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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Citizenship and Nationality

India
  • English
    At the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and—
    (a) who was born in the territory of India; or
    (b) either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or
    (c) who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement,
    shall be a citizen of India. (Art. 5)
  • Hindi
    इस संविधान के प्रारंभ पर प्रत्येक व्यक्ति जिसका भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में अधिवास है और—
    (क) जो भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
    (ख) जिसके माता या पिता में से कोई भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
    (ग) जो ऐसे प्रारंभ से ठीक पहले कम से कम पाँच वर्ष तक भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में मामूली तौर से निवासी रहा है,
    भारत का नागरिक होगा। (अनुच्छेद 5)

Citizenship and Nationality

Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of
  • English
    The requirements for becoming a citizen of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea are defined by the Law on Nationality.
    … (Art. 62)
  • Korean
    조선민주주의인민공화국 공민이 되는 조건은 국적에 관한 법으로 규정한다.
    … (제62조)

Citizenship and Nationality

Malaysia
  • English
    (1) For the purposes of the foregoing provisions of this Chapter—4
    …
    (b) a woman who before that day became a federal citizen or a citizen of the Federation by registration as a citizen, or in consequence of her registration as the subject of a Ruler, under any provision of the said Agreement or of any State law authorizing the registration of women married to citizens of the Federation or to subjects of the Ruler shall be treated as a citizen by registration under Clause (1) of Article 15;
    … (Art. 28)
  • Malay
    (1) Bagi maksud peruntukan yang terdahulu dalam Bab ini—
    …
    (b) seseorang perempuan yang sebelum Hari Merdeka menjadi warganegara persekutuan atau warganegara bagi Persekutuan melalui pendaftaran sebagai warganegara, atau berikutan dengan pendaftarannya sebagai rakyat seseorang Raja, di bawah mana-mana peruntukan Perjanjian tersebut atau mana-mana peruntukan mana-mana undang-undang Negeri yang membenarkan pendaftaran perempuan yang berkahwin dengan warganegara bagi Persekutuan atau dengan rakyat Raja hendaklah dikira sebagai warganegara melalui pendaftaran di bawah Fasal (1) Perkara 15;
    … (Perkara 28)

Citizenship and Nationality

Pakistan
  • English
    …
    4. Nationality, citizenship and naturalisation.
    … (Fourth Schedule, Federal Legislative List, Part I)
  • Urdu
    …
    (۴) قومیت، شہریت اور عطائے حقوق شہریت۔
    …(جدول چہارم، وفاقی قانون کی فہرست، حصہ اول)

Citizenship and Nationality

Singapore
  • English
    Where a person has —
    (a) renounced his citizenship; or
    (b) been deprived of his citizenship under Article 129(2)(a) or 134(1)(a),
    the Government may, by order, deprive of his citizenship any child of that person under the age of 21 years who has been registered as a citizen of Singapore pursuant to this Constitution and was so registered as being the child of that person or of that person’s wife or husband. (Art. 130)

Citizenship and Nationality

Uzbekistan
  • English

    In the Republic of Uzbekistan, a uniform citizenship shall be established on the entire territory of the Republic.
    Citizenship in the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be equal for all regardless of the grounds of its acquisition.
    A citizen of the Republic of Karakalpakstan shall be a citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
    The grounds and procedure for acquiring and forfeiting citizenship shall be defined by law. (Art. 22)

  • Uzbek

    O‘zbekiston Respublikasining butun hududida yagona fuqarolik o‘rnatiladi.
    O‘zbekiston Respublikasining fuqaroligi, unga qanday asoslarda ega bo‘lganlikdan qat’i nazar, hamma uchun tengdir.
    Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasining fuqarosi ayni vaqtda O‘zbekiston Respublikasining fuqarosi hisoblanadi.
    Fuqarolikka ega bo‘lish va uni yo‘qotish asoslari hamda tartibi qonun bilan belgilanadi. (22-modda)

Citizenship and Nationality

Georgia
  • English
    …
    2. Citizenship of Georgia shall be acquired by birth or naturalisation. The procedures for acquiring and losing the citizenship of Georgia, the conditions and procedures for granting citizenship of Georgia to a foreign citizen and the conditions for holding citizenship of another state by a citizen of Georgia shall be determined by the organic law.
    3. The deprivation of citizenship shall be inadmissible.
    … (Art. 32)
  • Georgian
    …
    2. საქართველოს მოქალაქეობა მოიპოვება დაბადებით ან ნატურალიზაციით. საქართველოს მოქალაქეობის მოპოვებისა და დაკარგვის წესი, სხვა სახელმწიფოს მოქალაქისთვის საქართველოს მოქალაქეობის მინიჭების პირობები და წესი და საქართველოს მოქალაქის მიერ სხვა სახელმწიფოს მოქალაქეობის ფლობის პირობები განისაზღვრება ორგანული კანონით.
    3. მოქალაქეობის ჩამორთმევა დაუშვებელია.
    … (მუხლი 32)

Citizenship and Nationality

India
  • English
    Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from the power of Parliament to make any provision with respect to the acquisition and termination of citizenship and all other matters relating to citizenship. (Art. 11)
  • Hindi
    इस भाग के पूर्वगामी उपबंधों की कोई बात नागरिकता के अर्जन और समाप्ति के तथा नागरिकता से संबंधित अन्य सभी विषयों के संबंध में उपबंध करने की संसद की शक्ति का अल्पीकरण नहीं करेगी। (अनुच्छेद 11)

Citizenship and Nationality

Lao People’s Democratic Republic
  • English

    Lao citizens are persons who hold Lao nationality as provided by the laws.
    ... (Art. 34)

  • Lao

    ພົນລະເມືອງລາວ ແມ່ນ ຜູ້ມີສັນຊາດລາວ ຕາມທີ່ກໍາໜົດໄວ້ໃນກົດໝາຍ.
    ... (ມາດຕາ. 34) (ປັບປຸງ)

Citizenship and Nationality

Mongolia
  • English

    1. The grounds and procedure for Mongolian citizenship, acquisition or loss of citizenship shall be determined only by law.
    2. Deprivation of Mongolian citizenship, exile and extradition of citizens of Mongolia shall be prohibited. (Art. 15)

  • Mongolian

    1. Монгол улсын иргэний харьяалал хийгээд харьяат болох, харьяатаас гарах үндэслэл журмыг гацхүү хуулиар тогтооно.
    2. Монгол улсын иргэнийг харьяатаас хасах, эх орноосоо хөөх, өөр улсад шилжүүлэн өгөхийг хориглоно. (Арван тавдугаар зүйл)