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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of the State.
He sees to the respect for the Constitution, for the international engagements, for the laws and the decisions of justice.
He assures the regular functioning of the public powers and the continuity of the State.
He determines and controls the conduct of the policy of the Nation.
… (Art. 45) - FrenchLe président de la République est le chef de l'État.
Il veille au respect de la Constitution, des engagements internationaux, des lois et des décisions de justice.
Il assure le fonctionnement régulier des pouvoirs publics et la continuité de l'État.
Il détermine et contrôle la conduite de la politique de la Nation.
… (Art. 45)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of [the] State of Guatemala and [he or she] exercises the functions of the Executive Organ through the mandate of the people.
… (Art. 182) - SpanishEl Presidente de la República es el Jefe del Estado de Guatemala y ejerce las funciones del Organismo Ejecutivo por mandato del pueblo.
… (Art. 182)
Head of State
- English(1) There shall be a President of Bangladesh who shall be elected by members of Parliament in accordance with law.
(2) The President shall, as Head of State, take precedence over all other persons in the State, and shall exercise the powers and perform the duties conferred and imposed on him by this Constitution and by any other law.
...
(4) A person shall not be qualified for election as President if he -
(a) is less than thirty five years of age; or
(b) is not qualified for election as a member of Parliament; or
(c) has been removed from the office of President by impeachment under this Constitution.
... (Art. 48) - Bengali(১) বাংলাদেশের একজন রাষ্ট্রপতি থাকিবেন, যিনি আইন অনুযায়ী সংসদ-সদস্যগণ কর্তৃক নির্বাচিত হইবেন।
(২) রাষ্ট্রপ্রধানরূপে রাষ্ট্রপতি রাষ্ট্রের অন্য সকল ব্যক্তির ঊর্ধ্বে স্থান লাভ করিবেন এবং এই সংবিধান ও অন্য কোন আইনের দ্বারা তাঁহাকে প্রদত্ত ও তাঁহার উপর অর্পিত সকল ক্ষমতা প্রয়োগ ও কর্তব্য পালন করিবেন।
…
(৪) কোন ব্যক্তি রাষ্ট্রপতি নির্বাচিত হইবার যোগ্য হইবেন না, যদি তিনি-
(ক) পঁয়ত্রিশ বৎসরের কম বয়স্ক হন; অথবা
(খ) সংসদ-সদস্য নির্বাচিত হইবার যোগ্য না হন; অথবা
(গ) কখনও এই সংবিধানের অধীন অভিশংসন দ্বারা রাষ্ট্রপতির পদ হইতে অপসারিত হইয়া থাকেন।
… (অনুচ্ছেদ ৪৮)
Head of State
- English1. The executive authority of Uganda is vested in the President and shall be exercised in accordance with this Constitution and the laws of Uganda.
2. The President shall execute and maintain this Constitution and all laws made under or continued in force by this Constitution.
3. It shall be the duty of the President to abide by, uphold and safeguard this Constitution and the laws of Uganda and to promote the welfare of the citizens and protect the territorial integrity of Uganda.
... (Art. 99)
Head of State
- EnglishThe right and title of King George Tupou I to the Crown and the Throne of this Kingdom were confirmed by the Constitution of 1875 and it was further declared in the said Constitution that the succession to the Crown and Throne should devolve upon David Uga and then upon Wellington Gu and then upon them begotten by him in marriage and if at any time there be no heirs of Wellington Gu the Crown and Throne shall descend in accordance with the following law of succession:
It shall be lawful only for those born in marriage to succeed.
The succession shall be to the eldest male child and the heirs of his body but if he should have no children to the second male child and the heirs of his body and so on until all the male line shall be ended.
Should there be no male child the eldest female child shall succeed and the heirs of her body and if she should have no children it shall descend to the second female child and the heirs of her body until the female line is ended.
And if there shall be none of this line of David Uga lawful descendants by marriage to succeed to the Crown of Tonga it shall descend to William Tungi and his lawful heirs begotten by him in marriage and to their heirs begotten by them.
And if there should be no lawful heir the King shall appoint his heir if the House of Nobles consent to it (the representatives of the people having no voice in the matter) and he shall be publicly declared heir to the Crown during the King's life.
Should there be no heir to the Crown or successor who has been so publicly proclaimed the Prime Minister or in his absence the Cabinet ministers shall convoke the nobles of the Legislative Assembly (the representatives of the people having no voice in the matter) and when they meet the House of Nobles shall choose by ballot some one of the chiefs whom they wish to succeed as King. And he shall succeed as the first of a new dynasty and he and the heirs of his body born in marriage shall possess the Crown according to law.
And in the event of there being none to succeed according to this law the Prime Minister or in his absence the Cabinet ministers shall again convoke the nobles of the Legislative Assembly in accordance with this law and they shall choose one to succeed to the Throne as the first of a new dynasty and so on according to this law for ever. (Clause 32) - Tongan‘Oku ma‘u ‘a e Kalauni mo e Nofo‘anga Faka-Tu‘i ‘o e Pule‘anga ni ‘e he ‘Ene ‘Afio ko Kingi Siaosi Tupou I pea ‘oku fakapapau ni ‘e ma‘u ‘e ia pea mo ia na‘e tupu ‘iate ia ‘a Tevita ‘Unga pea mo ia na‘e tupu ai ‘a Uelingatoni Ngu mo kinautolu ‘e tupu ‘iate ia ko ‘ene fānau mali pea ka hala ia ‘o ‘ikai ha hako tupu mali ‘o Uelingatoni Ngu ‘e hoko ‘o hangē ko e lao ‘o e hokohoko ni:
Pea ko ‘eni ‘a e anga ‘o e hokohoko ‘e ngofua ke kau ‘i he hokohoko ni ‘a e fanau tupu mali pe.
Pea ‘e hoko ki he tamasi‘i tangata mo e ngaahi ‘ea ‘o hono sino pea ka hala ia ‘o ‘ikai hano hako ‘e hoko ki hono ua ‘o e tamasi‘i tangata mo e ngaahi ‘ea ‘o hono sino pea fai pehē kae ‘oua kuo ‘osi ‘a e fānau tangata.
Pea ka ‘ikai ha tamasi‘i tangata ‘e hoko ki he ‘uluaki tamasi‘i fefine mo e ngaahi ‘ea ‘o hono sino pea ka hala ia ‘o ‘ikai hano hako ‘e hoko ki hono ua ‘o e tamasi‘i fefine mo e ngaahi ‘ea ‘o hono sino pea fai pehē pe kae ‘oua kuo ‘osi ‘a e fānau fefine.
Pea ka ‘ikai ha taha ‘iate kinautolu ‘o Tevita ‘Unga ko e fanau mali hoko totonu ke hoko ki he Kalauni ‘o e Tu‘i ‘o Tonga ‘e hoko kia Uiliami Tungi pe ko hono ngaahi ‘ea totonu ‘a ia ‘oku tupu ‘i hono sino ko e fānau mali pea mo e ngaahi ‘ea ‘oku tupu ‘iate kinautolu foki.
Pea ka ‘ikai ha ‘ea totonu ‘e fakanofo ‘e he Tu‘i ‘a hono ‘ea kapau ‘oku loto ki ai ‘a e Hou‘eiki Nopele (ka ‘oku ‘ikai kau ai ‘a e kau fakafofonga ‘o e kakai) pea ‘e fakahāhā ko e ‘ea ia ki he Kalauni ‘i he kei lakoifie ‘a e Tu‘i.
Pea ka faifai pea ‘ikai ha ‘ea mo e hoko totonu ki he Kalauni ha taha kuo fakahāhā‘o hangē ko e tu‘utu‘uni ni ‘e fakataha leva ‘e he Palemia pea ka mama‘o ia ‘e ‘i he Kapineti (ko e kau Minisita) ‘a e Hou‘eiki Nopele ‘o e Fale Alea (pea ‘e ‘ikai kau ai ‘a e kau fakafofonga ‘o e kakai) pea ka fakataha ‘e fili ‘e he hou‘eiki Nopele ‘o e Fale Alea ‘aki ‘a e paloti ha taha ‘o e Hou‘eiki ‘a ia ‘oku nau loto ki ai ke hoko ko e Tu‘i pea ‘e hoko ia ko e kamata‘anga ‘o e Ha‘a Tu‘i fo‘ou pea ‘e ma’u ‘e hono ngaahi ‘ea ‘oku tupu ‘iate ia ‘i hono sino ko e fānau mali ‘a e Kalauni ‘o hangē ko e lao ni
Pea ka faifai pea ‘ikai ha hoko ‘iate kinautolu ‘o hangē ko e lao ni ‘e toe fakataha ‘e he Palemia pea ka mama‘o ia ‘e ‘i he Kapineti mo e Hou‘eiki Nopele ‘o e Fale Alea ‘o hangē ko e tu‘utu‘uni ni pea te nau toe fili ha taha ke hoko ki he Kalauni ko e kamata‘anga ‘o e Ha‘a Tu‘i fo‘ou pea ‘e fai pehē ai pe ‘o hangē ko e lao ni ‘o lauikuonga. (Kupu 32)
Head of State
- English(1) There shall be a President of Pakistan who shall be the Head of State and shall represent the unity of the Republic.
(2) A person shall not be qualified for election as President unless he is a Muslim of not less than forty-five years of age and is qualified to be elected as member of the National Assembly.
(3) The President shall be elected in accordance with the provisions of the Second Schedule10 by the members of an electoral college consisting of--
(a) the members of both Houses; and
(b) the members of the Provincial Assemblies.
… (Art. 41) - Urdu(ا) پاکستان کا ایک صدر ہو گا جو مملکت کا سربراہ ہو گا اور جمہوریہ کے اتحاد کی نمائندگی کرے گا۔
(۲) کوئی شخص اس وقت تک صدر کی حیثیت سے انتخاب کا اہل نہیں ہو گا تاوقتیکہ وہ کم از کم پینتالیس سال کی عمرکا مسلمان نہ ہو اور قومی اسمبلی کا رکن منتخب ہونے کا اہل نہ ہو۔
(۳) صدر جدول دوم کے احکام کے مطابق ذیل پر مشتمل انتخابی ادارے کے ارکان کی طرف سے منتخب کیا جائےگا--
(الف) دونوں ایوانوں کے ارکان؛ اور
(ب) صوبائی اسمبلیوں کے ارکان۔
… (آرٹیکل ۴۱)
Head of State
- English
A citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan not younger than thirty five years, being in full command of the state language and permanently residing on the territory of Uzbekistan for at least 10 years, immediately preceding the elections, may be elected the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. One and the same person may not be the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for more than two consecutive terms.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be elected by citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of the universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot for the term of seven years. The procedure for electing the President shall be defined by law of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (Art. 106) - Uzbek
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti lavozimiga o‘ttiz besh yoshdan kichik bo‘lmagan, davlat tilini yaxshi biladigan, bevosita saylovgacha kamida 10 yil O‘zbekiston hududida muqim yashayotgan O‘zbekiston Respublikasi fuqarosi saylanishi mumkin. Ayni bir shaxs surunkasiga ikki muddatdan ortiq O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Prezidenti bo‘lishi mumkin emas.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Prezidenti O‘zbekiston Respublikasining fuqarolari tomonidan umumiy, teng va to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri saylov huquqi asosida yashirin ovoz berish yo‘li bilan yetti yil muddatga saylanadi. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Prezidentini saylash tartibi qonun bilan belgilanadi. (106-modda)
Head of State
- English
(1) The Governor-General shall be appointed, and may be removed from office at any time, by the Sovereign, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister given after the Prime Minister has, in confidence, consulted the members of Parliament.
(2) A person is not qualified to be appointed Governor-General unless-
(a) he has attained the age of 50 years; and
(b) he is otherwise qualified to be elected as a member of Parliament.
… (Sec. 56)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Executive Power of the Republic shall be vested in the President who shall be Head of State, Head of Government and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Liberia. The president shall be elected by universal adult suffrage of registered voters in the Republic … (Art. 50)
Head of State
- EnglishTo be President of the Republic of Haiti, one must:
1. be Haitian of origin and never to have renounced his Haitian nationality and not holding any other nationality at the moment of his inscription;
2. be thirty-five (35) years of age on the day of the elections;
3. enjoy ones civil and political rights and to never have been condemned to a afflictive and infamous penalty for a crime of common law;
4. be the owner of real assets at the least and have a habitual residence in the country;
5. have resided in the country for five (5) consecutive years at least before the date of the elections;
6. have received discharge from his management if one has been accountable for public monies. (Art. 135) - FrenchPour être élu Président de la République d'Haïti, il faut:
1. être haïtien d'origine, n'avoir jamais renoncé à sa nationalité et ne détenir aucune autre nationalité au moment de l'inscription;
2. être âgé de trente-cinq (35) ans accomplis au jour des élections;
3. jouir de ses droits civils et politiques et n'avoir jamais été condamné à une peine afflictive et infamante pour crime de droit commun;
4. être propriétaire en Haïti d'un immeuble au moins et avoir dans le pays une résidence habituelle;
5. résider dans le pays depuis cinq (5) années consécutives avant la date des élections;
6. avoir reçu décharge de sa gestion si on a été comptable des deniers publics. (Art. 135)