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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The Action for Constitutional Protection shall be presented by the person who believes him or herself affected, by another with sufficient power to act in his or her name, or by the corresponding authority pursuant to the Constitution, to any judge or competent court, provided that there is no other existing means or legal recourse for the immediate protection of the rights and guarantees that have been restricted, suppressed or threatened.
… (Art. 129) - SpanishI. La Acción de Amparo Constitucional se interpondrá por la persona que se crea afectada, por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente o por la autoridad correspondiente de acuerdo con la Constitución, ante cualquier juez o tribunal competente, siempre que no exista otro medio o recurso legal para la protección inmediata de los derechos y garantías restringidos, suprimidos o amenazados.
... (Art. 129)
Jurisdiction and Access
Benin
- English
…
- the organic laws may only be promulgated after declaration by the Constitutional Court of their conformity with the Constitution. (Art. 97) - French
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- les lois organiques ne peuvent être promulguées qu'après déclaration par la Cour constitutionnelle de leur conformité à la Constitution. (Art. 97)
Jurisdiction and Access
Estonia
- EnglishThe Chancellor of Justice is a government official who scrutinises legislative instruments of the legislative and executive branch of government and of local authorities for conformity with the Constitution and the laws, and who is independent in discharging his or her duties.
… (Sec. 139) - EstonianÕiguskantsler on oma tegevuses sõltumatu ametiisik, kes teostab järelevalvet seadusandliku ja täidesaatva riigivõimu ning kohaliku omavalitsuse õigustloovate aktide põhiseadusele ja seadustele vastavuse üle.
… (§ 139)
Jurisdiction and Access
Cuba
- EnglishThe following duties correspond to the National Assembly of People's Power:
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b. To issue a general and obligatory interpretation of the Constitution and the laws, in necessary cases, in correspondence with the procedure prescribed by the law;
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e. To ensure the constitutionality of the laws, decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, and other general provisions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the law;
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g. To completely or partially revoke decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, agreements, and general provisions that contradict the Constitution or the laws;
h. To completely or partially revoke the agreements or rulings of the municipal assemblies of the People's Power that violate the Constitution,
… (Art. 108) - SpanishCorresponde a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular:
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b) dar a la Constitución y a las leyes, en caso necesario, una interpretación general y obligatoria, en correspondencia con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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e) ejercer el control de constitucionalidad sobre las leyes, decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos y demás disposiciones generales, de conformidad con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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g) revocar total o parcialmente los decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos, acuerdos o disposiciones generales que contradigan la Constitución o las leyes;
h) revocar total o parcialmente los acuerdos o disposiciones de las asambleas municipales del Poder Popular que contravengan la Constitución,
… (Art. 108)
Jurisdiction and Access
Burundi
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is referred to [a matter] by the President of the Republic, the President of the National Assembly, the President of the Senate, by one-quarter of the members of the National Assembly or one-quarter of the members of the Senate, or by the Ombudsman.
Every natural or juridical person [personne physique ou morale] interested as well as the Public Ministry may refer the Constitutional Court [to a matter] concerning the constitutionality of the laws, either directly by way of [an] action or indirectly by the procedure of pleadings [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked in a matter submitted to another jurisdiction.
… (Art. 236) - KirundiUmukuru w’Igihugu, Umukuru w’Inama Nshingamateka, Umukuru w’Inama Nkenguzamateka, ica kane c’abashingamateka, ica kane c’abakenguzamateka canke Umuhuza w’abanyagihugu na Reta bafise ububasha bwo kwitura Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro.
Umuntu uwo ari we wese abifisemwo inyungu, ishirahamwe iryo ari ryo ryose ribifisemwo inyungu canke abashikirizamanza barashobora kwitura Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro bakadoma urutoke ku mabwirizwa n’amategeko yoba yashinzwe biciye kubiri n’Ibwirizwa Shingiro. Bashobora kubigira mu kwishikirira bo nyene Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro canke mu kubimenyesha abandi bacamanza mu gihe babonye ko urubanza bariko barabacira rushingiye ku ngingo y’Ibwirizwa canke y’Itegeko iciye kubiri n’Ibwirizwa Shingiro.
… (Ingingo ya 236) - FrenchLa Cour Constitutionnelle est saisie par le Président de la République, le Président de l’Assemblée Nationale, le Président du Sénat, par un quart des membres de l’Assemblée Nationale ou un quart des membres du Sénat, ou par l’ombudsman.
Toute personne physique ou morale intéressée ainsi que le Ministère Public peuvent saisir la Cour Constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois, soit directement par voie d’action soit indirectement par la procédure d’exception d’inconstitutionnalité invoquée dans une affaire soumise à une autre juridiction.
… (Art. 236)
Jurisdiction and Access
Ethiopia
- English1. All constitutional disputes shall be decided by the House of the Federation.
2. The House of the Federation shall, within thirty days of receipt, decide a constitutional dispute submitted to it by the Council of Constitutional Inquiry. (Art. 83) - Amharic1. የሕገ መንግሥታዊ ክርክር ጉዳይ ሲነሳ በፌዴሬሽኑ ምክር ቤት ውሳኔ ያገኛል፡፡2. የፌዴሬሽን ምክር ቤት፣ የሕገ መንግሥት ጉዳዮች አጣሪ ጉባኤ በሚያቀርብለት ሕገ መንግሥታዊ ጉዳይ ላይ በሠላሣ ቀናት ውስጥ ውሳኔ ይሰጣል፡፡ (አንቀጽ 83)
Jurisdiction and Access
Latvia
- EnglishIn Latvia, there shall be a Constitutional Court, which, within its jurisdiction as provided for by law, shall review cases concerning the conformity of laws with the Constitution, as well as other cases conferred within the jurisdiction thereof by law. The Constitutional Court is entitled to declare laws or other enactments or parts thereof invalid.
… (Art. 85) - LatvianLatvijā pastāv Satversmes tiesa, kas likumā noteiktās kompetences ietvaros izskata lietas par likumu atbilstību Satversmei, kā arī citas ar likumu tās kompetencē nodotās lietas. Satversmes tiesa ir tiesīga atzīt par spēkā neesošiem likumus un citus aktus vai to daļas.
... (Art. 85)
Jurisdiction and Access
Ecuador
- EnglishConstitutional proceedings can be filed by a citizen individually or collectively. (Art. 439)
- SpanishLas acciones constitucionales podrán ser presentadas por cualquier ciudadana o ciudadano individual o colectivamente. (Art. 439)
Jurisdiction and Access
Chad
- EnglishThe Supreme Court is the highest jurisdiction of Chad in judicial, administrative, [and] constitutional matters and [matters] of accounts.
It takes cognizance of disputes [concerning] the presidential, legislative and local elections. It sees to the regularity of the operations of referendum and proclaims the results of them.
It decides on the pleadings [exception] of unconstitutionality raised by any citizen before a jurisdiction in a matter [affaire] which concerns him.
... (Art. 157) - Arabicالمحكمة العليا هي أعلى سلطة قضائية وتنظر في مسائل التشاد القضائية، الإدارية، والدستورية ومسائل الحسابات.
تتمتع بصلاحية النظر في الخلافات المتعلقة بالانتخابات الرئاسية والتشريعية والمحلية. وتحرص على انتظام عمليات الاستفتاء وتعلن نتائجها.
تقرر في مذكرات عدم الدستورية التي يقدمها أي مواطن أمام سلطة قضائية في مسألة تخصه.
... (المادة 157) - FrenchLa Cour Suprême est la plus haute juridiction du Tchad en matière judiciaire, administrative, constitutionnelle et des comptes.
Elle connait du contentieux des élections présidentielles, législatives et locales. Elle veille à la régularité des opérations de référendum et en proclame les résultats.
Elle statue sur l'exception d'inconstitutionnalité soulevée par tout citoyen devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne.
... (Art. 157)
Jurisdiction and Access
Guinea
- English…
Any pleader [plaideur] may raise the exception of unconstitutionality of a law before any jurisdiction.
The jurisdiction referred to [the matter] postpones deciding and remits the exception before the Constitutional Court. In this case, the Constitutional Court decides in the fifteen days of its referral.
The Constitutional Court is the judge of the violations of the fundamental rights and public freedoms committed by the public powers, the agents of the State and the citizens. It can be referred to [the matter] by the National Institution of Human Rights.
… (Art. 96) - French…
Tout plaideur peut soulever l'exception d'inconstitutionnalité d'une loi devant toute juridiction.
La juridiction saisie sursoie à statuer et renvoie l'exception devant la Cour constitutionnelle. Dans ce cas, la Cour Constitutionnelle statue dans les quinze jours de sa saisine.
La Cour constitutionnelle est juge des violations des droits fondamentaux et des libertés publiques commises par les pouvoirs publics, les agents de l'État et les citoyens. Elle peut être saisie par l'Institution nationale des droits humains.
… (Art. 96)