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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe circumstances in which Monegasque nationality may be acquired are laid down by law. The circumstances in which a person who has acquired Monegasque nationality by naturalization may be deprived of it are laid down in the law.
Loss of Monegasque nationality in any other circumstance may occur only, as prescribed by law, further to the intentional acquisition of another nationality or of service unlawfully carried out in a foreign army. (Art. 18) - FrenchLa loi règle les modes d'acquisition de la nationalité. La loi règle les conditions dans lesquelles la nationalité acquise par naturalisation peut-être retirée.
La perte de la nationalité monégasque dans tous les autres cas ne peut être prévue par la loi qu'en raison de l'acquisition volontaire d'une autre nationalité ou du service illégitimement accompli dans une armée étrangère. (Art 18)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe acquisition and loss of Liechtenstein citizenship shall be determined by the laws. (Art. 30)
- GermanÜber Erwerb und Verlust des Staatsbürgerrechtes bestimmen die Gesetze. (Art. 30)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
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The State shall have exclusive legislative powers in the following fields:
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i) citizenship, vital records and registry offices;
… (Art. 117) - Italian
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Lo Stato ha legislazione esclusiva nelle seguenti materie:
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i) cittadinanza, stato civile e anagrafi;
… (Art. 117)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Polish citizenship shall be acquired by birth to parents being Polish citizens. Other methods of acquiring Polish citizenship shall be specified by statute.
2. A Polish citizen shall not lose Polish citizenship except by renunciation thereof. (Art. 34) - Polish1. Obywatelstwo polskie nabywa się przez urodzenie z rodziców będących obywatelami polskimi. Inne przypadki nabycia obywatelstwa polskiego określa ustawa.
2. Obywatel polski nie może utracić obywatelstwa polskiego, chyba że sam się go zrzeknie. (Art. 34)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishA child acquires Finnish citizenship at birth and through the citizenship of its parents, as provided in more detail by an Act. Citizenship may also be granted upon notification or application, subject to the criteria determined by an Act.
No one can be divested of or released from his or her Finnish citizenship except on grounds determined by an Act and only if he or she is in possession of or will be granted the citizenship of another State. (Sec. 5) - FinnishSuomen kansalaisuus saadaan syntymän ja vanhempien kansalaisuuden perusteella sen mukaan kuin lailla tarkemmin säädetään. Kansalaisuus voidaan myöntää laissa säädetyin edellytyksin myös ilmoituksen tai hakemuksen perusteella.
Suomen kansalaisuudesta voidaan vapauttaa vain laissa säädetyillä perusteilla ja sillä edellytyksellä, että henkilöllä on tai hän saa toisen valtion kansalaisuuden. (5 §) - SwedishBarn får finskt medborgarskap vid födelsen och genom föräldrarnas medborgarskap enligt vad som närmare bestäms genom lag. Enligt grunder som bestäms i lag kan medborgarskap också beviljas efter anmälan eller på ansökan.
Ingen kan fråntas eller befrias från sitt finska medborgarskap annat än på i lag bestämda grunder och under förutsättning att han eller hon har eller får medborgarskap i en annan stat. (5 §)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) No citizen of Malta shall be deprived of his freedom of movement, and for the purpose of this article the said freedom means the right to move freely throughout Malta, the right to reside in any part of Malta, the right to leave and the right to enter Malta.
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(4) For the purposes of this article, any person –
(a) who has emigrated from Malta (whether before, on or after the appointed day) and, having been a citizen of Malta by virtue of article 3(1) or of article 5(1) of the Maltese Citizenship Act as in force upon the coming into force of the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2000, has ceased to be such a citizen; or
(b) who emigrated from Malta before the appointed day and, but for his having ceased to be a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies before that day, would have become a citizen of Malta by virtue of article 3(1) of the Maltese Citizenship Act as in force upon the coming into force of the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2000; or
(c)* who is the spouse of a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of this sub-article or of a person who is a citizen of Malta by virtue of article 3(1) or of article 5(1) of the Maltese Citizenship Act as in force upon the coming into force of the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2000, and who has been married to that person for at least five years and is living with that person, or is the child under twenty-one years of age of such a person; or
(d) who is the widow or the widower of a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of this subarticle or of a person who at the time of his or her death was a citizen of Malta by virtue of article 3(1) or of article 5(1) of the Maltese Citizenship Act as in force upon the coming into force of the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2000, and who was still living with him or her at the time of his or her death and had been married to that person for at least five years or who would, but for the death of that person, have been so married for at least five years, or is the child under twenty-one years of age of such a person,
shall be deemed to be a citizen of Malta by virtue of article 3(1) or of article 5(1) of the Maltese Citizenship Act as in force upon the coming into force of the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2000:
Provided that if the Minister responsible for matters relating to Maltese citizenship at any time by order declares that it is contrary to the public interest that a spouse as is mentioned in paragraph (c), or a widow or widower as is mentioned in paragraph (d), or a child over eighteen years of age as is mentioned in paragraph (c) or (d) is to be so deemed, or to continue to be so deemed, such spouse, widow, widower or child, as the case may be, shall thereupon cease to be deemed to be a citizen of Malta as aforesaid:
Provided further that the Minister responsible for matters relating to Maltese citizenship shall not be required to assign any reason for the issue of any order referred to in the immediately preceding proviso, and the decision of the Minister on any such order shall not be subject to appeal to or review in any court.
… (Art. 44) - Maltese(1) Ebda ċittadin ta’ Malta ma għandu jiġi pprivat mil-libertà tiegħu ta’ moviment, u għall-fini ta’ dan l-artikolu din il-libertà tfisser id-dritt ta’ moviment liberu ġewwa Malta, id-dritt li jirrisjedi f’kull parti ta’ Malta, id-dritt li joħroġ minn Malta u d-dritt li jidħol Malta.
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(4) Għall-finijiet ta’ dan l-artikolu kull persuna -
(a) li tkun emigrat minn Malta (kemm jekk qabel, fi jew wara l-ġurnata stabbilita) u, billi kienet ċittadin ta’ Malta bis-saħħa tal-artikolu 3(1) jew tal-artikolu 5(1) tal-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija kif ikun fis-seħħ mal-bidu fis-seħħ tal-Att tal-2000 li jemenda l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija, tkun temmet milli tkun ċittadin bħal dak; jew
(b) li emigrat minn Malta qabel il-ġurnata stabbilita u, li ma kienx għaliex tkun temmet milli tkun ċittadin tar-Renju Unit u Kolonji qabel dik il-ġurnata, kienet issir ċittadin ta’ Malta bis-saħħa tal-artikolu 3(1) l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija kif ikun fis-seħħ mal-bidu fis-seħħ tal-Att tal-2000 li jemenda l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija; jew
(ċ)* li jkun il-konjuġi ta’ persuna msemmija fil-paragrafu (a) jew (b) ta’ dan is-subartikolu jew ta’ persuna li tkun ċittadin ta’ Malta bis-saħħa tal-artikolu 3(1) jew tal-artikolu 5(1) tal-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija kif ikun fis-seħħ mal-bidu fis-seħħ tal-Att tal-2000 li jemenda l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija u li tkun miżżewġa lil dik il-persuna għal mill-inqas ħames snin u li tkun tgħix ma’ dik il-persuna, jew tkun l-iben jew il-bint taħt il-wieħed u għoxrin sena ta’ età ta’ dik il-persuna; jew,
(d) li tkun l-armla jew l-armel ta’ persuna msemmija fil-paragrafu (a) jew fil-paragrafu (b) ta’ dan is-subartikolu jew ta’ persuna li fil-waqt tal-mewt tiegħu jew tagħha kienet ċittadin ta’ Malta bis-saħħa tal-artikolu 3(1) jew tal-artikolu 5(1) tal-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija kif ikun fis-seħħ mal-bidu fis-seħħ tal-Att tal-2000 li jemenda l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija, u li kienet għadha tgħix miegħu jew jgħix magħha fil-waqt tal-mewt tiegħu jew tagħha u li kienet ilha miżżewġa lil dik il-persuna għal mill-inqas ħames snin, jew li kieku kienet, li ma kienx għall-mewt ta’ dik il-persuna, tkun ilha hekk miżżewġa għal mill-inqas ħames snin, jew tkun l-iben jew il-bint taħt l-età ta’ wieħed u għoxrin sena ta’ dik il-persuna,
għandha titqies li tkun ċittadin ta’ Malta bis-saħħa tal-artikolu 3(1) jew tal-artikolu 5(1) tal-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija kif ikun fis-seħħ mal-bidu fis-seħħ tal-Att tal-2000 li jemenda l-Att dwar iċ-Ċittadinanza Maltija:
Iżda jekk il-Ministru responsabbli għall-ħwejjeġ li għandhom x’jaqsmu maċ-ċittadinanza Maltija f’xi żmien b’ordni jiddikjara li jkun kontra l-interess pubbliku li konjuġi kif hemm imsemmi fil-paragrafu (ċ), jew armla jew armel kif hemm imsemmi fil-paragrafu (d), jew iben jew bint li jkollhom ’il fuq minn tmintax-il sena ta’ età kif hemm imsemmi fil-paragrafu (ċ) jew (d) għandhom hekk jitqiesu, jew ikomplu hekk jitqiesu, dawk il-konjuġi, armla, armel, iben jew bint, skont il-każ, għandhom ma’ dan itemmu milli jitqiesu bħala ċittadini ta’ Malta kif imsemmi qabel:
Iżda wkoll, il-Ministru responsabbli għall-ħwejjeġ li għandhom x’jaqsmu maċ-ċittadinanza Maltija ma għandux ikun meħtieġ li jagħti ebda raġuni għall-ħruġ ta’ xi ordni msemmi fil-proviso li jiġi minnufih qabel, u d-deċiżjoni tal-Ministru dwar xi ordni bħal dan ma għandha tkun suġġetta għal appell jew stħarriġ f’ebda qorti.
… (Art. 44)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Spanish nationality shall be acquired, retained and lost in accordance with the provisions of the law.
(2) No person of Spanish birth may be deprived of his or her nationality.
(3) The State may negotiate dual nationality treaties with Latin-American countries or with those which have had or which have special links with Spain. In these countries Spaniards may become naturalized without losing their nationality of origin, even if those countries do not grant a reciprocal right to their own citizens. (Sec. 11) - Spanish1. La nacionalidad española se adquiere, se conserva y se pierde de acuerdo con lo establecido por la ley.
2. Ningún español de origen podrá ser privado de su nacionalidad.
3. El Estado podrá concertar tratados de doble nacionalidad con los países iberoamericanos o con aquellos que hayan tenido o tengan una particular vinculación con España. En estos mismos países, aun cuando no reconozcan a sus ciudadanos un derecho recíproco, podrán naturalizarse los españoles sin perder su nacionalidad de origen. (Art. 11)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Everyone shall have the right to determine and declare his (her) nationality. Nobody shall be forced to determine and declare his (her) nationality.
… (Art. 26) - Russian1. Каждый вправе определять и указывать свою национальную принадлежность. Никто не может быть принужден к определению и указанию своей национальной принадлежности.
… (Статья 26)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) No German may be deprived of his citizenship. Citizenship may be lost only pursuant to a law, and against the will of the person affected only if he does not become stateless as a result.
… (Art. 16) - German(1) Die deutsche Staatsangehörigkeit darf nicht entzogen werden. Der Verlust der Staatsangehörigkeit darf nur auf Grund eines Gesetzes und gegen den Willen des Betroffenen nur dann eintreten, wenn der Betroffene dadurch nicht staatenlos wird.
… (Art. 16)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
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No one may be deprived of citizenship of the Republic of Belarus or of the right to change citizenship.
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The acquisition and termination of citizenship shall be in accordance with the law. (Art. 10) - Belarusian
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Ніхто не можа быць пазбаўлены грамадзянства Рэспублікі Беларусь або права змяніць грамадзянства.
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Набыццё і страта грамадзянства ажыццяўляюцца ў адпаведнасці з законам. (Артыкул 10) - Russian
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Никто не может быть лишен гражданства Республики Беларусь или права изменить гражданство.
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Приобретение и утрата гражданства осуществляются в соответствии с законом. (Статья 10)