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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Armenia
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall, in the manner stipulated by the Law on the Constitutional Court:
1) Determine the conformity with the Constitution of laws, decisions of the National Assembly, orders and decrees of the President of the Republic, decisions of the Government and the Prime Minister, and sub-legislative normative legal acts;
2) Prior to the adoption of the draft Constitutional Amendments, as well as drafts of legal acts put to a referendum, determine their conformity with the Constitution;
3) Prior to the ratification of an international treaty, determine the conformity with the Constitution of obligations enshrined therein;
4) Resolve disputes arising between constitutional bodies with respect to their constitutional powers;
5) Resolve disputes related to decisions adopted with respect to the results of a referendum or the results of elections of the National Assembly and the President of the Republic;
6) Render a decision on termination of the powers of a parliamentarian;
7) Issue an opinion on the existence of a ground for impeaching the President of the Republic;
8) Render a decision on the impossibility for the President of the Republic to discharge his powers;
9) Solve the question of imposing disciplinary liability on a judge of the Constitutional Court;
10) Solve the question of terminating the powers of a judge of the Constitutional Court,
11) Solve the question on initiating criminal prosecution against a judge of the Constitutional Court or consenting to depriving him of liberty with respect to the performance of his duties; and
12) In cases stipulated by law, render a decision on suspending or prohibiting the activities of a party. (Art. 168) - ArmenianՍահմանադրական դատարանը Սահմանադրական դատարանի մասին օրենքով սահմանված կարգով՝
1) որոշում է օրենքների, Ազգային ժողովի որոշումների, Հանրապետության նախագահի հրամանագրերի և կարգադրությունների, Կառավարության և վարչապետի որոշումների, ենթաօրենսդրական նորմատիվ իրավական ակտերի համապատասխանությունը Սահմանադրությանը.
2) մինչև Սահմանադրության փոփոխությունների նախագծի, ինչպես նաև հանրաքվեի դրվող իրավական ակտերի նախագծերի ընդունումը որոշում է դրանց համապատասխանությունը Սահմանադրությանը.
3) մինչև միջազգային պայմանագրի վավերացումը որոշում է դրանում ամրագրված պարտավորությունների համապատասխանությունը Սահմանադրությանը.
4) լուծում է սահմանադրական մարմինների միջև նրանց սահմանադրական լիազորությունների առնչությամբ առաջացող վեճերը.
5) լուծում է հանրաքվեի, Ազգային ժողովի և Հանրապետության նախագահի ընտրությունների արդյունքներով ընդունված որոշումների հետ կապված վեճերը.
6) որոշում է կայացնում պատգամավորի լիազորությունները դադարեցնելու հարցի վերաբերյալ.
7) եզրակացություն է տալիս Հանրապետության նախագահին պաշտոնանկ անելու հիմքերի առկայության մասին.
8) որոշում է կայացնում Հանրապետության նախագահի լիազորությունների կատարման անհնարինության մասին.
9) լուծում է Սահմանադրական դատարանի դատավորին կարգապահական պատասխանատվության ենթարկելու հարցը.
10) լուծում է Սահմանադրական դատարանի դատավորի լիազորությունները դադարեցնելու հարցը.
11) լուծում է իր լիազորությունների իրականացման կապակցությամբ Սահմանադրական դատարանի դատավորի նկատմամբ քրեական հետապնդում հարուցելու կամ նրան ազատությունից զրկելու վերաբերյալ համաձայնություն տալու հարցը.
12) օրենքով սահմանված դեպքերում որոշում է կայացնում կուսակցության գործունեությունը կասեցնելու կամ արգելելու վերաբերյալ։ (Հոդված 168)
Jurisdiction and Access
Palestine
- English1. A High Constitutional Court shall be established by law to consider:
a. The constitutionality of laws, regulations, and other enacted rules.
b. The interpretation of the Basic Law and legislation.
c. Settlement of jurisdictional disputes which might arise between judicial entities and administrative entities having judicial jurisdiction.
... (Art. 103) - Arabicتشكل محكمة دستورية عليا بقانون، وتتولى النظر في:
أ- دستورية القوانين واللوائح أو النظم وغيرها.
ب- تفسير نصوص القانون الأساسي والتّشريعات.
ج- الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين الجهات القضائية وبين الجهات الإدارية ذات الاختصاص القضائي.
… (المادّة 103)
Jurisdiction and Access
Australia
- EnglishThe Parliament may make laws conferring original jurisdiction on the High Court in any matter:
(i) arising under this Constitution, or involving its interpretation;
… (Sec. 76)
Jurisdiction and Access
South Africa
- English...
(3) The Constitutional Court-
(a) is the highest court of the Republic; and
(b) may decide -
(i) constitutional matters; and
(ii) any other matter, if the Constitutional Court grants leave to appeal on the grounds that the matter raises an arguable point of law of general public importance which ought to be considered by that Court; and
(c) makes the final decision whether a matter is within its jurisdiction.
(4) Only the Constitutional Court may -
(a) decide disputes between organs of state in the national or provincial sphere concerning the constitutional status, powers or functions of any of those organs of state;
(b) decide on the constitutionality of any parliamentary or provincial Bill, but may do so only in the circumstances anticipated in section 79 or 121;
(c) decide applications envisaged in section 80 or 122;
(d) decide on the constitutionality of any amendment to the Constitution;
(e) decide that Parliament or the President has failed to fulfil a constitutional obligation; or
(f) certify a provincial constitution in terms of section 144.
(5) The Constitutional Court makes the final decision whether an Act of Parliament, a provincial Act or conduct of the President is constitutional, and must confirm any order of invalidity made by the Supreme Court of Appeal, the High Court of South Africa, or a court of similar status, before that order has any force.
(6) National legislation or the rules of the Constitutional Court must allow a person, when it is in the interests of justice and with leave of the Constitutional Court—
(a) to bring a matter directly to the Constitutional Court; or
(b) to appeal directly to the Constitutional Court from any other court.
(7) A constitutional matter includes any issue involving the interpretation, protection or enforcement of the Constitution. (Sec. 167)
Jurisdiction and Access
China
- EnglishThe National People’s Congress exercises the following functions and powers:
…
(2) to supervise the enforcement of the Constitution;
… (Art. 62) - Chinese全国人民代表大会行使下列职权:
…
(二)监督宪法的实施;
… (第六十二条)
Jurisdiction and Access
Thailand
- EnglishA person whose rights or liberties guaranteed by the Constitution are violated, has the right to submit a petition to the Constitutional Court for a decision on whether such act is contrary to or inconsistent with the Constitution, according to the rules, procedures and conditions prescribed by the Organic Act on Procedures of the Constitutional Court. (Sec. 213)
- Thaiบุคคลซึ่งถูกละเมิดสิทธิหรือเสรีภาพที่รัฐธรรมนูญคุ้มครองไว้ย่อมมีสิทธิยื่นคําร้องต่อศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ เพื่อมีคำวินิจฉัยว่าการกระทํานั้นขัดหรือแย้งต่อรัฐธรรมนูญ ทั้งนี้ ตามหลักเกณฑ์ วิธีการ และเงื่อนไขที่บัญญัติไว้ในพระราชบัญญัติประกอบรัฐธรรมนูญว่าด้วยวิธีพิจารณาของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ (มาตรา ๒๑๓)
Jurisdiction and Access
Papua New Guinea
- English(1) Subject to this Constitution, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction, to the exclusion of other courts, as to any question relating to the interpretation or application of any provision of a Constitutional Law.
(2) Subject to this Constitution, where any question relating to the interpretation or application of any provision of a Constitutional Law arises in any court or tribunal, other than the Supreme Court, the court or tribunal shall, unless the question is trivial, vexatious or irrelevant, refer the matter to the Supreme Court, and take whatever other action (including the adjournment of proceedings) is appropriate. (Sec. 18)
Jurisdiction and Access
Zambia
- English1. Subject to Article 28, the Constitutional Court has original and final jurisdiction to hear—
a. a matter relating to the interpretation of this Constitution;
b. a matter relating to a violation or contravention of this Constitution;
…
2. Subject to Article 28 (2), where a question relating to this Constitution arises in a court, the person presiding in that court shall refer the question to the Constitutional Court.
3. Subject to Article 28, a person who alleges that—
a. an Act of Parliament or statutory instrument;
b. an action, measure or decision taken under law; or
c. an act, omission, measure or decision by a person or an authority; contravenes this Constitution, may petition the Constitutional Court for redress.
4. A decision of the Constitutional Court is not appealable to the Supreme Court. (Art. 128)
Jurisdiction and Access
Antigua and Barbuda
- English1. Subject to the provisions of sections 25(2), 47(8)(b), 56(4), 65(5), 123(7)(b) and 124 of this Constitution, any person who alleges that any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter II3) has been or is being contravened may, if he has a relevant interest, apply to the High Court for a declaration and for relief under this section.
2. The High Court shall have jurisdiction on an application made under this section to determine whether any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter II) has been or is being contravened and to make a declaration accordingly.
3. Where the High Court makes a declaration under this section that a provision of this Constitution has been or is being contravened and the person on whose application the declaration is made has also applied for relief, the High Court may grant to that person such remedy as it considers appropriate, being a remedy available generally under any law in proceedings in the High Court.
4. The Chief Justice may make provision, or authorise the making of provision, with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on the court by or under this section, including provision with respect to the time within which any application under this section may be made.
5. A person shall be regarded as having a relevant interest for the purpose of an application under this section only if the contravention of this Constitution alleged by him is such as to affect his interests.
6. The rights conferred on a person by this section to apply for a declaration and relief in respect of an alleged contravention of this Constitution shall be in addition to any other action in respect of the same matter that may be available to that person under any other law or any rule of law.
7. Nothing in this section shall confer jurisdiction on the High Court to hear or determine any such question as is referred to in section 44 of this Constitution. (Sec. 119)
Jurisdiction and Access
Andorra
- English1. Conflicts arising from the interpretation or exercise of jurisdiction between the general organs of the State and the Local Councils shall be settled by the Constitutional Court.
… (Art. 82) - Catalan1. Els litigis sobre interpretació o exercici competencial entre els òrgans generals de l'Estat i els Comuns seran resolts pel Tribunal Constitucional.
… (Art. 82)