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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) The rights set out in this Chapter may be limited by law, provided that the law is not targeted at particular individuals or groups.
(2) This right may be limited by law, or by specific exceptions in this Chapter, only if that limitation is demonstrably reasonable and justified according to the values underlying this constitution.
(3) In deciding whether a limitation is reasonable and justifiable, all relevant factors must be taken into account.
(4) The relevant factors in terms of Clause 3 include the nature and importance of the right limited, the importance of the purpose to be achieved by the limitation, whether the limitation is suitable for achieving the purpose, and whether the same purpose could be achieved while being less restrictive of the rights limited.
(5) Possible restriction of fundamental rights during a state of emergency is dealt with in Chapter 14, Article 131 of this Constitution. (Art. 38) - Somali(1) Xuquuqda lagu sheegay Cutubkan waxaa xaddidi kara sharciga, haddii sharcigaasi uusan si gaar ah u bar-tilmaameedsanayn shakhsiyaad ama kooxo.
(2) Xuquuqdan waxaa xaddidaya sharciga, ama waxaaba si gaar ah loogu asteeyay cutubkan, waase haddii xaddidaaddaasi ay tahay mid si cad u maangal ah ama kuwo la aqbali karo oo waafaqsan qiyamka lagu qeexay Dastuurka.
(3) Marka go’aan laga gaarayo in xaddididda xuquuqdu ay noqoto mid la aqbali karo oo maangal ah, waa in dhammaan arrimaha xaddeyntan khuseeya xisaabta lagu darsadaa.
(4) Arrimaha la xiriira waxaa ka mid ah dabeecadda iyo ahmiyadda xuquuqda la xaddidey iyo muhimmadda ujeeddo la rabo in lagu gaaro xaddidaadda; haddii xaddididdaasi u habboon tahay in lagu gaaro ujeeddada ama haddii isla ujeeddadaas lagu gaari karaayey iyadoo aan la xaddidin xuquuqdaas.
(5) Xaddididda suurtogalka ah ee xuquuqda asaasiga ah ee muwaaddinka xilliga xaaladda degdegga waxaa lagu sheegay Cutubka 14aad, Qodobka 131aad. (Qodobka 38aad.)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
…
22. Notwithstanding the rights conferred by this Constitution, nothing in this Article [Fundamental Rights] shall prevent the State from subjecting reasonable restriction by law, when it concerns:
a. The interests of the sovereignty, security, unity and integrity of Bhutan;
b. The interests of peace, stability and well-being of the nation;
c. The interests of friendly relations with foreign States;
d. Incitement to an offence on the grounds of race, sex, language, religion or region;
e. The disclosure of information received in regard to the affairs of the State or in discharge of official duties; or
f. The rights and freedom of others.
… (Art. 7) - Dzongkha
…
༢༢) རྩ་ཁྲིམས་ཆེན་མོ་འདི་དང་བསྟུན་པའི་ཐོབ་དབང་ལུ་མ་ལྟོས་པར་ རྩ་ཚན་འདི་ནང་བཀོད་མི་གང་རུང་གིས་ རྒྱལ་ཁམས་ ཀྱིས་ ཁྲིམས་ཐོག་རྒྱུ་མཚན་ལྡན་པའི་བཀག་དམ་གྱི་དབང་ལུ་བསྡུ་ནི་ལས་ སྔོན་འགོག་འབད་ནི་མེད་པའི་འབྲེལ་གནད་འདི་ཡང་།
ཀ༽ འབྲུག་གི་རང་བཙན་དང་ བདེ་སྲུང་ གཅིག་མཐུན་ གཅིག་སྒྲིལ་གྱི་མཐའ་དོན་སྐོར་ ཡང་ན།
ཁ༽ རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཀྱི་ཞི་བདེ་དང་ བརྟན་གཞི་ བདེ་སྐྱིད་ཀྱི་མཐའ་དོན་སྐོར།
ག༽ ཕྱིའི་རྒྱལ་ཁམས་ཚུ་དང་གཅིག་ཁར་ མཛའ་བཤེས་མཐུན་འབྲེལ་གྱི་མཐའ་དོན་སྐོར།
ང་༽ རིགས་རུས་ ཡང་ན་ ཕོ་མོ་ སྐད་ཡིག་ ཆོས་ལུགས་ ལུང་ཕྱོགས་བཅས་ཀྱི་གཞི་ གནད་ཐོག་ གནོད་འགེལ་ཅིག་ནང་ ངན་བསྐུལ་སྐོར།
ཅ༽ རྒྱལ་ཁམས་ཀྱི་འབྲེལ་དོན་སྐོར་ ཡང་ན་ གཞུང་འབྲེལ་འགན་ཁུར་འཐབ་པའི་ སྐབས་ལུ་འབྱོར་བའི་གནས་ཚུལ་གསང་སྒྲོག་སྐོར། ཡང་ན།
ཆ༽ གཞན་གྱི་ཐོབ་དབང་དང་དལ་དབང་སྐོར།
... ༼རྩ་ཚན་༧༽
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishRomanian citizens, foreigners, and stateless persons shall exercise their constitutional rights and freedoms in good faith, without any infringement of the rights and liberties of others. (Art. 57)
- RomanianCetăţenii români, cetăţenii străini şi apatrizii trebuie să-şi exercite drepturile şi libertăţile constituţionale cu bună-credinţă, fără să încalce drepturile şi libertăţile celorlalţi. (Art. 57)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. In the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms prescribed in this Chapter6, no person shall prejudice the fundamental or other human rights and freedoms of others or the public interest.
2. Public interest under this article shall not permit-
a. political persecution;
b. detention without trial;
c. any limitation of the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms prescribed by this Chapter beyond what is acceptable and demonstrably justifiable in a free and democratic society, or what is provided in this Constitution. (Art. 43)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English… no authority has the right to abrogate legitimate freedoms, not even by enacting laws and regulations for that purpose, under the pretext of preserving the independence and territorial integrity of the country. (Art. 9)
- Persian(هیچ مقامی حق ندارد به نام حفظ استقلال و تمامیت ارضی کشور آزادیهای مشروع را، هر چند با وضع قوانین و مقررات، سلب کند. (اصل 9 …
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
To the extent provided for in Articles 21 to 24, the following rights and freedoms may be restricted in law:
1. freedom of expression, freedom of information, freedom of assembly, freedom to demonstrate and freedom of association (Article 1, points 1 to 5);
2. protection against any physical violation in cases other than cases under Articles 4 and 5, against body searches, house searches and other such invasions of privacy, against violations of confidential items of mail or communications and otherwise against violations involving surveillance and monitoring of the individual’s personal circumstances (Article 6);
3. freedom of movement (Article 8); and
4. public court proceedings (Article 11, paragraph two, sentence two).
With authority in law, the rights and freedoms referred to in paragraph one may be restricted by other statute in cases under Chapter 8, Article 5, and in respect of prohibition of the disclosure of matters which have come to a person’s knowledge in the performance of public or official duties. Freedom of assembly and freedom to demonstrate may similarly be restricted also in cases under Article 24, paragraph one, sentence two. (Instrument of Government, Chapter 2, Art. 20) - Swedish
Följande fri- och rättigheter får, i den utsträckning som medges i 21–24 §§, begränsas genom lag:
1. yttrandefriheten, informationsfriheten, mötesfriheten, demonstrationsfriheten och föreningsfriheten (1 § första stycket 1–5),
2. skyddet mot annat kroppsligt ingrepp än som avses i 4 och 5 §§, mot kroppsvisitation, husrannsakan och liknande intrång, mot intrång i förtroliga försändelser och meddelanden samt i övrigt mot intrång som innebär övervakning och kartläggning av den enskildes personliga förhållanden (6 §),
3. rörelsefriheten (8 §), och
4. offentligheten vid domstolsförhandling (11 § andra stycket andra meningen).
Efter bemyndigande i lag får de i första stycket angivna fri- och rättigheterna begränsas genom annan författning i de fall som anges i 8 kap. 5 § och i fråga om förbud att röja sådant som någon fått kännedom om i allmän tjänst eller under utövande av tjänsteplikt. I samma ordning får mötesfriheten och demonstrationsfriheten begränsas även i de fall som anges i 24 § första stycket andra meningen. (Kungörelse (1974:152) om beslutad ny regeringsform, 2 kap, 20§)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English...
(9) During any period of public emergency, the following provisions shall have effect-
(a) the Governor-General may make such regulations as are necessary or expedient for securing public safety, the defence of Belize, the maintenance of public order and the suppression of mutiny, rebellion and riot, and for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(b) any such regulations may empower such authorities or persons as may be specified in the regulations to make orders and rules for any of the purposes for which such regulations are authorised by this subsection to be made and may contain such incidental and supplementary provisions as are necessary or expedient for the purposes of the regulations;
(c) any such regulations or any order or rule made in pursuance of such regulations may amend or suspend the operation of any law and shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any law;
(d) in this subsection, "law" does not include this Constitution or any provision thereof or any law that alters this Constitution or any provision thereof.
(10) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law (including any regulations made under subsection (9) of this section) shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of section 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 17 of this Constitution to the extent that the law in question makes in relation to any period of public emergency provision, or authorises the doing during any such period of anything, that is reasonably justifiable in the circumstances of any situation arising or existing during the period for the purpose of dealing with that situation. (Sec. 18)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(a) The enumeration of rights and freedoms in this Chapter are guaranteed equally to female and male persons.
(b) The enumeration of rights and freedoms individually in this Chapter shall not be construed to deny or negate other rights retained by the people which are not specified in this Chapter. (Art. 62) - Dhivehi(ހ) މ ބާބުގައި ބަޔާންކުރެވިފައިވާ އެންމެހައި ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން އަންހެނުންނަށާއި ފިރިހެންނުންނަށް ހަމަހަމަކަމާއެކު ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
(ށ) މި ބާބުގައި ވަކިވަކީން ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން ކަނޑައެޅި، ބަޔާންކުރެވިފައިވުމަކީ މި ބާބުގައި ނުހިމެނޭ އެހެނިހެން ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން ހޯދުމަށް ނުވަތަ ލިބިގަތުމަށް ހުރަސްއަޅާ ކަމެއް ނޫނެވެ . (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 62 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(a) If required to preserve public peace, health, or safety at a time of extreme emergency caused by civil disturbance, natural disaster, or immediate threat of war, or insurrection, the President may declare a state of emergency and issue appropriate decrees.
(b) A civil right may be impaired only to the extent actually required for the preservation of peace, health, or safety. A declaration of emergency may not impair the power of the judiciary except that the declaration shall be free from judicial interference for 30 days after it is first issued.
… (Art. X, Sec. 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of the rights and guarantees which the Constitution assures to all persons can only be affected during the following situations of exception: external or internal war, internal commotion, [and] public emergency and [public] calamity, when the normal course of the institutions of the State are gravely affected. (Art. 39)
- SpanishEl ejercicio de los derechos y garantías que la Constitución asegura a todas las personas sólo puede ser afectado bajo las siguientes situaciones de excepción: guerra externa o interna, conmoción interior, emergencia y calamidad pública, cuando afecten gravemente el normal desenvolvimiento de las instituciones del Estado. (Art. 39)