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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Legislature
- EnglishThe Senate is a body composed of members elected by direct suffrage of the citizens and charged with exercising on their behalf, in concert with the Chamber of Deputies, the duties of the Legislative Power. (Art. 94)
- FrenchLe Sénat est un Corps composé de membres élus au suffrage direct par les citoyens et chargé d'exercer en leur nom, de concert avec la Chambre des Députés, les attributions du Pouvoir législatif. (Art. 94)
Legislature
- EnglishFirst: The Council of Representatives shall consist of a number of members, at a ratio of one seat per 100,000 Iraqi persons representing the entire Iraqi people. They shall be elected through a direct secret general ballot. The representation of all components of the people shall be upheld in it.
Second: A candidate to the Council of Representatives must be a fully qualified Iraqi.
Third: A law shall regulate the requirements for the candidate, the voter, and all that is related to the elections.
Fourth: The elections law shall aim to achieve a percentage of representation for women of not less than one-quarter of the members of the Council of Representatives.
… (Art. 49) - Arabicاولاً :ـ يتكون مجلس النواب من عدد من الاعضاء بنسبة مقعد واحد لكل مائة ألف نسمة من نفوس العراق يمثلون الشعب العراقي بأكمله، يتم انتخابهم بطريق الاقتراع العام السري المباشر، ويراعى تمثيل سائر مكونات الشعب فيه.
ثانياً :ـ يشترط في المرشح لعضوية مجلس النواب ان يكون عراقياً كامل الاهلية.
ثالثاً :ـ تنظم بقانونٍ، شروط المرشح والناخب وكل ما يتعلق بالانتخاب.
رابعاً :ـ يستهدف قانون الانتخابات تحقيق نسبة تمثيل للنساء لا تقل عن الربع من عدد اعضاء مجلس النواب.
... (المادة 49)
Legislature
- English(1) Legislative power shall be exercised by the Parliament which shall comprise 2 (two) Houses:
(a) the National Assembly;
(b) the Senate.
… (Art. 14) - French(1) Le pouvoir législatif est exercé par le Parlement qui comprend deux (2) chambres:
- lʼAssemblée Nationale;
- Le Sénat.
… (Art. 14)
Legislature
- English
(1) The House of Representatives shall consist of a total of two hundred and seventy five members, as follows :-
(a) One hundred and sixty-five members to be elected through the first past the post electoral system, with one being elected from each of one hundred and sixty-five election constituencies delimited in Nepal on the basis of population and geographical convenience and specificity;
(b) One hundred and ten members to be elected through the proportional electoral system where voters vote for political parties, with the whole country being considered as a single election constituency.
(2) The federal law shall provide that in filing candidacy by political parties for the election to the House of Representatives under the proportional electoral system, representation shall be ensured on the basis of a closed list also from women, Dalit, indigenous nationalities (Aadibasi Janajati) Khas Arya, Madhesi, Tharu, Muslims and backward regions, on the basis of population. In so filing candidacy, regard shall also be had to geography and regional balance.
Explanation: For the purposes of this clause, "Khas Arya" means Kshetri, Brahmin, Thakuri, Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities.
(3) In filing candidacy pursuant to clause (2), political parties shall provide for representation of the persons with disabilities as well.
(4) Election to the House of Representatives referred to in clause (1) shall be held through secret ballots in accordance with law.
…
(6) A person who is qualified pursuant to Article 87 and entitled to vote in an election to the members of the House of Representatives may, subject to the federal law, be a candidate in any election constituency.
Provided that a person shall not be a candidate in more than one election constituencies at the same time.
(7) In case the seat of any member of the House of Representatives falls vacant while its term still remains for more than six months, the vacancy shall be fulfilled in the same manner of electoral system as in which such seat was fulfilled.
(8) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Part, at least one third of the total number of members elected from each political party representing in the Federal Parliament shall be women. In case women are not so elected as to constitute one third of the elected members of any political party pursuant to subclause (a) of clause (1) and sub-clause (a) of clause (2) of Article 86, such political party must, in electing members under sub-clause (b) of clause (1), so elect that women members constitute at least one third of the total number of members elected to the Federal Parliament from that party.
(9) Election to the House of Representatives and other matters pertaining thereto shall be as provided for in the federal law. (Art. 84) - Nepali
(१) प्रतिनिधि सभामा देहाय बमोजिमका दुई सय पचहत्तर सदस्य रहनेछन्ः–
(क) नेपाललाई जनसंख्या र भौगोलिक अनुकुलता तथा विशिष्टताका आधारमा एक सय पैंसठ्ठी निर्वाचन क्षेत्र कायम गरी प्रत्येक निर्वाचन क्षेत्रबाट एक जना रहने गरी पहिलो हुने निर्वाचित हुने निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम निर्वाचित हुने एक सय पैंसठ्ठी सदस्य,
(ख) सम्पूर्ण देशलाई एक निर्वाचन क्षेत्र मानी राजनीतिक दललाई मत दिने समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम निर्वाचित हुने एक सय दश सदस्य ।
(२) समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम हुने प्रतिनिधि सभाको निर्वाचनका लागि राजनीतिक दलले उम्मेदवारी दिंदा जनसंख्याको आधारमा महिला, दलित, आदिवासी जनजाति, खस आर्य, मधेसी, थारू, मुस्लिम, पिछडिएको क्षेत्र समेतबाट बन्द सूचीका आधारमा प्रतिनिधित्व गराउने व्यवस्था संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ । त्यसरी उम्मेदवारी दिंदा भूगोल र प्रादेशिक सन्तुलनलाई समेत ध्यान दिनु पर्नेछ ।
स्पष्टीकरणः यस उपधाराको प्रयोजनका लागि “खस आर्य” भन्नाले क्षेत्री, ब्राम्हण, ठकुरी, संन्यासी (दशनामी) समुदाय सम्झनु पर्छ ।
(३) उपधारा (२) बमोजिम राजनीतिक दलले उम्मेदवारी दिंदा अपांगता भएको व्यक्तिको समेत प्रतिनिधित्व हुने व्यवस्था गर्नु पर्नेछ ।
(४) उपधारा (१) बमोजिम हुने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्यको निर्वाचन कानून बमोजिम गोप्य मतदानद्वारा हुनेछ ।
…
(६) प्रतिनिधि सभाका सदस्यका लागि हुने निर्वाचनमा मतदान गर्न अधिकार पाएको धारा ८७ बमोजिम योग्यता पुगेको व्यक्ति संघीय कानूनको अधीनमा रही कुनै पनि निर्वाचन क्षेत्रबाट उम्मेदवार हुन पाउनेछ । तर एउटै व्यक्ति एकभन्दा बढी निर्वाचन क्षेत्रमा एकै पटक उम्मेदवार हुन पाउने छैन ।
(७) प्रतिनिधि सभाको कार्यकाल छ महीनाभन्दा बढी अवधि बाँकी छँदै कुनै सदस्यको स्थान रिक्त भएमा त्यस्तो स्थान जुन निर्वाचन प्रणालीबाट पूर्ति भएको थियो सोही प्रक्रियाद्वारा पूर्ति गरिनेछ ।
(८) यस भागमा अन्यत्र जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए तापनि संघीय संसदमा प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने प्रत्येक राजनीतिक दलबाट निर्वाचित कुल सदस्य संख्याको कम्तीमा एक तिहाइ सदस्य महिला हुनु पर्नेछ । त्यसरी निर्वाचित गर्दा उपधारा (१) को खण्ड (क) र धारा ८६ को उपधारा (२) को खण्ड (क) बमोजिम निर्वाचित सदस्यहरू मध्ये कुनै राजनीतिक दलको एक तिहाइ सदस्य महिला निर्वाचित हुन नसकेमा त्यस्तो राजनीतिक दलले उपधारा (१) को खण्ड (ख) बमोजिम सदस्य निर्वाचित गर्दा आफ्नो दलबाट संघीय संसदमा निर्वाचित हुने कुल सदस्यको कम्तीमा एक तिहाइ महिला सदस्य हुने गरी निर्वाचित गर्नु पर्नेछ ।
(९) प्रतिनिधि सभाको निर्वाचन र तत्सम्बन्धी अन्य विषय संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ । (धारा ८४)
Legislature
- EnglishParliament shall pass statutes. It shall monitor the action of the Government. It shall assess public policies.
It shall comprise the National Assembly and the Senate.
Members of the National Assembly, whose number shall not exceed five hundred and seventy-seven, shall be elected by direct suffrage.
The Senate, whose members shall not exceed three hundred and forty-eight, shall be elected by indirect suffrage. The Senate shall ensure the representation of the territorial communities of the Republic.
… (1958 Constitution, Art. 24) - FrenchLe Parlement vote la loi. Il contrôle l'action du Gouvernement. Il évalue les politiques publiques.
Il comprend l'Assemblée nationale et le Sénat.
Les députés à l'Assemblée nationale, dont le nombre ne peut excéder cinq cent soixante-dix-sept, sont élus au suffrage direct.
Le Sénat, dont le nombre de membres ne peut excéder trois cent quarante-huit, est élu au suffrage indirect. Il assure la représentation des collectivités territoriales de la République.
… (Constitution 1958, Art. 24)
Legislature
- EnglishThere shall be two Federal Houses: The House of Peoples' Representatives and the House of the Federation. (Art. 53)
- Amharicየፌዴራሉ መንግሥት ሁለት ምክር ቤቶች ይኖሩታል፤ እነዚህም የሕዝብተወካዮች ምክር ቤት እና የፌዴሬሽን ምክር ቤት ናቸው፡፡ (አንቀጽ 53)
Legislature
- EnglishThe Parliament exercises the legislative power.
It votes the laws, controls the action of the government and evaluates the public policies.
… (Art. 70) - Arabicيمارس البرلمان السلطة التشريعية.
يصوت البرلمان على القوانين، ويراقب عمل الحكومة، ويقيم السياسات العمومية.
... (الفصل 70)
Legislature
- EnglishAll legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. (Art. I, Sec. 1)
Legislature
- English
Majlis Oman consists of the following:
– Majlis Al-Dawla
– Majlis Al-Shura (Art. 68) - Arabic
يتكون مجلس عمان من الآتي:
– مجلس الدولة.
– مجلس الشورى. (المادّة ٦٨)
Legislature
- English1. The number of Representatives shall be fifty:
Provided that such number may be altered by a resolution of the House of Representatives carried by a majority comprising two-thirds of the Representatives elected by the Greek Community and two-thirds of the Representatives elected by the Turkish Community.
2. Out of the number of Representatives provided in paragraph I of this Article seventy per centum shall be elected by the Greek Community and thirty per centum by the Turkish Community separately from amongst their members respectively, and in the case of a contested election, by universal suffrage and by direct and secret ballot held on the same day.
The proportion of Representatives stated in this paragraph shall be independent of any statistical data. (Art. 62) - GreekΟ αριθμός των βουλευτών ορίζεται εις πεντήκοντα, δύναται δε να μεταβληθεί δι’ αποφάσεως της Βουλής των Αντιπροσώπων λαμβανομένης διά πλειοψηφίας αποτελουμένης εκ των δύο τρίτων των υπό της ελληνικής κοινότητος εκλεγέντων βουλευτών και εκ των δύο τρίτων των υπό της τουρκικής κοινότητος εκλεγέντων βουλευτών.
Εκ του κατά την πρώτην παράγραφον του παρόντος άρθρου προβλεπομένου αριθμού των βουλευτών τα εβδομήκοντα επί τοις εκατόν εκλέγονται υπό της ελληνικής κοινότητος και τα τριάκοντα επί τοις εκατόν υπό της τουρκικής κοινότητος κεχωρισμένως εκ των μελών εκατέρας κοινότητος και εν περιπτώσει εκλογής, εις ην οι υποψήφιοι είναι πλείονες του αριθμού των εδρών, διά καθολικής αμέσου και μυστικής ψηφοφορίας διενεργουμένης κατά την αυτήν ημέραν.
Η αναλογία των βουλευτών η καθοριζομένη εις την παρούσαν παράγραφον είναι ανεξάρτητος στατιστικών δεδομένων. (Αρθρον 62) - Turkish1. Temsilcilerin sayısı ellidir:
Bu sayı, Temsilciler Meclisinin, Rum Cemaatinin seçtiği Temsilcilerin üçte ikisini ve Türk Cemaatinin seçtiği Temsilcilerin üçte ikisini ihtiva eden bir çoğunlukla alacağı bir karar ile değiştirilebilir.
2. Bu Maddenin 1. fıkrasında gösterilen Temsilci sayısının yüzde yetmişi Rum Cemaati ve yüzde otuzu Türk Cemaati tarafından kendi üyeleri arasından ayrı ayrı yapılacak seçimle ve tartışmalı bir seçim olduğu takdirde ise, aynı günde genel, tek dereceli ve gizli olarak seçilir.
Bu fıkrada konulan Temsilci oranı herhangi bir istatistik verisine tabi değildir. (Madde 62)