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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Parties
- EnglishPolitical parties express political pluralism, contribute to the formation and manifestation of the popular will, and are fundamental instruments of political participation, without prejudice to the freedom of electoral nomination in the form prescribed by this Constitution and by law. The internal structure and the functioning of political parties shall be based on democratic principles.
The law shall regulate the registration and the continued existence of political parties but in no case may provide that the minimum number of votes required for survival is higher than five percent (5%) of the valid votes cast in elections for President, members of the National Assembly, Mayors or Precinct Representatives, whichever is the vote in which the party concerned has been most successful. (Art. 138) - SpanishLos partidos políticos expresan el pluralismo político, concurren a la formación y manifestación de la voluntad popular y son instrumentos fundamentales para la participación política, sin perjuicio de la postulación libre en la forma prevista en esta Constitución y la Ley. La estructura interna y el funcionamiento de los partidos políticos estarán fundados en principios democráticos.
La Ley reglamentará el reconocimiento y subsistencia de los partidos políticos, sin que, en ningún caso, pueda establecer que el número de los votos necesarios para su subsistencia sea superior al cinco por ciento de los votos válidos emitidos en las elecciones para Presidente, Diputados, Alcaldes o Representantes de Corregimientos, según la votación más favorable al partido. (Art. 138)
Political Parties
- English1. Freedom of association includes the right to form or take part in political associations and parties and through them to work jointly and democratically towards the formation of the popular will and the organisation of political power.
2. No one may be simultaneously registered as a member of more than one political party, and no one may be deprived of the exercise of any right because he is or ceases to be registered as a member of any legally constituted party.
3. Without prejudice to the philosophy or ideology that underlies their manifestoes, political parties may not employ names that contain expressions which are directly related to any religion or church, or emblems that can be confused with national or religious symbols.
4. No party may be formed with a name or manifesto objectives that show it has a regional nature or scope.
5. Political parties must be governed by the principles of democratic transparency, organisation and management, and participation by all their members.
6. The law shall lay down the rules governing the financing of political parties, particularly as regards the requisites for and limits on public funding, as well as the requirements to publicise their assets and accounts. (Art. 51) - Portuguese1. A liberdade de associação compreende o direito de constituir ou participar em associações e partidos políticos e de através deles concorrer democraticamente para a formação da vontade popular e a organização do poder político.
2. Ninguém pode estar inscrito simultaneamente em mais de um partido político nem ser privado do exercício de qualquer direito por estar ou deixar de estar inscrito em algum partido legalmente constituído.
3. Os partidos políticos não podem, sem prejuízo da filosofia ou ideologia inspiradora do seu programa, usar denominação que contenha expressões directamente relacionadas com quaisquer religiões ou igrejas, bem como emblemas confundíveis com símbolos nacionais ou religiosos.
4. Não podem constituir-se partidos que, pela sua designação ou pelos seus objectivos programáticos, tenham índole ou âmbito regional.
5. Os partidos políticos devem reger-se pelos princípios da transparência, da organização e da gestão democráticas e da participação de todos os seus membros.
6. A lei estabelece as regras de financiamento dos partidos políticos, nomeadamente quanto aos requisitos e limites do financiamento público, bem como às exigências de publicidade do seu património e das suas contas. (Art. 51)
Political Parties
- English
The political parties and formations create themselves freely. They participate in the activity of political life, in the information and the education of the people as well as in the expression of suffrage.
They conduct their activities freely within respect for the laws.
All the political parties or formations are equal in rights and in duties.
However, tribalist, regionalist, denominational, or racist political parties or formations are not authorized. (Art. 13) - French
Les partis et formations politiques se créent librement. Ils concourent à l'animation de la vie politique, à l'information et à l'éducation du peuple ainsi qu'à l'expression du suffrage.
Ils mènent librement leurs activités dans le respect des lois.
Tous les partis ou formations politiques sont égaux en droits et en devoirs.
Toutefois, ne sont pas autorisés les partis ou formations politiques tribalistes, régionalistes, confessionnels ou racistes. (Art. 13)
Political Parties
- EnglishThe political party is an association endowed with moral personality which assembles citizens for the peaceful acquisition and administration [gestion] of power around a project of society dictated by the concern [souci] to realize the general interest. (Art. 57)
- FrenchLe parti politique est une association dotée de la personnalité morale qui rassemble des citoyens pour la conquête et la gestion pacifiques du pouvoir autour d’un projet de société dicté par le souci de réaliser l’intérêt général. (Art. 57)
Political Parties
- EnglishThe political parties participate [concourent] in the political education of the citizens, in the animation of the political life and in the expression of the suffrage. Only [seuls] they present the candidates to the national elections.
They must be implanted on the whole [ensemble] of the national territory. They must not identify themselves to a race, an ethnicity, a religion or a region.
They must equally respect the principles of the national sovereignty and of democracy, the integrity of the territory and the public order.
The rights of the political parties of the opposition to oppose themselves by the legal ways [voies] to the action of the Government and to propose alternative solutions are guaranteed.
An organic law determines the conditions in which the political parties are constituted and exercise their activities. It specifies the conditions in which a party that ignores [méconnaît] the provisions of the preceding paragraphs is no longer considered as legally constituted. (Art. 3) - FrenchLes partis politiques concourent à l'éducation politique des citoyens, à l'animation de la vie politique et à l'expression du suffrage. Ils présentent seuls les candidats aux élections nationales.
Ils doivent être implantés sur l'ensemble du territoire national. Ils ne doivent pas s'identifier à une race, une ethnie, une religion ou une région.
Ils doivent également respecter les principes de la souveraineté nationale et de la démocratie, l'intégrité du territoire et l'ordre public.
Les droits des partis politiques de l'opposition de s'opposer par les voies légales à l'action du Gouvernement et de proposer des solutions alternatives sont garantis.
Une loi organique détermine les conditions dans lesquelles les partis politiques se constituent et exercent leurs activités. Elle précise les conditions dans lesquelles un parti qui méconnaît les dispositions des alinéas précédents n'est plus considéré comme légalement constitué. (Art. 3)
Political Parties
- EnglishPolitical parties shall be prohibited from advocating or resorting to armed violence in order to change the political or social order of the country. (Art. 77)
- PortugueseÉ vedado aos partidos políticos preconizar ou recorrer à violência armada para alterar a ordem política e social do país. (Art. 77)
Political Parties
- EnglishThe National Assembly may by law provide –
(a) guidelines and rules to ensure internal democracy within political parties, including making laws for the conduct of party primaries, party congresses and party conventions; and
(b) the conferment on the Independent National Electoral Commission of powers as may appear to the National Assembly to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling the Commission more effectively to ensure that political parties observe the practices of internal democracy, including the fair and transparent conduct of party primaries, party congresses and party conventions;
(c) for an annual grant to the Independent National Electoral Commission for disbursement to political parties on a fair and equitable basis to assist them in the discharge of their functions;
… (Sec. 228)
Political Parties
- English1. The Republic of Kazakhstan shall recognize ideological and political diversity. The formation of political parties in state bodies shall not be permitted.
2. Public associations shall be equal before the law. Illegal interference of the state in the affairs of public associations, and public associations in the affairs of the state, imposing the functions of state institutions on public associations shall not be permitted.
3. Formation and functioning of public associations pursuing the goals or actions directed toward a violent change of the constitutional system, violation of the integrity of the Republic, undermining the security of the state, inciting social, racial, national, religious, and tribal enmity, as well as the formation of unauthorized paramilitary units shall be prohibited.
… (Art. 5) - Kazak1. Қазақстан Республикасында идеологиялық және саяси әр-алуандылық танылады. Мемлекеттiк органдарда партия ұйымдарын құруға жол берiлмейдi.
2. Қоғамдық бiрлестiктер заң алдында бiрдей. Қоғамдық бiрлестiктер iсiне мемлекеттiң және мемлекет iсiне қоғамдық бiрлестiктердiң заңсыз араласуына, қоғамдық бiрлестiктерге мемлекеттiк органдардың қызметiн жүктеуге жол берiлмейдi.
3. Мақсаты немесе iс-әрекетi Республиканың конституциялық құрылысын күштеп өзгертуге, оның тұтастығын бұзуға, мемлекет қауiпсiздiгiне нұқсан келтiруге, әлеуметтiк, нәсiлдiк, ұлттық, дiни, тектiк-топтық және рулық араздықты қоздыруға бағытталған қоғамдық бiрлестiктер құруға және олардың қызметiне, сондай-ақ заңдарда көзделмеген әскерилендiрiлген құрамалар құруға тыйым салынады.
... (5-бап)
Political Parties
- English(1) For the purposes of the election of women Members of Parliament mentioned in Article 66(1) (b), political parties which took part in the general election in accordance with the procedure laid down and obtained at least five percentum of the total valid voters for Parliamentary election, shall propose to the Electoral Commission the names of women on the basis of the proportion of votes obtained by each party in the Parliamentary election.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subarticle (1), the following votes shall be counted as valid votes for the unopposed Member of Parliament in the constituent –
(a) where a political party has nominated a Presidential candidate, presidential votes cast in the constituency for a Presidential candidate from that political party; or
(b) where a political party has not nominated a presidential candidate, fifty one percentum of the votes of the total voters registered in the respective constituency.
(3) The names of the persons proposed to the Electoral Commission in accordance with subarticle (1) shall be declared to be the results of the election after the Commission is satisfied that the relevant provisions of the Constitution and of other legislation have been complied with.
(4) The list of names for women candidates submitted to the Electoral Commission by each political party for general election shall be the list to be applied by the Electoral Commission after consultation of the party concerned, for purpose of filling any vacancy of Members of Parliament of this category whenever the vacancy occurs during the life of Parliament. (Art. 78)
Political Parties
- English(1) The House of Representatives shall be composed of not more than two hundred and fifty members, unless otherwise fixed by law, who shall be elected from legislative districts apportioned among the provinces, cities, and the Metropolitan Manila area in accordance with the number of their respective inhabitants, and on the basis of a uniform and progressive ratio, and those who, as provided by law, shall be elected through a party-list system of registered national, regional, and sectoral parties or organizations.
(2) The party-list representatives shall constitute twenty per centum of the total number of representatives including those under the party list. For three consecutive terms after the ratification of this Constitution, one-half of the seats allocated to party-list representatives shall be filled, as provided by law, by selection or election from the labor, peasant, urban poor, indigenous cultural communities, women, youth, and such other sectors as may be provided by law, except the religious sector.
... (Art. VI, Sec. 5) - Filipino(1) Ang Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ay dapat buuin ng hindi hihigit sa dalawang daan at limampung kagawad matangi kung magtakda ang batas ng naiiba, na dapat ihalal mula sa mga purok pangkapulungan na pinag-ayaw-ayaw sa mga lalawigan, mga lungsod at Metropolitan Manila Area ayon sa rami ng kinauukulang mga naninirahan, at batay sa magkakatulad at paunlad na pagdami, at yaong ayon sa itinatadhana ng batas ay dapat ihalal sa pamamagitan ng sistemang partilist ng rehistradong partido o organisasyong pambansa, panrehiyon, at pansektor.
(2) Ang kinatawang partilist ay dapat na binubuo ng dalawampung porsyento ng lahat ng mga kagawad ng Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan. Sa loob ng tatlong magkakasunod na taning ng panunungkulan pagkaraang maratipikahan ang Konstitusyong ito, ang kalahati sa mga pwestong nakalaan sa mga kinatawang partilist ay dapat punan, ayon sa itinatadhana ng batas, sa pamamagitan ng pagpili o paghahalal mula sa sektor ng mga manggagawa, magsasaka, mahirap na tagalungsod, mga katutubong pamayanang pangkalinangan, mga kababaihan, kabataan at sa iba pang mga sektor na maaaring itadhana ng batas, maliban sa sektor na panrelihiyon.
... (Art. VI, Seksyon 5)