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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- English
Citizens have [the] right to participate in public matters by means of referendum; legislative initiative; removal or revocation of authorities and [the] demand of rendition of accounts. They also have the right to be elected and to freely elect their representatives, in accordance with the conditions and procedures determined by organic law.
It is [a] right and duty of residents [vecinos] to participate in the municipal government of their jurisdiction. The law [establishes] norms and promotes the direct and indirect mechanisms of their participation. The citizen in enjoyment of his civil capacity has the right to vote. For the exercise of this right, to be inscribed in the corresponding register is required.
The vote is personal, equal, free, secret and obligatory up to the age of seventy years. It is optional after this age.
The law establishes the mechanisms to guarantee State neutrality during the electoral processes and the citizen participation.
Any act that prohibits or limits [the] citizen [in] the exercise of these rights is null and punishable. (Art. 31) - Spanish
Los ciudadanos tienen derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos mediante referéndum; iniciativa legislativa; remoción o revocación de autoridades y demanda de rendición de cuentas. Tienen también el derecho de ser elegidos y de elegir libremente a sus representantes, de acuerdo con las condiciones y procedimientos determinados por ley orgánica.
Es derecho y deber de los vecinos participar en el gobierno municipal de su jurisdicción. La ley norma y promueve los mecanismos directos e indirectos de su participación.
Tienen derecho al voto los ciudadanos en goce de su capacidad civil. Para el ejercicio de este derecho se requiere estar inscrito en el registro correspondiente.
El voto es personal, igual, libre, secreto y obligatorio hasta los setenta años. Es facultativo después de esa edad.
La ley establece los mecanismos para garantizar la neutralidad estatal durante los procesos electorales y de participación ciudadana.
Es nulo y punible todo acto que prohíba o limite al ciudadano el ejercicio de sus derechos. (Art. 31)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishBolivians have the following rights:
…
4. To freedom of assembly and association, publicly and privately, for legal purposes.
… (Art. 21) - SpanishLas bolivianas y los bolivianos tienen los siguientes derechos:
…
4. A la libertad de reunión y asociación, en forma pública y privada, con fines lícitos.
… (Art. 21)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe following rights of persons are recognized and guaranteed:
…
13. The right to associate, assemble and express oneself freely and voluntarily.
… (Art. 66) - SpanishSe reconoce y garantizará a las personas:
…
13. El derecho a asociarse, reunirse y manifestarse en forma libre y voluntaria.
… (Art. 66)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEvery citizen is a member of the sovereignty of the Nation; as such he is a voter and eligible for election in the cases and in accordance with the procedure which will be set forth. … (Art. 77)
- SpanishTodo ciudadano es miembro de la soberanía de la Nación; como tal es elector y elegible en los casos y formas que se designarán. … (Art. 77)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe men and women who, having the status of Mexicans, meet, as well, the following requirements[,] are citizens of the Republic:
I. Having reached eighteen years [of age], and
II. Having an honest mode of living. (Art. 34) - SpanishSon ciudadanos de la República los varones y mujeres que, teniendo la calidad de mexicanos, reúnan, además, los siguientes requisitos:
I. Haber cumplido 18 años, y
II. Tener un modo honesto de vivir. (Art. 34)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll citizens are guaranteed the right to establish, organize and develop political parties and movements, and the freedom to affiliate with them or to withdraw.
… (Art. 107) - SpanishSe garantiza a todos los ciudadanos el derecho a fundar, organizar y desarrollar partidos y movimientos políticos, y la libertad de afiliarse a ellos o de retirarse.
… (Art. 107)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll citizens with the legal capacity to do so have the right to contribute to the management of the State, either directly or through their elected representatives within the organs of People's Power and to participate, for this purpose, in the form prescribed by the law, through periodic elections, plebiscites, and popular referendums that will be free, equal, direct, and secret. Every elector has the right to a single vote. (Art. 204)
- SpanishTodos los ciudadanos, con capacidad legal para ello, tienen derecho a intervenir en la dirección del Estado, bien directamente o por intermedio de sus representantes elegidos para integrar los órganos del Poder Popular y a participar, con ese propósito, en la forma prevista en la ley, en elecciones periódicas, plebiscitos y referendos populares, que serán de voto libre, igual, directo y secreto. Cada elector tiene derecho a un solo voto. (Art. 204)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishCitizens are those Chileans who have become eighteen years of age and who have not been sentenced to afflictive punishment.
The status of citizen grants the rights of suffrage, of opting for positions subject to popular election, and the others that the Constitution or the law confer.
… (Art. 13) - SpanishSon ciudadanos los chilenos que hayan cumplido dieciocho años de edad y que no hayan sido condenados a pena aflictiva.
La calidad de ciudadano otorga los derechos de sufragio, de optar a cargos de elección popular y los demás que la Constitución o la ley confieran.
… (Art. 13)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe political rights of the citizen are:
1) To exercise the suffrage;
2) To associate to constitute political parties in accordance with the law and [to] join those already constituted;
3) To opt for public office [cargo] complying with the requirements determined by this Constitution and the secondary laws. (Art. 72) - SpanishLos derechos políticos del ciudadano son:
1- Ejercer el sufragio;
2- Asociarse para constituir partidos políticos de acuerdo con la ley e ingresar a los ya constituidos;
3- Optar a cargos públicos cumpliendo con los requisitos que determinan esta Constitución y las leyes secundarias. (Art. 72)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll Venezuelans who have reached the age of 18 and are not subject to political disablement or civil interdiction are qualified to vote. … (Art. 64)
- SpanishSon electores o electoras todos los venezolanos y venezolanas que hayan cumplido dieciocho años de edad y que no estén sujetos a interdicción civil o inhabilitación política. … (Art. 64)