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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Cyprus
- English1. The President and the Vice-President of the Republic acting jointly may, at any time prior to the promulgation of any law or decision of the House of Representatives, refer to the Supreme Constitutional Court for its opinion the question as to whether such law or decision or any specified provision thereof is repugnant to or inconsistent with any provision of this Constitution, otherwise than on the ground that such law or decision or any provision thereof discriminates against either of the two Communities or is repugnant to or inconsistent with the law of the European Communities or of the European Union.
… (Art. 140) - Greek1. O Πρόεδρος και ο Aντιπρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας από κοινού προ της εκδόσεως νόμου ή αποφάσεώς τινος της Bουλής των Aντιπροσώπων δικαιούνται να αναφερθώσιν εις το Aνώτατον Συνταγματικόν Δικαστήριον ίνα γνωματεύση τούτο, κατά πόσον ο εν λόγω νόμος, απόφασις ή ωρισμένη διάταξις αυτών ευρίσκεται εις αντίθεσιν ή είναι ασύμφωνος προς διάταξίν τινα του Συντάγματος δι’ οιονδήποτε άλλον λόγον πλην της δυσμενούς εις βάρος εκατέρας κοινότητας διακρίσεως ή ευρίσκεται σε αντίθεση ή είναι ασύμφωνος προς το δίκαιο των Ευρωπαϊκών Κοινοτήτων ή της Ευρωπαϊκής Ενώσεως.
… (Αρθρον 140) - Turkish1. Cumhurbaşkanı ve Cumhurbaşkanı Yardımcısı birlikte, Temsilciler Meclisinin herhangi bir kanun veya kararının ilanından önce herhangi bir zamanda, böyle bir kanunun veya kararın ya da herhangi belli bir hükmünün, iki Cemaatten biri aleyhine ayrımcı olması sebebi dışında, bu Anayasanın herhangi bir hükmüne aykırı veya ona uygun olup olmadığı ya da Avrupa Toplulukları veya Avrupa Birliği kanununa aykırı veya ona uygun olup olmadığı meselesini, görüşünü vermesi için, Yüksek Anayasa Mahkemesine yollayabilir.
... (Madde 140)
Jurisdiction and Access
Jordan
- English1. The Constitutional Court shall have the competence of oversight on the constitutionality of the applicable laws and regulations and its judgments shall be issued in the name of the King; …
2. The Constitutional Court shall have the right to interpret the provisions of the Constitution if such is requested therefrom by a decision issued by the Council of Ministers or by a decision taken by either House of the Parliament by majority; … (Art. 59) - Arabic1. تختص المحكمة الدستورية بالرقابة على دستورية القوانين والأنظمة النّافذة وتصدر أحكامها باسم الملك، ...
2. للمحكمة الدستورية حق تفسير نصوص الدستور إذا طلب إليها ذلك بقرار صادر عن مجلس الوزراء أو بقرار يتخذه أحد مجلسي الأمة بالأغلبية، ... (المادة 59)
Jurisdiction and Access
San Marino
- EnglishA Guarantors’ Panel responsible for ensuring the constitutionality of rules is hereby established…
The Guarantors’ Panel shall:
a) verify the conformity of laws, of regulations having force of law, as well as of customary rules having force of law, with the fundamental principles of the constitutional order set forth or mentioned in this Law, upon direct request of at least twenty members of the Great and General Council, of the Congress of State, of five Township Councils, of a number of citizens making up at least 1.5% of the electorate resulting from the latest and definitive annual revision of the electoral lists, and with reference to proceedings pending before the Republic’s courts, upon request of judges or the parties involved;
b) in the cases envisaged by law, decide on the acceptability of referenda proposals;
c) decide in case of conflicts between constitutional bodies;
d) act as “Regency Syndicate”.
Additional functions may be established by a constitutional law. The constitutional law shall determine the responsibilities of the Guarantors’ Panel and of its single members.
… (Art. 16) - ItalianE' istituito il Collegio Garante della costituzionalita delle norme. …
Il Collegio Garante:
a) verifica, su richiesta diretta di almeno venti Consiglieri, del Congresso di Stato, di cinque Giunte di Castello, della Commissione per le Pari Opportunità, di un numero di cittadini elettori rappresentanti almeno l'1,5% del corpo elettorale quale risultante dall'ultima e definitiva revisione annuale delle liste elettorali, nonché nell'ambito di giudizi pendenti presso i Tribunali della Repubblica, su richiesta dei giudici o delle parti in causa, la rispondenza delle leggi, degli atti aventi forza di legge a contenuto normativo, nonché delle norme anche consuetudinarie aventi forza di legge, ai principi fondamentali dell'ordinamento di cui alla presente legge o da questa richiamati;
b) decide nei casi previsti dalla legge, sull'ammissibilità dei referendum;
c) decide sui conflitti fra organi costituzionali;
d) esercita il Sindacato sui Capitani Reggenti.
Con legge costituzionale potranno essere disposte ulteriori attribuzioni. La legge costituzionale determina il regime delle responsabilità del Collegio Garante e dei singoli membri.
… (Art. 16)
Jurisdiction and Access
Zimbabwe
- English(1) The High Court—
…
(c) may decide constitutional matters except those that only the Constitutional Court may decide;
… (Sec. 171)
Jurisdiction and Access
Maldives
- English(c) The Supreme Court shall be the final authority on the interpretation of the Constitution, the law, or any other matter dealt with by a court of law. (Art. 145)
- Dhivehi(ނ) ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީ އާއި ޤާނޫނު މާނަކުރުމުގައި، އަދި ޝަރީޢަތުން ބަލާ އެނޫންވެސް މައްސަލަތަކުގައި ސިޕްރީމްކޯޓުން ނިންމާ ނިންމުމްކީ އެންމެ ފަހުގެ ނިންމުމުވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 145 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Jurisdiction and Access
Slovenia
- EnglishIf a court deciding some matter deems a law which it should apply to be unconstitutional, it must stay the proceedings and initiate proceedings before the Constitutional Court. The proceedings in the court may be continued after the Constitutional Court has issued its decision. (Art. 156)
- SloveneČe sodišče pri odločanju meni, da je zakon, ki bi ga moralo uporabiti, protiustaven, mora postopek prekiniti in začeti postopek pred ustavnim sodiščem. Postopek pred sodiščem se nadaljuje po odločitvi ustavnega sodišča. (156. Člen)
Jurisdiction and Access
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The Pluri-National Constitutional Court (Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional) assures the supremacy of the Constitution, exercises constitutional control, and safeguards respect for and enforcement of constitutional rights and guarantees.
II. As criteria to be applied in its interpretive role, the Pluri-National Constitutional Court shall give preference to the intent of the constituent assembly as demonstrated in its documents, acts and resolutions, as well as the literal tenor of the text. (Art. 196) - SpanishI. El Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional vela por la supremacía de la Constitución, ejerce el control de constitucionalidad, y precautela el respeto y la vigencia de los derechos y las garantías constitucionales.
II. En su función interpretativa, el Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional aplicará como criterio de interpretación, con preferencia, la voluntad del constituyente, de acuerdo con sus documentos, actas y resoluciones, así como el tenor literal del texto. (Art. 196)
Jurisdiction and Access
Qatar
- EnglishThe law shall specify the competent judicial body for settling of disputes pertaining to the constitutionality of laws and regulations, define its powers and method of challenging and procedures to be followed before the said body. It shall also specify the consequences of judgment regarding unconstitutionality. (Art. 140)
- Arabicيعيّن القانون الجهة القضائية التي تختصّ بالفصل في المنازعات المتعلّقة بدستوريّة القوانين واللّوائح، ويبيّن صلاحياتها وكيفية الطّعن والإجراءات التي تتّبع أمامها، كما يبيّن القانون آثار الحكم بعدم الدستورية. (المادّة 140)
Jurisdiction and Access
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. The legitimate organs to interpose recourses of unconstitutionality are:
a) The President of the Republic-Head of State.
b) The Vice President of the Republic and the Prime Minister.
c) The Chamber of the Deputies and the Senate with a qualified majority of the three-fourths part of their members.
d) The Attorney General of the Republic.
2. Any natural person or [person] having cause, that invokes a legitimate interest[,] can interpose [the] recourse of amparo. (Art. 102) - Spanish1. Los órganos legítimos para interponer recursos de inconstitucionalidad son:
a) El Presidente de la República-Jefe de Estado.
b) El Vice-Presidente de la República y el Primer Ministro.
c) La Cámara de los Diputados y el Senado en una mayoría cualificada de las tres cuartas partes de sus miembros.
d) El Fiscal General de la República.
2. Puede interponer recurso de amparo, toda persona natural o causa-habiente que invoque un interés legítimo. (Art. 102) - French1. Les organes ayant légitimement le droit d'introduire des demandes d'inconstitutionnalité sont :
a) Le Président de la République-Chef de l'État.
b) Le Vice-président de la République et le Premier ministre.
c) La Chambre des députés et le Sénat, avec une majorité qualifiée des trois-quarts de leurs membres.
d) Le Procureur général de la République.
2. Toute personne physique ou personne fondée à invoquer un intérêt légitime a le droit d'introduire une demande de protection. (Art. 102)
Jurisdiction and Access
Fiji
- English…
(3) The Court of Appeal has jurisdiction, subject to this Constitution and to such requirements as prescribed by written law, to hear and determine appeals from all judgments of the High Court, and has such other jurisdiction as is conferred by written law.
(4) Appeals lie to the Court of Appeal as of right from a final judgment of the High Court in any manner arising under this Constitution or involving its interpretation.
… (Sec. 99) - iTaukei…
(3) Na Mataveilewai ni Rogokudru e tiko vua na kaukauwa, vakavo ke virikotori ena Yavunivakavulewa qo kei na veilawa tabaki tale e so, me rogoca ka vakatulewa ena lewa sa tauca na Mataveilewai e Cake ka tu vua na kaukauwa tale e so e vakadeitaki ena lawa tabaki.
(4) Na taro kece se vakavakadewa me baleta na Yavunivakavulewa qo e rawa ni dikeva tale na Mataveilewai ni Rogokudru ena gauna sa vakatulewa oti kina na Mataveilewai e Cake.
… (Sec. 99)