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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
South Sudan
- EnglishThe exclusive legislative and executive powers of the National Government shall be as follows:
…
4. Nationality and Naturalization;
… (Schedule (A): National Powers)
Citizenship and Nationality
Nicaragua
- English
The acquisition, loss and recuperation of nationality will be regulated by the laws. (Art. 21)
- Spanish
La adquisición, pérdida y recuperación de la nacionalidad serán reguladas por las leyes. (Art. 21)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishNo person shall be a citizen of India by virtue of article 5, or be deemed to be a citizen of India by virtue of article 6 or article 8, if he has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of any foreign State. (Art. 9)
- Hindiयदि किसी व्यक्ति ने किसी विदेशी राज्य की नागरिकता स्वेच्छा से अर्जित कर ली है तो वह अनुच्छेद 5 के आधार पर भारत का नागरिक नहीं होगा अथवा अनुच्छेद 6 या अनुच्छेद 8 के आधार पर भारत का नागरिक नहीं समझा जाएगा। (अनुच्छेद 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- English(1) A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement or in a qualifying territory on or after the appointed day, shall be a British citizen if at the time of the birth his father or mother is—
(a) a British citizen; or
(b) settled in the United Kingdom or that territory.
(1A) A person born in the United Kingdom or a qualifying territory on or after the relevant day shall be a British citizen if at the time of the birth his father or mother is a member of the armed forces.
(2) A new-born infant who, after commencement, is found abandoned in the United Kingdom, or on or after the appointed day is found abandoned in a qualifying territory, shall, unless the contrary is shown, be deemed for the purposes of subsection (1)—
(a) to have been born in the United Kingdom after commencement or in that territory on or after the appointed day; and
(b) to have been born to a parent who at the time of the birth was a British citizen or settled in the United Kingdom or that territory.
(3) A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1), (1A) or (2) shall be entitled to be registered as a British citizen if, while he is a minor—
(a) his father or mother becomes a British citizen or becomes settled in the United Kingdom; and
(b) an application is made for his registration as a British citizen.
(3A) A person born in the United Kingdom on or after the relevant day who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1), (1A) or (2) shall be entitled to be registered as a British citizen if, while he is a minor—
(a)his father or mother becomes a member of the armed forces; and
(b)an application is made for his registration as a British citizen.
… (British Nationality Act 1981, Sec. 1)
Citizenship and Nationality
Zambia
- EnglishCitizenship may be acquired by birth, descent, registration or adoption in accordance with this Part2. (Art. 34)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- EnglishThe following persons born on or after 19th September 1983 shall become citizens at the date of their birth:
(a) every person born in Saint Christopher and Nevis: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen by virtue of this paragraph if at the time of his or her birth
(i) neither of his or her parents is a citizen and either of them possess such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to the envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Saint Christopher and Nevis; or
(ii) either of his or her parents is a citizen of a country with which Her Majesty is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country;
(b) every person born outside Saint Christopher and Nevis if at the date of his or her birth either of his or her parents is, or but for death would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a) of section 90; and
(c) every person born outside Saint Christopher and Nevis if at the date of his or her birth either of his or her parents is, or but for death would have become, a citizen employed in service under the Government or under an authority of the Government that requires him or her to reside outside Saint Christopher and Nevis for the proper discharge of his or her functions. (Sec. 91)
Citizenship and Nationality
Kyrgyzstan
- English...
2. No one may be deprived of his/her citizenship and denied the right to change his/her citizenship otherwhise than in cases and according to procedures established by the constitutional law. Persons who are citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic shall enjoy recognition of affiliation to the citizenship of another state in accordance with the law and international treaties to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party.
3. The Kyrgyz people residing outside the Kyrgyz Republic shall have the right, regardless of their citizenship of another State, to acquire citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic under a simplified procedure.
The procedure and conditions for granting citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic shall be defined by law.
… (Art. 50) - Russian...
2. Ни один гражданин не может быть лишен своего гражданства и права изменить свое гражданство иначе, как в случаях и порядке, установленных конституционным законом. За лицами, являющимися гражданами Кыргызской Республики, признается принадлежность к гражданству другого государства в соответствии с законами и международными договорами, участницей которых является Кыргызская Республика.
3. Кыргызы, проживающие за пределами Кыргызской Республики, вне зависимости от наличия гражданства другого государства, вправе получить гражданство Кыргызской Республики в упрощенном порядке.
Порядок и условия предоставления гражданства Кыргызской Республики определяются законом.
... (Статья 50) - Kyrgyz...
2. Бир дагы жаран конституциялык мыйзамда белгиленген учурлардан жана тартиптен тышкары өзүнүн жарандыгынан жана өзүнүн жарандыгын өзгөртүү укугунан ажыратылышы мүмкүн эмес. Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандары болуп эсептелген адамдардын мыйзамдарга жана Кыргыз Республикасы катышуучу болуп саналган эл аралык келишимдерге ылайык башка мамлекеттин жарандыгына тийиштүүлүгү да таанылат.
3. Кыргыз Республикасынын чегинен тышкары жашаган кыргыздар башка мамлекеттин жараны болгондугуна карабастан жөнөкөйлөштүрүлгөн тартипте Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандыгын алууга укуктуу.
Кыргыз Республикасынын жарандыгын берүүнүн тартиби жана шарты мыйзам менен аныкталат.
… (50-берене)
Citizenship and Nationality
Marshall Islands
- EnglishThe Nitijela may make provision by Act:
(a) for the acquisition of citizenship of the Republic of the Marshall Islands by registration in cases not falling within Section 2 of this Article;
(b) for the acquisition of citizenship of the Republic by naturalization;
(c) for depriving of citizenship of the Republic, consistently with Article II,3 any class of persons who are citizens of the Republic only by reason of provision made by Act pursuant to this Section;
(d) for depriving of citizenship of the Republic any class of persons who are citizens of the Republic and are or have become citizens of another country otherwise than by marriage; or
(e) for the express renunciation by any person of citizenship of the Republic. (Art. XI, Sec. 3)
Citizenship and Nationality
Antigua and Barbuda
- English1. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of section 112 and of section 117 of this Constitution, the following persons shall be entitled, upon making application, to be registered on or after 1st November 1981-
a. any person who, on 31st October 1981-
i. was married to a person who becomes a citizen by virtue of section 112 of this Constitution; or
ii. was married to a person who, having died before 1st November 1981, would have but for his or her death, become a citizen by virtue of that section: Provided that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
b. any person who-
i. was married to a person who is or becomes a citizen; or
ii. was married to a person who was or, but for his or her death, would have become a citizen:
Provided that no application shall be allowed from such person before the marriage has subsisted for upwards of three years and that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
c. i. every person being a Commonwealth citizen who on 31st October 1981 was domiciled in Antigua and had been ordinarily resident therein for a period of not less than seven years preceding that day;
ii. any person who being a Commonwealth citizen is domiciled in Antigua and Barbuda and has for a period of not less than seven years immediately preceding his application been lawfully ordinarily resident in Antigua and Barbuda (whether or not that period commenced before 1st November 1981);
d. any person who, but for having renounced his citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country, would have become a citizen on 1st November 1981;
e. any person who, having been a citizen, had to renounce his citizenship in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country;
f. any person under the age of eighteen years who is the child, stepchild or child adopted in a manner recognised by law of a citizen or is the child, stepchild or child so adopted of a person who is or would but for his death have been entitled to be registered as a citizen under this subsection.
2. An application under this section shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed as respects that application by or under a law enacted by Parliament and, in the case of a person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies, it shall be made on his behalf by his parent or guardian:
Provided that if the person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies is or has been married, the application may be made by that person. (Sec. 114)
Citizenship and Nationality
Suriname
- English1. Who is a Suriname national and who is a resident shall be decided by law.
2. Naturalization shall be regulated by law.
… (Art. 3) - Dutch1. Wie Surinamer en ingezetene is, wordt bij wet bepaald.
2. Naturalisatie wordt bij wet geregeld.
... (Art. 3)