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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
(6) The State shall afford equality of economic opportunity to all citizens; and, in particular, the State shall take all necessary steps so as to ensure the full integration of women into the mainstream of the economic development of Ghana.
… (Art. 36)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe direct and active participation in political life by men and women is a condition for and a fundamental instrument in the consolidation of the democratic system, and the law must promote both equality in the exercise of civic and political rights and the absence of gender-based discrimination in access to political office. (Art. 109)
- PortugueseA participação directa e activa de homens e mulheres na vida política constitui condição e instrumento fundamental de consolidação do sistema democrático, devendo a lei promover a igualdade no exercício dos direitos cívicos e políticos e a não discriminação em função do sexo no acesso a cargos políticos. (Art. 109)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
…
(d) whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section may be subjected to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage that, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable.
… (Sec. 16)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) The State shall endeavour to ensure equality of opportunity to all citizens.
(2) The State shall adopt effective measures to remove social and economic inequality between man and man and to ensure the equitable distribution of wealth among citizens, and of opportunities in order to attain a uniform level of economic development throughout the Republic.
(3) The State Shall endeavour to ensure equality of opportunity and participation of women in all spheres of national life. (Art. 19) - Bengali(১) সকল নাগরিকের জন্য সুযোগের সমতা নিশ্চিত করিতে রাষ্ট্র সচেষ্ট হইবেন৷
(২) মানুষে মানুষে সামাজিক ও অর্থনৈতিক অসাম্য বিলোপ করিবার জন্য, নাগরিকদের মধ্যে সম্পদের সুষম বন্টন নিশ্চিত করিবার জন্য এবং প্রজাতন্ত্রের সর্বত্র অর্থনৈতিক উন্নয়নের সমান স্তর অর্জনের উদ্দেশ্যে সুষম সুযোগ-সুবিধাদান নিশ্চিত করিবার জন্য রাষ্ট্র কার্যকর ব্যবস্থা গ্রহণ করিবেন৷
(৩) জাতীয় জীবনের সর্বস্তরে মহিলাদের অংশগ্রহণ ও সুযোগের সমতা রাষ্ট্র নিশ্চিত করিবেন। (অনুচ্ছেদ ১৯)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
(3) Women and men are equal in rights and in duties.
The State sees to active promotion of elimination of impediments which may exist in matters of equality between women and men.
... (Art. 15)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe State shall guarantee the equality of women and men and develop equal opportunities policy. (Art. 15)
- Serbian CyrillicДржава јемчи равноправност жена и мушкараца и развија политику једнаких могућности. (Члан 15)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
The man and the woman are equal in law. However, the law may establish special provisions for amelioration of the representation of the people by women.
… (Art. 26) - French
...
L'homme et la femme sont égaux en droit. Toutefois, la loi peut fixer des dispositions spéciales d’amélioration de la représentation du peuple par les femmes. ... (Art. 26)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) The State must promote full gender balance in Zimbabwean society, and in particular—
(a) the State must promote the full participation of women in all spheres of Zimbabwean society on the basis of equality with men;
(b) the State must take all measures, including legislative measures, needed to ensure that—
(i) both genders are equally represented in all institutions and agencies of government at every level; and
(ii) women constitute at least half the membership of all Commissions and other elective and appointed governmental bodies established by or under this Constitution or any Act of Parliament;
(c) the State and all institutions and agencies of government at every level must take practical measures to ensure that women have access to resources, including land, on the basis of equality with men.
(2) The State must take positive measures to rectify gender discrimination and imbalances resulting from past practices and policies. (Sec. 17)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe exercise of rights shall be governed by the following principles:
…
2. …
The State shall adopt affirmative action measures that promote real equality for the benefit of the rights-bearers who are in a situation of inequality.
… (Art. 11) - SpanishEI ejercicio de los derechos se regirá por los siguientes principios:
...
2. ...
El Estado adoptará medidas de acción afirmativa que promuevan la igualdad real en favor de los titulares de derechos que se encuentren en situación de desigualdad.
... (Art. 11)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishParliament shall enact legislation to promote the representation in Parliament of—
(a) women;
(b) persons with disabilities;
(c) youth;
(d) ethnic and other minorities; and
(e) marginalised communities. (Art. 100) - SwahiliBunge litatunga sheria ili kuimarisha uwakilishi Bungeni wa—
(a) wanawake;
(b) watu wenye ulemavu;
(c) vijana;
(d) kabila na watu wengine wenye uwakilishi mdogo katika jamii; na
(e) jamii zilizotengwa. (Kifungu cha 100)