SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 534 RESULTS
Citizenship and Nationality
Grenada
- English(1) Any person who, before 7th February 1974, has been married to a person-
(a) who becomes a citizen of Grenada by virtue of section 94 of this Constitution; or
(b) who, having died before that date, would, but for his death, have become a citizen of Grenada by virtue of that section.
but whose marriage has been terminated by death or dissolution before that date shall be entitled, upon making application and if he is a British protected person or an alien taking the oath of allegiance, to be registered as a citizen of Grenada.
(2) Any person who, having been born outside Grenada, is on 6th February 1974 a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies and under the age of eighteen years shall, if his father or his mother becomes a citizen of Grenada on 7th February 1974 by virtue of section 94(2) of this Constitution be entitled, upon application being made on his behalf by his parent or guardian before he attains the age of eighteen years or before such later date as may be prescribed by Parliament, to be registered as a citizen of Grenada.
(3) An application for registration under this section shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed, as respects that application, by Parliament. (Sec. 95)
Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English1. Subject to the provisions of Part III5 of this Constitution, the following persons born on or after Malaysia Day are citizens by operation of law, that is to say:
(a) every person born within the Federation of whose parents one at least is at the time of the birth either a citizen or permanently resident in the Federation; and
(b) every person born outside the Federation whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen and either was born in the Federation or is at the time of the birth in the service of the Federation or of a State; and
(c) every person born outside the Federation whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen and whose birth is, within one year of its occurrence or within such longer period as the Federal Government may in any particular case allow, registered at a consulate of the Federation or, if it occurs in Brunei or in a territory prescribed for this purpose by order of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, registered with the Federal Government; and
(d) every person born in Singapore of whose parents one at least is at the time of the birth a citizen and who is not born a citizen otherwise than by virtue of this paragraph; and
(e) every person born within the Federation who is not born a citizen of any country otherwise than by virtue of this paragraph.
… (Second Schedule, Part II, [Article 14(1)(b)]) - Malay1. Tertakluk kepada peruntukan Bahagian III Perlembagaan ini, orang yang berikut yang lahir pada atau selepas Hari Malaysia ialah warganegara melalui kuat kuasa undang-undang, iaitu:
(a) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Persekutuan dan sekurang-kurangnya seorang daripada ibu bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara atau bermastautin secara tetap di Persekutuan; dan
(b) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di luar Persekutuan yang bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan sama ada telah lahir di Persekutuan atau pada masa kelahiran itu berada dalam perkhidmatan Persekutuan atau perkhidmatan sesuatu Negeri; dan
(c) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di luar Persekutuan yang bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan dalam masa satu tahun selepas kelahiran itu berlaku atau dalam masa apa-apa tempoh yang lebih lanjut sebagaimana yang dibenarkan oleh Kerajaan Persekutuan dalam mana-mana hal tertentu, kelahiran itu didaftarkan di suatu konsulat Persekutuan atau, jika kelahiran itu berlaku di Brunei atau di sesuatu wilayah yang ditetapkan bagi maksud ini melalui perintah Yang di-Pertuan Agong, didaftarkan dengan Kerajaan Persekutuan; dan
(d) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Singapura dan sekurang-kurangnya seorang daripada ibu bapanya pada masa kelahiran itu seorang warganegara dan orang itu pada masa dia lahir tidak menjadi warganegara selain menurut kuasa perenggan ini; dan
(e) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir di Persekutuan dan pada masa dia lahir tidak menjadi warganegara mana-mana negara selain menurut kuasa perenggan ini.
… (Jadual Kedua, Bahagian II, [Perkara 14(1)(b)])
Citizenship and Nationality
Palau
- EnglishA person born of parents, one or both of whom are of recognized Palauan ancestry, shall have the right to enter and reside in Palau and to enjoy other rights and privileges as provided by law, which shall include the right to petition to become a naturalized citizen of Palau; provided, that prior to becoming a naturalized citizen, a person must renounce his citizenship by naturalization except pursuant to this section. (Art. III, Sec 4)
Citizenship and Nationality
Mozambique
- English1. Mozambican nationality may be granted to Mozambicans who, having lost such nationality now request it, provided that they meet all of the following conditions:
a. that they establish their domicile in Mozambique;
b. that they meet the requirements and offer the guarantees prescribed by law.
2. A Mozambican woman who has lost her nationality through marriage may reacquire it by addressing a request to the competent authorities.
3. Reacquisition of nationality shall restore the legal situation prevailing prior to the loss of nationality. (Art. 32) - Portuguese1. Pode ser concedida a nacionalidade moçambicana àqueles que, depois de a terem perdido, a requeiram e reunam cumulativamente as seguintes condições:
a) estabeleçam domicílio em Moçambique;
b) preencham os requisitos e ofereçam as garantias fixadas na lei.
2. A mulher moçambicana que tenha perdido a nacionalidade por virtude de casamento pode readquiri-la mediante requerimento às entidades competentes.
3. A reaquisição da nacionalidade faz regressar à situação jurídica anterior à perda da nacionalidade. (Art. 32)
Citizenship and Nationality
Guyana
- English(1) Parliament may make provision -
(a) for the acquisition of citizenship of Guyana by persons who do not become citizens of Guyana by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter2;
(b) for depriving of his or her citizenship of Guyana any person who is a citizen of Guyana otherwise than by virtue of article 41 (in so far as it relates to persons who became citizens of Guyana by virtue of articles 21, 23 and 24 of the Constitution of Guyana annexed to the Guyana Independence Order 1966), 43 or 44; or
(c) for the renunciation by any person of his or her citizenship of Guyana. (Art. 48)
Citizenship and Nationality
Palestine
- EnglishNo Palestinian may be deported from the homeland, prevented or prohibited from returning to or leaving it, deprived of his citizenship, or handed over to any foreign entity. (Art. 28)
- Arabicلا يجوز إبعاد أي فلسطيني عن أرض الوطن أو حرمانه من العودة إليه أو منعه من المغادرة أو تجريده من الجنسية أو تسليمه لأية جهة أجنبية. (المادّة 28)
Citizenship and Nationality
Tonga
- English(1) Notwithstanding clause 29 of this Constitution it shall be lawful for the King and the Legislative Assembly to enact specific laws declaring any persons whether or not they have ever resided in Tonga to be or to have become naturalized subjects of Tonga from any date. All persons who are declared to be naturalized subjects of Tonga by any such legislation shall have, and shall be deemed to have had from the effective dates of their naturalizations, the same rights and privileges as other foreigners becoming naturalized subjects of Tonga by the grant to them of Certificates of Naturalization.
… (Clause 29A) - Tongan(1) Neongo ‘a e kupu 29 ‘o e Konisitutone ni kuo pau ke fakalao ki he Tu‘i mo e Fale Alea ke fa‘u ha ngaahi lao makehe ‘o fakaha ai ‘oku pe kuo liliu mei ha fa‘ahinga ‘aho pe ‘o hoko ko e tokotaha Tonga ha fa‘ahinga taha pe ‘o tatau ai pe pe kuo ne ‘osi nofo ‘i Tonga pe ‘ikai. Ko e kakai kotoa pe ‘a ia kuo fakaha kuo nau liliu ‘o hoko ko e kakai Tonga ‘e ha fa‘ahinga lao pehee kuo pau ke nau ma‘u pea kuo pau ‘e lau kuo nau ma‘u mei he ngaahi ‘aho ko ia na‘e kamata ngaue‘aki ai ‘enau liliu kakai, ‘a e ngaahi totonu mo e ngaahi faingamalie tatau mo e kau muli kehe kuo nau liliu ‘o hoko ko e kakai Tonga ‘aki hono ‘oatu kiate kinautolu ‘a e ngaahi Tohi Fakamo‘oni Liliu Kakai.
... (Kupu 29A)
Citizenship and Nationality
Seychelles
- English(1) A person shall not become a citizen of Seychelles by virtue of article 8 if, at the date of birth, neither of the person’s parents is a citizen of Seychelles.
(2) A person shall not become a citizen of Seychelles by virtue of article 8 if, at the date of birth, —
(a) either of the person’s parents possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to an envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Seychelles; or
(b) either of the person’s parents is a citizen of a country with which Seychelles is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country, and neither of the person’s parents is a citizen of Seychelles. (Art. 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jamaica
- English1. No person who is a citizen of Jamaica by virtue of section 3 (1) (a), (b) or (c) shall be deprived of his citizenship of Jamaica.
2. A person who is a citizen of Jamaica other than by virtue of section 3 (1) (a), (6) or (c), shall not be deprived of his citizenship except by or under the provisions of a law-
a. specifying the grounds on which such deprivation may take place and the procedure for such deprivation; and
b. securing to any person affected thereby a right of access to the Supreme Court for the purpose of reviewing the decision to deprive him of his right to such citizenship. (Sec. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) Where a person has been deprived of his citizenship or his enrolment as a citizen has been cancelled under the provisions of this Part, the Government may, by order, deprive of his citizenship or, as the case may be, cancel the enrolment of any child of that person under the age of 21 years who has been registered or enrolled as a citizen under the provisions of this Constitution or the Singapore Citizenship Ordinance 1957 (Ord. 35 of 1957) and was so registered or enrolled as being the child of that person or of that person’s wife or husband.
(2) No person shall be deprived of his citizenship under clause (1) unless the Government is satisfied that it is not conducive to the public good that he should continue to be a citizen; and no person shall be deprived of his citizenship under clause (1) if the Government is satisfied that as a result of such deprivation he would not be a citizen of any country. (Art. 137)