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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Customary Law
- EnglishThe Traditional and Customary Authorities participate notably in:
- The valuing [valorisation] of use and customs;
- The promotion of the ideas of peace, of development and of social cohesion;
- The non-jurisdictional regulation of disputes [différends] within their territorial] resort. (Art. 218) - Arabicتشارك السلطات التقليدية والعرفية لا سيما في:
- تقييم التقاليد والأعراف؛
- الترويج لأفكار السلام والتنمية والتماسك الاجتماعي؛
- التنظيم غير القضائي للمنازعات داخل نطاقها الإقليمي. (المادة 218) - FrenchLes Autorités Traditionnelles et Coutumières participent notamment à:
- La valorisation des us et coutumes;
- La promotion des idéaux de paix, de développement et de cohésion sociale;
- Au règlement non juridictionnel des différends dans leur ressort territorial. (Art. 218)
Customary Law
- EnglishEvery citizen shall be at liberty in the exercise of the following rights, if not contrary to the laws, enacted for Union security, prevalence of law and order, community peace and tranquility or public order and morality:
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(d) to develop their language, literature, culture they cherish, religion they profess, and customs without prejudice to the relations between one national race and another or among national races and to other faiths. (Sec. 354) - Burmeseနိုင်ငံသားတိုင်းသည် နိုင်ငံတော်လုံးခြုံရေး၊ တရားဥပဒေစိုးမိုးရေး၊ ရပ်ရွာအေးချမ်းသာယာရေး သို့မဟုတ် ပြည်သူတို့၏ ကိုယ်ကျင့်တရားအကျိုးငှာ ပြဌာန်းထားသည့် ဥပဒေများနှင့် မဆန့်ကျင်လျှင် အောက်ပါအခွင့်အရေးများကို လွတ်လပ်စွာ သုံးစွဲဆောင်ရွက်ခွင့်ရှိသည် -
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(ဃ) တိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုး တစ်မျိုးနှင့် တစ်မျိုး သို့မဟုတ် တိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုးအချင်းချင်း ကိုလည်းကောင်း၊ အခြားဘာသာသာသနာကိုလည်းကောင်း ထိခိုက်နစ်နာမှု မရှိစေ ဘဲ မိမိချစ်ခင်မြတ်နိုးသည့် စကား၊ စာပေ၊ ယဉ်ကျေးမှု၊ ကိုးကွယ်သည့်ဘာသာ သာသနာနှင့် ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်းများကို လွတ်လပ်စွာ ဆောင်ရွက်ပိုင်ခွင့်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၅၄)
Customary Law
- English(1) An appeal shall lie from decisions of a customary Court of Appeal to the Court of Appeal as of right in any civil proceedings before the customary Court of Appeal with respect to any question of Customary law and such other matters as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly.
(2) Any right of appeal to the Court of Appeal from the decisions of a Customary Court of Appeal conferred by this section shall be –
(a) exercisable at the instance of a party thereto or, with the leave of the Customary Court of Appeal or of the Court of Appeal, at the instance of any other person having an interest in the matter;
(b) exercised in accordance with any Act of the National Assembly and rules of court for the time being in force regulating the powers, practice and procedure of the Court of Appeal. (Sec. 245)
Customary Law
- English
The role of the 'Falekaupule', as the island traditional governing authority on each of the islands of Tuvalu, is hereby recognized. The 'Falekaupule' derives its authority from the island's culture, traditions and values and an Act of Parliament. (Sec. 140)
Customary Law
- English...
(2) The National Assembly shall not proceed upon any Bill (including any amendment to a Bill) that, in the opinion of the person presiding, would, if enacted, alter any of the provisions of this Constitution or affect-
(a) the designation, recognition, removal of powers of Dikgosi or Dikgosana
(b) the organization, powers or administration of customary courts;
(c) customary law, or the ascertainment or recording of customary law; or
(d) tribal organization or tribal property,
unless-
(i) a copy of the Bill has been referred to the Ntlo ya Dikgosi after it has been introduced in the National Assembly; and
(ii) a period of 30 days has elapsed from the date when the copy of the Bill was referred to the Ntlo ya Dikgosi. (Sec. 88)
Customary Law
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
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(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision—
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(c) for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters which is the personal law of persons of that description;
… (Sec. 13)
Customary Law
- English...
(2) Except in relation to any act that is done under a valid law which accords with traditional standards, values and practices, any act that is done under a valid law but that in the particular case —
(a) is harsh or oppressive; or
(b) is not reasonable in the circumstances; or
(c) is otherwise not reasonably justifiable in a democratic society having a proper respect for human rights and dignity, is an unlawful act.
(3) The burden of showing that subsection (2) applies in respect of an act is on the party claiming that it does apply.
(4) Nothing in this section affects the operation of any other law under which an act may be held to be unlawful. (Sec. 12)
Customary Law
- English
(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (5), (6) and (9) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
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(4) In this section, the expression "discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(5) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
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(c) for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in the preceding subsection (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law applicable to persons of that description;
(d) for the application of customary law;
… (Sec. 15)8
Customary Law
- English
Principles and rights of the jurisdictional function are:
...
8. The principle to not fail [dejar] to administrate justice for lacuna [vacío] or deficiency in the law.
In such case, the general principles of law and customary law must be applied.
... (Art. 139) - Spanish
Son principios y derechos de la función jurisdiccional:
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8. El principio de no dejar de administrar justicia por vacío o deficiencia de la ley.
En tal caso, deben aplicarse los principios generales del derecho y el derecho consuetudinario.
… (Art. 139)
Customary Law
- English…
5. Pursuant to sub-Article 5 of Article 34 the House of Peoples’ Representatives and State Councils can establish or give official recognition to religious and customary courts. Religious and customary courts that had state recognition and functioned prior to the adoption of the Constitution shall be organized on the basis of recognition accorded to them by this Constitution. (Art. 78) - Amharic…
5. የህዝብ ተወካዬች ምክር ቤትና የክልል ምክር ቤቶች በኣንቀጽ 34 ንኡስ ኣንቀጽ 5 መሰረት የሃማኖትና የባሕል ፍርድ ቤቶችን ሊያቋቁሙ ወይም እውቅና ሊሰጡ ይችላሉ፡፡ ይህ ሕገ መንግሥት ከመጽደቁ በፊት በመንግሥት እውቅና አግኝተው ሲሰራባቸው የነበሩ የሃይማኖቶችና የባሕል ፍርድ ቤቶች በዚህ ሕገ መንግሥት መሰረት እውቅና አግኝተው ይደራጃሉ፡፡ (አንቀጽ 78)