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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) Every person has a right to property and for the purpose of this article this right includes the right to acquire, own peacefully enjoy and dispose of property either individually or in association with others.
… (Art. 26)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
The Rural and the Native communities have legal existence and are juridical persons.
They are autonomous in their organization, in the communal work and in the use and free disposition of their lands, as well as in economic and administrative [matters], within the framework that the law establishes. The ownership of their lands is imprescriptible, except in the case of abandonment provided for in the preceding Article. … (Art. 89) - Spanish
Las Comunidades Campesinas y las Nativas tienen existencia legal y son personas jurídicas.
Son autónomas en su organización, en el trabajo comunal y en el uso y la libre disposición de sus tierras, así como en lo económico y administrativo, dentro del marco que la ley establece. La propiedad de sus tierras es imprescriptible, salvo en el caso de abandono previsto en el artículo anterior.
… (Art. 89)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1 1° The State acknowledges that man, in virtue of his rational being, has the natural right, antecedent to positive law, to the private ownership of external goods.
2° The State accordingly guarantees to pass no law attempting to abolish the right of private ownership or the general right to transfer, bequeath, and inherit property.
… (Art. 43) - Irish Gaelic1 1° Admhaíonn an Stát, toisc bua an réasúin a bheith ag an duine, go bhfuil sé de cheart nádúrtha aige maoin shaolta a bheith aige dá chuid féin go príobháideach, ceart is ársa ná reacht daonna.
2° Uime sin, ráthaíonn an Stát gan aon dlí a achtú d’iarraidh an ceart sin, ná gnáthcheart an duine chun maoin a shannadh agus a thiomnú agus a ghlacadh ina hoidhreacht, a chur ar ceal.
… (Airteagal 43)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
Outside of the cases expressly provided for by the Constitution, the law establishes the rules concerning:
…
– … the state and the capacity of persons, the matrimonial regimes, inheritance and gifts,
…
– the regime of domain, land use,
…
– the regime of ownership, of real rights and of civil and commercial obligations;
… (Art. 47) - French
En dehors des cas expressément prévus par la Constitution, la loi fixe les règles concernant:
…
- … l’état et la capacité des personnes, les régimes matrimoniaux, les successions et les libéralités,
…
- le régime domanial, foncier,
…
- le régime de la propriété, des droits réels et des obligations civiles et commerciales;
… (Art. 47)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe law establishes the rules concerning:
…
- … inheritance ...
- the regime of property, … (Art. 84) - FrenchLa loi fixe les règles concernant :
...
- … les successions ...
- le régime de la propriété, ... (Art. 84)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe right of inheritance is guaranteed within the limits established by law. Lineal ascendants and descendants shall have preferential treatment in the tax laws. (Art. 48)
- SpanishEl derecho sucesorio queda garantido dentro de los límites que establezca la ley. La línea recta ascendente y la descendente tendrán un tratamiento preferencial en las leyes impositivas. (Art. 48)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe predominance of large land estates is contrary to the interests of society. Appropriate tax law provisions shall be enacted to tax fallow lands and establish the necessary measures to transform them into productive economic units, likewise recovering arable land. Farmers and other agricultural producers are entitled to own land, in the cases and forms specified under the pertinent law. The State shall protect and promote associative and private forms of property in such manner as to guarantee agricultural production. The State shall see to the sustainable ordering of arable land to guarantee its food producing potential. … (Art. 307)
- SpanishEl régimen latifundista es contrario al interés social. La ley dispondrá lo conducente en materia tributaria para gravar las tierras ociosas y establecerá las medidas necesarias para su transformación en unidades económicas productivas, rescatando igualmente las tierras de vocación agrícola. Los campesinos o campesinas y demás productores o productoras agropecuarios tienen derecho a la propiedad de la tierra, en los casos y formas especificados por la ley respectiva. El Estado protegerá y promoverá las formas asociativas y particulares de propiedad para garantizar la producción agrícola. El Estado velará por la ordenación sustentable de las tierras de vocación agrícola para asegurar su potencial agroalimentario. … (Art. 307)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) The Regional Council for an autonomous region in respect of all areas within such region and the District Council for an autonomous district in respect of all areas within the district except those which are under the authority of Regional Councils, if any, within the district shall have power to make laws with respect to—
(a) the allotment, occupation or use, or the setting apart, of land, other than any land which is a reserved forest for the purposes of agriculture or grazing or for residential or other non-agricultural purposes or for any other purpose likely to promote the interests of the inhabitants of any village or town:
…
(h) the inheritance of property;
… (Sixth Schedule: Provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, Art. 3) - Hindi(1) स्वशासी प्रदेश की प्रादेशिक परिषद को ऐसे प्रदेश के भीतर के सभी क्षेत्रों के संबंध में और स्वशासी जिले की जिला परिषद को ऐसे क्षेत्रों को छोड़कर जो उस जिले के भीतर की प्रादेशिक परिषदों के, यदि कोई हों, प्राधिकार के अधीन हैं, उस जिले के भीतर के अन्य सभी क्षेत्रों के संबंध में निम्नलिखित विषयों के लिए विधि बनाने की शक्ति होगी—
(क) किसी आरक्षित वन की भूमि से भिन्न अन्य भूमि का, कृषि या चराई के प्रयोजनों के लिए अथवा निवास के या कृषि से भिन्न अन्य प्रयोजनों के लिए अथवा किसी ऐसे अन्य प्रयोजन के लिए जिससे किसी ग्राम या नगर के निवासियों के हितों की अभिवृद्धि संभाव्य है, आबंटन, अधिभोग या उपयोग अथवा अलग रखा जाना:
…
(ज) संपत्ति की विरासत;
… (छठी अनुसूची: असम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और मिजोरम में जनजातीय क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन के संबंध में प्रावधान, अनुच्छेद 3)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. The objectives of the agricultural policy shall be:
…
b) To promote the improvement of the economic, social and cultural situation of rural workers and farmers, the development of the rural world, the rationalisation of the structure of land ownership, the modernisation of the business fabric, and the access by those that work the land to ownership or possession of the land itself and of the other means of production that they directly employ thereon;
… (Art. 93) - Portuguese1. São objectivos da política agrícola:
…
b) Promover a melhoria da situação económica, social e cultural dos trabalhadores rurais e dos agricultores, o desenvolvimento do mundo rural, a racionalização das estruturas fundiárias, a modernização do tecido empresarial e o acesso à propriedade ou à posse da terra e demais meios de produção directamente utilizados na sua exploração por parte daqueles que a trabalham;
… (Art. 93)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) The Zimbabwe Land Commission has the following functions—
…
(c) to make recommendations to the Government regarding—
(i) the acquisition of private land for public purposes;
(ii) equitable access to and holding and occupation of agricultural land, in particular—
A. the elimination of all forms of unfair discrimination, particularly gender discrimination;
B. the enforcement of any law restricting the amount of agricultural land that may be held by any person or household;
(iii) land usage and the size of agricultural land holdings;
(iv) the simplification of the acquisition and transfer of rights in land;
(v) systems of land tenure; and
(vi) fair compensation payable under any law for agricultural land and improvements that have been compulsorily acquired;
(vii) allocations and alienations of agricultural land;
… (Sec. 297)