he renounces that citizenship.
(5) Where upon an application by a man for registration under clause (1) of this article, it appears to the authority responsible for the registration that a marriage has been entered into primarily with a view to obtaining the registration, the authority may request the applicant to satisfy him that the marriage was entered into in good faith; and the authority may only effect the registration upon being so satisfied.
(6) In the case of a man seeking registration, clause (1) of this article applies only if the applicant permanently resides in Ghana. (Art. 7)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Central Americans of origin have the right to opt for Nicaraguan nationality, without the necessity of renouncing their nationality and may solicit it before the competent authority when resident in Nicaragua. (Art. 17)
- Spanish
Los centroamericanos de origen tienen derecho de optar a la nacionalidad nicaragüense, sin necesidad de renunciar a su nacionalidad y pueden solicitarla ante la autoridad competente cuando residan en Nicaragua. (Art. 17)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Romanian citizenship can be acquired, retained or lost as provided by the organic law.
(2) Romanian citizenship cannot be withdrawn if acquired by birth. (Art. 5) - Romanian(1) Cetăţenia română se dobândeşte, se păstrează sau se pierde în condiţiile prevăzute de legea organică.
(2) Cetăţenia română nu poate fi retrasă aceluia care a dobândit-o prin naştere. (Art. 5)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. A citizen of Uganda of eighteen years and above, who voluntarily acquires the citizenship of a country other than Uganda may retain the citizenship of Uganda subject to this Constitution and any law enacted by Parliament.
2. A person who is not a citizen of Uganda may, on acquiring the citizenship of Uganda, subject to this Constitution and any law enacted by Parliament, retain the citizenship of another country.
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5. Where the law of a country, other than Uganda, requires a person who marries a citizen of that country to renounce the citizenship of his or her own country by virtue of that marriage, a citizen of Uganda who is deprived of his or her citizenship by virtue of that marriage shall, on the dissolution of that marriage, if he or she thereby loses his or her citizenship acquired by that marriage, become a citizen of Uganda.
6. Parliament shall by law prescribe the circumstances under which-
a. a citizen of Uganda who acquires the citizenship of another country, may retain the citizenship of Uganda;
b. a citizen of Uganda whose citizenship of origin is of another country and who holds the citizenship of another country, may cease to be a citizen of Uganda;
c. a person who is not a citizen of Uganda may, on acquiring Uganda citizenship, retain the citizenship of another country.
7. Parliament shall, by law, prescribe the offices of State which a person who holds the citizenship of another country in addition to the citizenship of Uganda is not qualified to hold. (Art. 15)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Those born in the territory of the Republic are Peruvians by birth. Also so are those born abroad of [a] Peruvian father or mother, inscribed in the corresponding register, conforming to law.
Those who acquire nationality by naturalization or by option, are also Peruvians, as long as they maintain residence in Peru. (Art. 52) - Spanish
Son peruanos por nacimiento los nacidos en el territorio de la República. También lo son los nacidos en el exterior de padre o madre peruanos, inscritos en el registro correspondiente, conforme a ley.
Son asimismo peruanos los que adquieren la nacionalidad por naturalización o por opción, siempre que tengan residencia en el Perú. (Art. 52)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishNotwithstanding anything in article 5, any person who or either of whose parents or any of whose grand-parents was born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935 (as originally enacted), and who is ordinarily residing in any country outside India as so defined shall be deemed to be a citizen of India if he has been registered as a citizen of India by the diplomatic or consular representative of India in the country where he is for the time being residing on an application made by him therefor to such diplomatic or consular representative, whether before or after the commencement of this Constitution, in the form and manner prescribed by the Government of the Dominion of India or the Government of India. (Art. 8)
- Hindiअनुच्छेद 5 में किसी बात के होते हुए भी, कोई व्यक्ति जो या जिसके माता या पिता में से कोई अथवा पितामह या पितामही या मातामह या मातामही में से कोई (मूल रूप में यथा अधिनियमित) भारत शासन अधिनियम, 1935 में परिभाषित भारत में जन्मा था जो और जो इस प्रकार परिभाषित भारत के बाहर किसी देश में मामूली तौर से निवास कर रहा है, भारत का नागरिक समझा जाएगा, यदि वह नागरिकता प्राप्ति के लिए भारत डोमिनियन की सरकार द्वारा या भारत सरकार द्वारा विहित प्रारूप में और रीति से अपने द्वारा उस देश में, जहां वह तत्समय निवास कर रहा है, भारत के राजनयिक या कौंसलीय प्रतिनिधि को इस संविधान के प्रारंभ से पहले या उसके पश्चात आवेदन किए जाने पर ऐसे राजनयिक या कौंसलीय प्रतिनिधि द्वारा भारत का नागरिक रजिस्ट्रीकृत कर लिया गया है। (अनुच्छेद 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following are determined exclusively by the laws of Ukraine:
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2) citizenship
… (Art. 92) - UkrainianВиключно законами України визначаються:
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2) громадянство
… (Стаття 92)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Every person who, immediately before the effective date, was a Zimbabwean citizen continues to be a Zimbabwean citizen after that date.
(2) Every person who was born in Zimbabwe before the effective date is a Zimbabwean citizen by birth if—
(a) one or both of his or her parents was a citizen of a country which became a member of the Southern African Development Community established by the treaty signed at Windhoek in the Republic of Namibia on the 17th August, 1992; and
(b) he or she was ordinarily resident in Zimbabwe on the effective date. (Sec. 43)