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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall perform the following duties, in addition to those granted to it by the law:
1. To be the supreme body for interpreting the Constitution and international human rights treaties ratified by the Ecuadorian State by its rulings and judgments. Its decisions shall be binding.
2. To hear and resolve public claims of unconstitutionality, based either on substantive or procedural grounds, filed against general regulatory acts issued by authorities of the State. The declaration of unconstitutionality shall lead to invalidation of the challenged regulatory act.
3. To declare, by virtue of its office, unconstitutional those norms that are related, when in those cases submitted to its examination it concludes that one or various of them are contrary to the Constitution.
4. To hear and resolve, at the request of a party, claims of unconstitutionality against general administrative acts issued by all public authorities. The declaration of unconstitutionality shall lead to the invalidity of the challenged administrative act.
5. To hear and resolve, at the request of the party, claims of noncompliance that are filed to guarantee enforcement of general administrative regulations or acts, regardless of their nature or hierarchy, as well for enforcement of rulings or reports from international organizations for the protection of human rights that are not enforceable through regular judiciary channels.
6. To issue judgments that constitute binding case law with respect to actions of protection, enforcement, habeas corpus, habeas data, access to public information and other constitutional processes, as well as those cases selected by the Court for review.
7. To arbitrate conflicts of jurisdictions or attributions among the branches of government or bodies established by the Constitution.
8. To ensure, by virtue of its office and immediately, monitoring of the constitutionality of the declarations of state of emergency, when this involves the suspension of constitutional rights.
9. To hear and sanction failure to comply constitutional rulings and decisions.
10. To declare the unconstitutionality incurred by State institutions or public authorities that fail to observe, either totally or partially, the mandates contained in constitutional norms, within the time-limits set by the Constitution or within the time-limits deemed to be reasonable by the Constitutional Court. If this failure persists, after this time-limit has elapsed, the Court shall provisionally issue the regulation or enforce the observance, in accordance with the law. (Art. 436) - SpanishLa Corte Constitucional ejercerá, además de las que le confiera la ley, las siguientes atribuciones:
1. Ser la máxima instancia de interpretación de la Constitución, de los tratados internacionales de derechos humanos ratificados por el Estado ecuatoriano, a través de sus dictámenes y sentencias. Sus decisiones tendrán carácter vinculante.
2. Conocer y resolver las acciones públicas de inconstitucionalidad, por el fondo o por la forma, contra actos normativos de carácter general emitidos por órganos autoridades del Estado.
La declaratoria de inconstitucionalidad tendrá como efecto la invalidez del acto normativo impugnado.
3. Declarar de oficio la inconstitucionalidad de normas conexas, cuando en los casos sometidos a su conocimiento concluya que una o varias de ellas son contrarias a la Constitución.
4. Conocer y resolver, a petición de parte, la inconstitucionalidad contra los actos administrativos con efectos generales emitidos por toda autoridad pública. La declaratoria de inconstitucionalidad tendrá como efecto la invalidez del acto administrativo.
5. Conocer y resolver, a petición de parte, las acciones por incumplimiento que se presenten con la finalidad de garantizar la aplicación de normas o actos administrativos de carácter general, cualquiera que sea su naturaleza o jerarquía, así como para el cumplimiento de sentencias o informes de organismos internacionales de protección de derechos humanos que no sean ejecutables por las vías judiciales ordinarias.
6. Expedir sentencias que constituyan jurisprudencia vinculante respecto de las acciones de protección, cumplimiento, hábeas corpus, hábeas data, acceso a la información pública y demás procesos constitucionales, así como los casos seleccionados por la Corte para su revisión.
7. Dirimir conflictos de competencias o de atribuciones entre funciones del Estado u órganos establecidos en la Constitución.
8. Efectuar de oficio y de modo inmediato el control de constitucionalidad de las declaratorias de los estados de excepción, cuando impliquen la suspensión de derechos constitucionales.
9. Conocer y sancionar el incumplimiento de las sentencias y dictámenes constitucionales.
10. Declarar la inconstitucionalidad en que incurran las instituciones del Estado o autoridades públicas que por omisión inobserven, en forma total o parcial, los mandatos contenidos en normas constitucionales, dentro del plazo establecido en la Constitución o en el plazo considerado razonable por la Corte Constitucional. Si transcurrido el plazo la omisión persiste, la Corte, de manera provisional, expedirá la norma o ejecutará el acto omitido, de acuerdo con la ley. (Art. 436)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Subject to this Article, the Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgements, decrees, final orders or sentences of a High Court.
(2) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgement, decree, final order or sentence of a High Court-
…
(f) if the High Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution.
… (Art. 185) - Urdu(ا) اس آرٹیکل کے تابع، عدالت عظمٰی کو کسی عدالت عالیہ کے صادر کردہ فیصلوں، ڈگریوں ، حتمی احکام یا سزاؤں کے خلاف اپیلوں کی سماعت کرنے اور ان پر فیصلہ صادر کرنے کا اختیار ہو گا۔
(۲) کسی عدالت عالیہ کے صادر کردہ کسی فیصلے، ڈگری، حتمی حکم یا سزا کے خلاف اپیل عدالت عظمٰی میں دائرکی جا سکے گی۔
...
(و) اگر عدالت عالیہ اس امر کی تصدیق کر دے کہ مقدمے میں دستور کی تعبیر کے بارے میں کوئی اہم قانونی مسئلہ درپیش ہے۔
…(آرٹیکل ۱۸۵)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Subsection (2) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of primary legislation is compatible with a Convention right.
(2) If the court is satisfied that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(3) Subsection (4) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of subordinate legislation, made in the exercise of a power conferred by primary legislation, is compatible with a Convention right.
(4) If the court is satisfied—
(a) that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, and
(b) that (disregarding any possibility of revocation) the primary legislation concerned prevents removal of the incompatibility,it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(5) In this section “court” means—
(a) the Supreme Court;
(b) the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council;
(c) the Court Martial Appeal Court;
(d) in Scotland, the High Court of Justiciary sitting otherwise than as a trial court or the Court of Session;
(e) in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, the High Court or the Court of Appeal.
(f) the Court of Protection, in any matter being dealt with by the President of the Family Division, the Chancellor of the High Court] or a puisne judge of the High Court.
... (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 4)6
Jurisdiction and Access
- English...
(4) Appeals shall lie from the Court of Appeal to the Supreme Court—
(a) as of right in any case involving the interpretation or application of this Constitution;
(b) in any other case in which the Supreme Court, or the Court of Appeal, certifies that a matter of general public importance is involved, subject to clause (5).
… (Art. 163) - Swahili...
(4) Rufaa itakatwa kutoka Mahakama ya Rufaa kwenda Mahakama Kuu-
(a) kama ilivyo kwa haki katika kesi yoyote inayohusisha ufafanuzi au matumizi ya Katiba hii;
(b) katika kesi nyingine yoyote ambayo Mahakama Kuu, au Mahakama ya Rufaa, inathibitisha kwamba suala la umuhimu kwa umma linahusika, kwa kuzingatia ibara ya (5).
… (Kifungu cha 163)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishA constitutional law will develop the matters relative to [the recourse of] amparo, personal exhibition and the constitutionality of the laws. (Art. 276)
- SpanishUna ley constitucional desarrollará lo relativo al amparo, a la exhibición personal y a la constitucionalidad de las leyes. (Art. 276)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court has duties and powers as follows:
(1) to consider and adjudicate on the constitutionality of a law or bill;
(2) to consider and adjudicate on a question regarding duties and powers of the House of Representative, the Senate, the National Assembly, the Council of Ministers or Independent Organs;
(3) others duties and powers prescribed in the Constitution.
The submission of a petition and the conditions for submitting a petition, the consideration and adjudication, the rendering of a decision, and the operation of the Court, except as prescribed by the Constitution, shall be in accordance with the Organic Act on the Procedures of the Constitutional Court. ... (Sec. 210) - Thaiศาลรัฐธรรมนูญมีหน้าที่และอํานาจดังต่อไปนี้
(๑) พิจารณาวินิจฉัยความชอบด้วยรัฐธรรมนูญของกฎหมายหรือร่างกฎหมาย
(๒) พิจารณาวินิจฉัยปัญหาเกี่ยวกับหน้าที่และอํานาจของสภาผู้แทนราษฎร วุฒิสภา รัฐสภา คณะรัฐมนตรี หรือองค์กรอิสระ
(๓) หน้าที่และอํานาจอื่นตามที่บัญญัติไว้ในรัฐธรรมนูญ
การยื่นคําร้องและเงื่อนไขการยื่นคําร้อง การพิจารณาวินิจฉัย การทําคําวินิจฉัย และการดําเนินงานของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ นอกจากที่บัญญัติไว้ในรัฐธรรมนูญแล้ว ให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัติประกอบรัฐธรรมนูญว่าด้วยวิธีพิจารณาของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ ... (มาตรา ๒๑๐)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe President or a Minister may, in accordance with the approval of the Cabinet, refer to the Supreme Court for its opinion any question concerning the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution which has arisen or appears to the Cabinet likely to arise, and the Supreme Court shall pronounce in open court its opinion on the question. (Art. 55)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court decides obligatorily on:
– the constitutionality of the organic laws and of the laws before their promulgation;
– the internal regulations of the National Assembly, of the High Council of the Collectivities and of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council before their entry into application as to their conformity with the Constitution;
– the conflicts of attribution between the institutions of the State;
– the regularity of the presidential elections, legislative [elections] and the operations of [the] referendum of which it proclaims the results. (Art. 86) - FrenchLa Cour Constitutionnelle statue obligatoirement sur :
• la constitutionnalité des lois organiques et des lois avant leur promulgation;
• les règlements intérieurs de l'Assemblée Nationale, du Haut Conseil des Collectivités et du Conseil Economique, Social et Culturel avant leur mise en application quant à leur conformité à la Constitution;
• les conflits d'attribution entre les institutions de l'Etat;
• la régularité des sélections présidentielles, législatives et des opérations de référendum dont elle proclame les résultats. (Art. 86)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Recourse of Unconstitutionality is established against any law, decree or regulation that is opposed to that provided for by the Political Constitution, [and] may be interposed by any citizen. (Art. 187)
- Spanish
Se establece el Recurso por Inconstitucionalidad contra toda ley, decreto o reglamento que se oponga a lo prescrito por la Constitución Política, el cual podrá ser interpuesto por cualquier ciudadano. (Art. 187)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of the Republic is the highest judicial authority. The law shall specify how it can be formed, clarify its functions and the procedures to be followed before it. It shall undertake to do the following:
a. Judge on cases and pleas that laws, regulations, by-laws and decisions are not constitutional.
b. Judge disputes over conflict of jurisdiction.
c. Investigate and give opinions regarding appeals referred by the House of Representatives which relate to its membership.
d. Rule on appeals of final judgments in civilian, commercial, criminal, personal and administrative disputes and disciplinary cases according to the law.
e. To try the President of the Republic, the Vice President, the Prime Minister, his deputies, the ministers and their deputies according to the law. (Art. 153) - Arabicالمحكمة العليا للجمهورية هي أعلى هيئة قضائية ، ويحدد القانون كيفية تشكيلها ويبين اختصاصاتها والإجراءات التي تتبع أمامها ، وتمارس على وجه الخصوص في مجال القضاء ما يلي:
أ.الفصل في الدعاوى والدفوع المتعلقة بعدم دستورية القوانين واللوائح والأنظمة والقرارات.
ب.الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين جهات القضاء.
ج.التحقيق وإبداء الرأي في صحة الطعون المحالة إليها من مجلس النواب المتعلقة بصحة عضوية أي من أعضائه.
د.الفصل في الطعون في الاحكام النهائية وذلك في القضايا المدنية والتجارية والجنائية والأحوال الشخصية والمنازعات الإدارية والدعاوى التأديبية وفقاً للقانون.
ه.محاكمة رئيس الجمهورية ونائب الرئيس ورئيس الوزراء ونوابه والوزراء ونوابهم وفقاً للقانون.( مادة 153)