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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Parties
- English
The creation, amalgamation, merger and extinction of political parties is free, with due regard for national sovereignty, the democratic regime, the plurality of political parties, the fundamental rights of the individual, and observing the following precepts:
I – national character;
II – prohibition from receiving financial assistance from a foreign entity or government or from subordination to same;
III – rendering of accounts to the Electoral Courts;
IV – operation in the National Congress in accordance with the law.
Paragraph 1. Political parties are assured autonomy to define their internal structure; to establish rules on the choice, composition and duration of their permanent and provisional bodies, as well as on their organization and operation; and to adopt the selection criteria as well as the regime of their coalitions in majority elections. Coalitions are forbidden in proportional elections and there is no obligation to follow the same party alliances at the national, state, Federal District or municipal levels. The by-laws of the parties shall establish rules of discipline and party loyalty.
Paragraph 2. After acquiring corporate legal status under civil law, political parties shall register their by-laws at the Superior Electoral Court.
Paragraph 3. Access to the party fund as well as to free advertisement on the radio and television, pursuant to the law, will be available only to political parties that have alternatively:
I – obtained, in the elections for the Chamber of Deputies, at least 3% (three percent) of the valid votes, distributed in at least one third of the units of the Federation, with a minimum of 2% (two percent) of the valid votes in each of them; or
II – elected at least fifteen Federal Deputies distributed in at least one third of the units of the Federation.
Paragraph 4. Political parties are forbidden to use paramilitary organizations.
...
Paragraph 7. Political parties shall allocate at least 5% (five percent) of the resources from the party fund to the creation and maintenance of programs for the promotion and dissemination of women's political participation, according to the intra-party interests.
Paragraph 8. The total amount of the Special Fund for Campaign Financing and the portion of the party fund allocated to electoral campaigns, as well as the free access time to radio and television to be distributed by the parties to their respective female candidates, shall be of at least 30% (thirty percent), proportional to the number of female candidates, and the distribution shall be carried out according to criteria established by the respective boards of direction and by regulatory norms, considering party autonomy and interest. (Art. 17)
- Portuguese
É livre a criação, fusão, incorporação e extinção de partidos políticos, resguardados a soberania nacional, o regime democrático, o pluripartidarismo, os direitos fundamentais da pessoa humana e observados os seguintes preceitos:
I - caráter nacional;
II - proibição de recebimento de recursos financeiros de entidade ou governo estrangeiros ou de subordinação a estes;
III - prestação de contas à Justiça Eleitoral;
IV - funcionamento parlamentar de acordo com a lei.
§ 1º É assegurada aos partidos políticos autonomia para definir sua estrutura interna e estabelecer regras sobre escolha, formação e duração de seus órgãos permanentes e provisórios e sobre sua organização e funcionamento e para adotar os critérios de escolha e o regime de suas coligações nas eleições majoritárias, vedada a sua celebração nas eleições proporcionais, sem obrigatoriedade de vinculação entre as candidaturas em âmbito nacional, estadual, distrital ou municipal, devendo seus estatutos estabelecer normas de disciplina e fidelidade partidária.
§ 2º Os partidos políticos, após adquirirem personalidade jurídica, na forma da lei civil, registrarão seus estatutos no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral.
§ 3º Somente terão direito a recursos do fundo partidário e acesso gratuito ao rádio e à televisão, na forma da lei, os partidos políticos que alternativamente:
I - obtiverem, nas eleições para a Câmara dos Deputados, no mínimo, 3% (três por cento) dos votos válidos, distribuídos em pelo menos um terço das unidades da Federação, com um mínimo de 2% (dois por cento) dos votos válidos em cada uma delas; ou
II - tiverem elegido pelo menos quinze Deputados Federais distribuídos em pelo menos um terço das unidades da Federação.
§ 4º É vedada a utilização pelos partidos políticos de organização paramilitar.
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§ 7º Os partidos políticos devem aplicar no mínimo 5% (cinco por cento) dos recursos do fundo partidário na criação e na manutenção de programas de promoção e difusão da participação política das mulheres, de acordo com os interesses intrapartidários.
§ 8º O montante do Fundo Especial de Financiamento de Campanha e da parcela do fundo partidário destinada a campanhas eleitorais, bem como o tempo de propaganda gratuita no rádio e na televisão a ser distribuído pelos partidos às respectivas candidatas, deverão ser de no mínimo 30% (trinta por cento), proporcional ao número de candidatas, e a distribuição deverá ser realizada conforme critérios definidos pelos respectivos órgãos de direção e pelas normas estatutárias, considerados a autonomia e o interesse partidário. (Art. 17)
Political Parties
- EnglishCitizens shall have the right to form political parties and other public associations operating within the framework of the Constitution and laws.
The establishment and activity of political parties, and other public associations, aimed at bringing violent change to the constitutional order, introducing violence in their activity, opposing the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, advocating war, hatred on the basis of colour, national or religious hatred, encroaching on the health and morality of the people, as well as the political parties with ethnic or religious attributes shall be prohibited. (Art. 44) - RussianГраждане вправе создавать политические партии и иные общественные объединения, действующие в пределах Конституции и законов.
Запрещаются создание и деятельность политических партий и иных общественных объединений, имеющих целью насильственное изменение конституционного строя, допускающих насилие в своей деятельности, выступающих против конституционных прав и свобод граждан, пропагандирующих войну, вражду по признаку цвета кожи, национальную, религиозную вражду, посягающих на здоровье и нравственность народа, а также политических партий по национальному или религиозному признакам. (Статья 44) - TurkmenRaýatlar Konstitusiýanyň we kanunlaryň çäklerinde hereket edýän syýasy partiýalary we gaýry jemgyýetçilik birleşiklerini döretmäge haklydyrlar.
Konstitusion gurluşy zorlukly üýtgetmegi maksat edinýän, öz işinde zorluga ýol berýän, raýatlaryň konstitusion hukuklaryna we azatlyklaryna garşy çykyş edýän, urşy, teniniň reňkiniň alamaty boýunça, milli, dini duşmançylygy wagyz edýän, halkyň saglygyna we ahlaklylygyna kast edýän syýasy partiýalaryň we gaýry jemgyýetçilik birleşikleriniň, şeýle hem milli ýa-da dini alamatlar boýunça syýasy partiýalaryň döredilmegi we işlemegi gadagan edilýär. (44-njy madda)
Political Parties
- English…
(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make provision -
…
(b) …
(iii) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s list and in all party’s lists taken together;
(iv) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s lists for geographical constituencies taken individually or together;
(v) for the maximum percentage or the number of geographical constituencies a party can contest in which its lists contain no female candidate.
… (Art. 160)
Political Parties
- English(1) Political parties shall participate in the formation of the political will of the people. They may be freely established. Their internal organisation must conform to democratic principles. They must publicly account for their assets and for the sources and use of their funds.
(2) Parties that, by reason of their aims or the behaviour of their adherents, seek to undermine or abolish the free democratic basic order or to endanger the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany shall be unconstitutional. The Federal Constitutional Court shall rule on the question of unconstitutionality.
(3) Parties that, by reason of their aims or the behaviour of their adherents, seek to undermine or abolish the free democratic basic order or to endanger the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany shall be excluded from state financing. If such exclusion is determined, any favourable fiscal treatment of these parties and of payments made to those parties shall cease.
(4) The Federal Constitutional Court shall rule on the question of unconstitutionality within the meaning of paragraph (2) of this Article and on exclusion from state financing within the meaning of paragraph (3).
(5) Details shall be regulated by federal laws. (Art. 21) - German(1) Die Parteien wirken bei der politischen Willensbildung des Volkes mit. Ihre Gründung ist frei. Ihre innere Ordnung muß demokratischen Grundsätzen entsprechen. Sie müssen über die Herkunft und Verwendung ihrer Mittel sowie über ihr Vermögen öffentlich Rechenschaft geben.
(2) Parteien, die nach ihren Zielen oder nach dem Verhalten ihrer Anhänger darauf ausgehen, die freiheitliche demokratische Grundordnung zu beeinträchtigen oder zu beseitigen oder den Bestand der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zu gefährden, sind verfassungswidrig.
(3) Parteien, die nach ihren Zielen oder dem Verhalten ihrer Anhänger darauf ausgerichtet sind, die freiheitliche demokratische Grundordnung zu beeinträchtigen oder zu beseitigen oder den Bestand der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zu gefährden, sind von staatlicher Finanzierung ausgeschlossen. Wird der Ausschluss festgestellt, so entfällt auch eine steuerliche Begünstigung dieser Parteien und von Zuwendungen an diese Parteien.
(4) Über die Frage der Verfassungswidrigkeit nach Absatz 2 sowie über den Ausschluss von staatlicher Finanzierung nach Absatz 3 entscheidet das Bundesverfassungsgericht.(5) Das Nähere regeln Bundesgesetze. (Art. 21)
Political Parties
- English… The law will regulate the constitution and the functioning of the political parties and movements, in order to assure the democratic character of the same.
… (Art. 125) - Spanish… La ley reglamentará la constitución y el funcionamiento de los partidos y movimientos políticos, a fin de asegurar el carácter democrático de los mismos.
… (Art. 125)
Political Parties
- English(1) An Organic law shall make provision-
(a) requiring any political party or organization having political aims and desiring to nominate a candidate for election to the Parliament, or to publicly support such a candidate as representing its views, to register with an appropriate body established by an Organic Law such reasonable particulars as are prescribed by Organic Law; and
(b) requiring any such party or organization to disclose to the Ombudsman Commission or some other authority prescribed by the law in such manner, at such times and with such details as are prescribed in or under the law-
i. its assets and income, and their sources; and
ii. its expenditure on or connected with an election or the support of a candidate; and
(c) prohibiting non-citizens from membership of, and from contributing to the funds of, any such party or organization; and
(d) defining the corporations and organizations that are to be regarded as non-citizens for the purposes of a provision made for the purposes of paragraph (c); and
(e) limiting the amount of contributions that such a party or organization may receive from any source or sources; and
(f) requiring persons who have made, or may have made, contributions to any such party or organization to give to the Ombudsman Commission, or some other authority, details of any such contribution.
(g) authorizing the funding of registered political parties from the National Budget and establishing a body to manage and distribute the funds in accordance with established procedures; and
(h) authorizing the payment in certain circumstances of a percentage of electoral expenses incurred by a female candidate in an election.
… (Sec. 129)
Political Parties
- EnglishAll citizens have the right to freely constitute associations, groups, societies and political parties in accordance with the texts in force.
The associations, the groups, the societies and the political parties of which the activities are contrary to the public order as well as to the unity and to the cohesion of the Central African People[,] are prohibited. (Art. 14) - FrenchTous les citoyens ont le droit de constituer librement des associations, des groupements, des sociétés et des partis politiques conformément aux textes en vigueur.
Les associations, les groupements, les sociétés et les partis politiques dont les activités sont contraires à l’ordre public ainsi qu’à l’unité et à la cohésion du peuple centrafricain sont prohibés. (Art. 14)
Political Parties
- EnglishThe political parties and/or groups of political parties concur in the expression of suffrage.
They form and exercise their activities freely within respect for the Constitution, and for the principles of national sovereignty and of democracy.
It is forbidden to them to identify themselves to a race, to an ethnicity, to a sex, to a religion, to a sect, to a language or to a region.
The formalities concerning the administrative declaration of the political parties and/or groups, and to the exercise and to the cessation of their activities are determined by the law. (Art. 6) - Arabicتوافق الأحزاب السياسية و/أو مجموعات الأحزاب السياسية على التعبير عن الاقتراع،
تشكل وتمارس أنشطتها بحرية في إطار احترام الدستور ومبادئ السيادة الوطنية والديمقراطية،
ويحظر عليها تحديد هويتها بعنصر، نشاط عرقي، جنس، دين، طائفة، لغة أو منطقة.
يحدد القانون الشكليات المتعلقة بالإعلان الإداري للأحزاب السياسية و/أو مجموعات الأحزاب السياسية وبممارسة أنشطتها والتوقف عنها. (المادة 6) - FrenchLes partis politiques et/ou groupements de partis politiques concourent à l'expression du suffrage.
Ils se forment et exercent leur activité librement dans le respect de la Constitution, des principes de la souveraineté nationale et de la démocratie.
Il leur est interdit de s'identifier à une race, à une ethnie, à un sexe, à une religion, à une secte, à une langue ou à une région.
Les formalités relatives à la déclaration administrative des partis politiques et/ou groupements de partis politiques, à l'exercice et à la cessation de leur activité sont déterminées par la loi. (Art. 6)
Political Parties
- EnglishThe parties concur in the expression of suffrage. They form themselves and exercise their activities freely within the conditions determined by the law.
They must respect the principles of national sovereignty, of democracy, of the territorial integrity, of the national unity and of the secularity of the State. (Art. 28) - FrenchLes partis concourent à l'expression du suffrage. Ils se forment et exercent librement leurs activités dans les conditions déterminées par la loi.
Ils doivent respecter les principes de la souveraineté nationale, de la démocratie, de l'intégrité du territoire, de l'unité nationale et la laïcité de l'Etat. (Art. 28)
Political Parties
- English…
2. The formation of political parties shall be regulated by special law. (Art. 63) - Portuguese…
2. Lei especial regulará a formação dos Partidos Políticos. (Art. 63)