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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
South Africa
- English(1) Members of a provincial legislature may apply to the Constitutional Court for an order declaring that all or part of a provincial Act is unconstitutional.
… (Sec. 122)
Jurisdiction and Access
Cambodia
- EnglishThe King consults the Constitutional Council on any proposal aiming at amending the Constitution. (Art. 143)
- Khmerព្រះមហាក្សត្រ ទ្រង់ពិគ្រោះមតិក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញចំពោះសេចក្តីស្នើទាំងឡាយដែលសុំធ្វើវិសោធនកម្មលើរដ្ឋធម្មនុញ្ញ។ (មាត្រា ១៤៣)
Jurisdiction and Access
Estonia
- EnglishWhen determining a case, the courts refuse to give effect to a law or other legislation that is in conflict with the Constitution.
The Supreme Court declares invalid any law or other legislation that is in conflict with the letter and spirit of the Constitution. (Sec. 152) - EstonianKohus jätab kohtuasja lahendamisel kohaldamata mis tahes seaduse või muu õigusakti, kui see on vastuolus põhiseadusega.
Riigikohus tunnistab kehtetuks mis tahes seaduse või muu õigusakti, kui see on vastuolus põhiseaduse sätte ja mõttega. (§ 152)
Jurisdiction and Access
Cabo Verde
- English1. Everyone shall have the right to request from the Constitutional Court, by a writ of amparo, the protection of his or her constitutionally recognized fundamental rights, liberties and guarantees, under the terms of the law and in accordance with the provisions contemplated in the following subparagraphs:
a) A writ of amparo may only be filed against acts or omissions of public authorities, that are injurious to the fundamental rights, liberties and guarantees, once all other means of ordinary appeal have been exhausted;
b) A writ of amparo may be requested through a simple petition; it would be of an urgent nature, and its procedure must be based on the principle of summary treatment.
... (Art. 20) - Portuguese1. A todos os indivíduos é reconhecido o direito de requerer ao Tribunal Constitucional, através de recurso de amparo, a tutela dos seus direitos, liberdades e garantias fundamentais, constitucionalmente reconhecidos, nos termos da lei e com observância do disposto nas alíneas seguintes:
a) O recurso de amparo só pode ser interposto contra actos ou omissões dos poderes públicos lesivos dos direitos, liberdades e garantias fundamentais, depois de esgotadas todas as vias de recurso ordinário;
b) O recurso de amparo pode ser requerido em simples peti- ção, tem carácter urgente e o seu processamento deve ser baseado no princípio da sumariedade.
... (Art. 20)
Jurisdiction and Access
Zambia
- English1. Judicial authority vests in the courts and shall be exercised by the courts in accordance with this Constitution and other laws.
2. The courts shall perform the following judicial functions:
a. hear civil and criminal matters; and
b. hear matters relating to, and in respect of, this Constitution.
… (Art. 119)
Jurisdiction and Access
Lithuania
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall consider and adopt decisions on whether the laws of the Republic of Lithuania or other acts adopted by the Seimas are in conflict with the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania.
The Constitutional Court shall also consider whether the following are in conflict with the Constitution and laws:
1) the acts of the President of the Republic;
2) the acts of the Government of the Republic.
The Constitutional Court shall present conclusions on:
1) whether there were the violations of election laws during the elections of the President of the Republic or the elections of the Members of the Seimas;
2) whether the state of health of the President of the Republic allows him to continue to hold office;
3) whether the international treaties of the Republic of Lithuania are in conflict with the Constitution;
4) whether the concrete actions of the Members of the Seimas and state officials against whom an impeachment case has been instituted are in conflict with the Constitution (Art. 105) - LithuanianKonstitucinis Teismas nagrinėja ir priima sprendimą, ar neprieštarauja Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijai Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymai ir kiti Seimo priimti aktai.
Konstitucinis Teismas taip pat nagrinėja, ar neprieštarauja Konstitucijai ir įstatymams:
1) Respublikos Prezidento aktai;
2) Respublikos Vyriausybės aktai.
Konstitucinis Teismas teikia išvadas:
1) ar nebuvo pažeisti rinkimų įstatymai per Respublikos Prezidento ar Seimo narių rinkimus;
2) ar Respublikos Prezidento sveikatos būklė leidžia jam ir toliau eiti pareigas;
3) ar Lietuvos Respublikos tarptautinės sutartys neprieštarauja Konstitucijai;
4) ar Seimo narių ir valstybės pareigūnų, kuriems pradėta apkaltos byla, konkretūs veiksmai prieštarauja Konstitucijai. (105 straipsnis)
Jurisdiction and Access
Chad
- EnglishThe Supreme Court is the highest jurisdiction of Chad in judicial, administrative, [and] constitutional matters and [matters] of accounts.
It takes cognizance of disputes [concerning] the presidential, legislative and local elections. It sees to the regularity of the operations of referendum and proclaims the results of them.
It decides on the pleadings [exception] of unconstitutionality raised by any citizen before a jurisdiction in a matter [affaire] which concerns him.
... (Art. 157) - Arabicالمحكمة العليا هي أعلى سلطة قضائية وتنظر في مسائل التشاد القضائية، الإدارية، والدستورية ومسائل الحسابات.
تتمتع بصلاحية النظر في الخلافات المتعلقة بالانتخابات الرئاسية والتشريعية والمحلية. وتحرص على انتظام عمليات الاستفتاء وتعلن نتائجها.
تقرر في مذكرات عدم الدستورية التي يقدمها أي مواطن أمام سلطة قضائية في مسألة تخصه.
... (المادة 157) - FrenchLa Cour Suprême est la plus haute juridiction du Tchad en matière judiciaire, administrative, constitutionnelle et des comptes.
Elle connait du contentieux des élections présidentielles, législatives et locales. Elle veille à la régularité des opérations de référendum et en proclame les résultats.
Elle statue sur l'exception d'inconstitutionnalité soulevée par tout citoyen devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne.
... (Art. 157)
Jurisdiction and Access
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The Action for Compliance (Accion de Cumplimiento) shall apply to the case of non compliance with provisions of the constitutional or the law on the part of public servants, and has as its objective the guaranteeing of the execution of the norm.
II. The action shall be filed by the affected individual or collective, or by another with sufficient power in name of the affected party, before a competent judge or court, and shall be processed in the same manner as the Action for Constitutional Protection.
… (Art. 134) - SpanishI. La Acción de Cumplimiento procederá en caso de incumplimiento de disposiciones constitucionales o de la ley por parte de servidores públicos, con el objeto de garantizar la ejecución de la norma omitida.
II. La acción se interpondrá por la persona individual o colectiva afectada, o por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente, ante juez o tribunal competente, y se tramitará de la misma forma que la Acción de Amparo Constitucional.
… (Art. 134)
Jurisdiction and Access
North Macedonia
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court of the Republic of North Macedonia:
- decides on the conformity of laws with the Constitution;
- decides on the conformity of collective agreements and other regulations with the Constitution and laws;
- protects the freedoms and rights of the individual and citizen relating to the freedom of conviction, conscience, thought and public expression of thought, political association and activity as well as to the prohibition of discrimination among citizens on the ground of sex, race, religion or national, social or political affiliation;
- decides on conflicts of competency among holders of legislative, executive and judicial offices;
- decides on conflicts of competency among bodies of the Republic and units of local self-government;
- decides on the accountability of the President of the Republic;
- decides on the constitutionality of the programmes and statutes of political parties and associations of citizens and
- decides on other issues determined by the Constitution. (Art. 110) - MacedonianУставниот суд на Република Северна Македонија:
- одлучува за согласноста на законите со Уставот;
- одлучува за согласноста на другите прописи и на колективните договори со Уставот и со законите;
- ги штити слободите и правата на човекот и граѓанинот што се однесуваат на слободата на уверувањето, совеста, мислата и јавното изразување на мислата, политичкото здружување и дејствување и забраната на дискриминација на граѓаните по основ на пол, раса, верска, национална, социјална и политичка припадност;
- решава за судирот на надлежностите меѓу носителите на законодавната, извршната и судската власт;
- решава за судирот на надлежностите меѓу органите на Републиката и единиците на локалната самоуправа;
- одлучува за одговорноста на претседателот на Републиката;
- одлучува за уставноста на програмите и статутите на политичките партии и на здруженијата на граѓаните и
- одлучува и за други прашања утврдени со Уставот. (Член 110)
Jurisdiction and Access
Djibouti
- EnglishTo the same end, the laws may be deferred to the Constitutional Council before their promulgation by the President of the Republic, the President of the National Assembly or ten Deputies.
… (Art. 79) - Arabicتحقيقاً للهدف نفسه، يجوز إحالة القوانين إلى المجلس الدستوري قبل أن يصدرها رئيس الجمهورية أو رئيس المجلس الوطني أو عشرة نواب.
... (المادة 79) - FrenchAux mêmes fins, les lois peuvent être déférées au Conseil constitutionnel avant leur promulgation par le président de la République, le président de l'Assemblée nationale ou dix députés.
… (Art. 79)